The fluorescence detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Pierre Auger Observatory is a hybrid detector for ultra-high energy cosmic rays. It combines a surface array to measure secondary particles at ground level together with a fluorescence detector to measure the development of air showers in the atmosphere above the array. The fluorescence detector comprises 24 large telescopes specialized for measuring the nitrogen fluorescence caused by charged particles of cosmic ray air showers. In this paper we describe the components of the fluorescence detector including its optical system, the design of the camera, the electronics, and the systems for relative and absolute calibration. We also discuss the operation and the monitoring of the detector. Finally, we evaluate the detector performance and precision of shower reconstructions. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.

Measurement of the energy spectrum of cosmic rays above 10(18) eV using the Pierre Auger Observatory

We report a measurement of the flux of cosmic rays with unprecedented precision and Statistics using the Pierre Auger Observatory Based on fluorescence observations in coincidence with at least one Surface detector we derive a spectrum for energies above 10(18) eV We also update the previously published energy spectrum obtained with the surface detector array The two spectra are combined addressing the systematic uncertainties and, in particular. the influence of the energy resolution on the spectral shape The spectrum can be described by a broken power law E(-gamma) with index gamma = 3 3 below the ankle which is measured at log(10)(E(ankle)/eV) = 18 6 Above the ankle the spectrum is described by a power law with index 2 6 followed by a flux suppression, above about log(10)(E/eV) = 19 5, detected with high statistical significance (C) 2010 Elsevier B V All rights reserved

A study of the effect of molecular and aerosol conditions in the atmosphere on air fluorescence measurements at the Pierre Auger Observatory

The air fluorescence detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory is designed to perforin calorimetric measurements of extensive air showers created by Cosmic rays of above 10(18) eV. To correct these measurements for the effects introduced by atmospheric fluctuations, the Observatory contains a group Of monitoring instruments to record atmospheric conditions across the detector site, ail area exceeding 3000 km(2). The atmospheric data are used extensively in the reconstruction of air showers, and are particularly important for the correct determination of shower energies and the depths of shower maxima. This paper contains a summary of the molecular and aerosol conditions measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory since the start of regular operations in 2004, and includes a discussion of the impact of these measurements oil air shower reconstructions. Between 10(18) and 10(20) eV, the systematic Uncertainties due to all atmospheric effects increase from 4% to 8% in measurements of shower energy, and 4 g cm(-2) to 8 g cm(-2) in measurements of the shower maximum. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

P-T-Fluid evolution and graphite deposition during retrograde metamorphism in Ribeira Fold Belt, SE Brazil: Oxygen fugacity, fluid inclusions and C-O-H isotopic evidence

Combined fluid inclusion (FI) microthermometry, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, C-O-H isotopes and oxygen fugacities of granulites from central Ribeira Fold Belt, SE Brazil, provided the following results: i) Magnetite-Hematite fO(2) estimates range from 10(-11.5) bar (QFM + 1) to 10(-18.3) bar (QFM - 1) for the temperature range of 896 degrees C-656 degrees C, implying fO(2) decrease from metamorphic peak temperatures to retrograde conditions; ii) 5 main types of fluid inclusions were observed: a) CO(2) and CO(2)-N(2) (0-11 mol%) high to medium density (1.01-0.59 g/cm(3)) FI; b) CO(2) and CO(2)-N(2) (0-36 mol%) low density (0.19-0.29 g/cm(3)) FI; c) CO(2) (94-95 mol%)-N(2) (3 mol%)-CH(4) (2-3 mol%)-H(2)O (water phi(v) (25 degrees C) = 0.1) FI; d) low-salinity H(2)O-CO(2) FI; and e) late low-salinity H(2)O FI; iii) Raman analyses evidence two graphite types in khondalites: an early highly ordered graphite (T similar to 450 degrees C) overgrown by a disordered kind (T similar to 330 degrees C); iv) delta(18)O quartz results of 10.3-10.7 parts per thousand, imply high-temperature CO(2) delta(18)O values of 14.4-14.8 parts per thousand, suggesting the involvement of a metamorphic fluid, whereas lower temperature biotite delta(18)O and delta D results of 7.5-8.5 parts per thousand and -54 to -67 parts per thousand respectively imply H(2)O delta(18)O values of 10-11 parts per thousand and delta D(H2O) of -23 to -36 parts per thousand suggesting delta(18)O depletion and increasing fluid/rock ratio from metamorphic peak to retrograde conditions. Isotopic results are compatible with low-temperature H(2)O influx and fO(2) decrease that promoted graphite deposition in retrograde granulites, simultaneous with low density CO(2), CO(2)-N(2) and CO(2)-N(2)-CH(4)-H(2)O fluid inclusions at T = 450-330 degrees C. Graphite delta(13)C results of -10.9 to -11.4 parts per thousand imply CO(2) delta(13)C values of -0.8 to -1.3 parts per thousand suggesting decarbonation of Cambrian marine carbonates with small admixture of lighter biogenic or mantle derived fluids. Based on these results, it is suggested that metamorphic fluids from the central segment of Ribeira Fold Belt evolved to CO(2)-N(2) fluids during granulitic metamorphism at high fO(2), followed by rapid pressure drop at T similar to 400-450 degrees C during late exhumation that caused fO(2) reduction induced by temperature decrease and water influx, turning carbonic fluids into CO(2)-H(2)O (depleting biotite delta(18)O and delta D values), and progressively into H(2)O. When fO(2) decreased substantially by mixture of carbonic and aqueous fluids, graphite deposited forming khondalites. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Geodesics and Almost Geodesic Cycles in Random Regular Graphs

A geodesic in a graph G is a shortest path between two vertices of G. For a specific function e(n) of n, we define an almost geodesic cycle C in G to be a cycle in which for every two vertices u and v in C, the distance d(G)(u, v) is at least d(C)(u, v) - e(n). Let omega(n) be any function tending to infinity with n. We consider a random d-regular graph on n vertices. We show that almost all pairs of vertices belong to an almost geodesic cycle C with e(n)= log(d-1)log(d-1) n+omega(n) and vertical bar C vertical bar =2 log(d-1) n+O(omega(n)). Along the way, we obtain results on near-geodesic paths. We also give the limiting distribution of the number of geodesics between two random vertices in this random graph. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 66: 115-136, 2011

Electronic Structure of the Ground and Low-Lying Electronic States of MoB and MoB(+)

Multiconfigurational second-order perturbation theory (CASSCF//CASPT2) and quadruple-zeta ANO-RCC basis sets were employed to investigate the ground and low-lying electronic states of MoB and MoB(+). Spectroscopic constants, potential energy curves, wavefunctions, Mulliken population analyses, and ionization energies are given. The ground state of MoB is of X(6)Pi symmetry (R(e) = 1.968 angstrom, omega(e) = 664 cm(-1), and mu = 2.7 D), giving rise to a Omega = 7/2 ground state after including spin-orbit coupling. For MoB(+), the ground state is computed to be of X(7)Sigma(+) symmetry (R(e) = 2.224 angstrom, omega(e) = 141 cm(-1), and mu = 1.2 D), with an adiabatic ionization energy of 7.19 eV and a vertical one of 7.53 eV. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 111: 3362-3370, 2011

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil from Rollinia sericea (REFr.) REFr. (Annonaceae) Leaves

The chemical composition of the essential oil of Rollinia sericea (R.E.Fr.) R.E.Fr. leaves was determined by GC and GC/MS analysis. The analysis revealed the presence mainly of sesquiterpenes: beta-elemene (10%), beta-caryophyllene (10.0%), bicyclogermacrene (9.1%), germacrene-D (8.2%), bicycloelemene (6.2%) and (Z)-nerolidol (5.3%). Rollinia sericea oil was able to inhibit the growth of both fungi Aspergillus niger (16404) and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) as well as the Gram-positive bacterium Staphyloccocus aureus (ATCC 6538) but it was inactive against the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027).

Effects of Extrusion on the Emulsifying Properties of Rumen and Soy Protein

Defatted rumen protein and soy protein concentrate were extruded in a 15.5:1 L/D single-screw extruder at the optimum conditions for their expansion (150A degrees C and 35% moisture, and 130A degrees C and 35% moisture, respectively). Emulsions were produced with these proteins and studied by rheology and time domain low-resolution (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR). Extrusion increased storage modulus of rumen protein emulsions. The opposite was observed for soy protein. Mechanical relaxation showed the existence of three relaxing components in the emulsions whose relative contributions were changed by extrusion. Likewise, spin-spin relaxation time constants (T (2)) measured by TD-NMR also showed three major distinct populations of protons in respect to their mobility that were also altered by extrusion. Extrusion increased surface hydrophobicity of both rumen and soy protein. Solubility of rumen protein increased with extrusion whereas soy protein had its solubility decreased after processing. Extrusion promoted molecular reorganization of protein, increasing its superficial hydrophobicity, affecting its interfacial properties and improving its emulsifying behavior. The results show that extrusion can promote the use of rumen, a by-product waste from the meat industry, in human nutrition by replacing soy protein in food emulsions.

Structural and spectroscopic properties of the diazocarbene radical (CNN) and its ions CNN(+) and CNN(-): a high-level theoretical investigation

The diazocarbene radical, CNN, and the ions CNN(+) and CNN(-) were investigated at a high level of theory. Very accurate structural parameters for the states X(3)Sigma(-) and A(3)Pi of CNN, and X(2)Pi of both CNN(+) and CNN(-) were obtained with the UCCSD(T) method using correlated-consistent basis functions with extrapolations to the complete basis set limit, with valence only and also with all electrons correlated. Harmonic and anharmonic frequencies were obtained for all species and the Renner parameter and average frequencies evaluated for the Pi states. At the UCCSD(T)/CBS(T-5) level of theory, Delta(f)H(0 K) = 138.89 kcal/mol and Delta(f)H(298 K) = 139.65 kcal/mol were obtained for diazocarbene; for the ionization potential and the electron affinity of CNN, 10.969 eV (252.95 kcal/mol), and 1.743 eV (40.19 kcal/mol), respectively, are predicted. Geometry optimization was also carried out with the CASSCF/MRCI/CBS(T-5) approach for the states X(3)Sigma(-) A(3)Pi, and a(1)Delta of CNN, and with the CASSCF/MRSDCI/aug-cc-pVTZ approach for the states b(1)Sigma(+), c(1)Pi, d(1)Sigma(-), and B(3)Sigma(-), and excitation energies (T(e)) evaluated. Vertical energies were calculated for 15 electronic states, thus improving on the accuracy of the five transitions already described, and allowing for a reliable overview of a manifold of other states, which is expected to guide future spectroscopic experiments. This study corroborates the experimental assignment for the vertical transition X (3)Sigma(-) <- E (3)Pi.

Electronic Structure and Chemical Bonding in the Ground and Low-Lying Electronic States of Ta(2)

The electronic structure and chemical bonding of the ground and low-lying Lambda - S and Omega states of Ta(2) were investigated at the multiconfiguration second-order perturbation theory (CASSCF//CASPT2) level. The ground state of Ta(2) is computed to be a X(3)Sigma(-)(g) state (R(e) = 2.120 angstrom, omega(e) = 323 cm(-1), and D(e) = 4.65 eV), with two low-lying singlet states close to it (a(1) Sigma(+)(g) : T(e) = 409 cm(-1), R(e) = 2.131 angstrom, and omega(e) = 313 cm(-1); b(1) Gamma(g): T(e) = 1, 038 cm(-1), R(e) = 2.127 angstrom, and omega(e) = 316 cm(-1)). These electronic states are derived from the same electronic configuration: vertical bar 13 sigma(2)(g)14 sigma(2)(g)7 delta(2)(g)13 pi(4)(u)>. The effective bond order of the X(3) Sigma(-)(g) state is 4.52, which indicates that the Ta atoms are bound by a quintuple chemical bond. The a(1) Sigma(+)(g) state interacts strongly with the X(3)Sigma(-)(g) g ground state by a second-order spin-orbit interaction, giving rise to the (1)0(g)(+) (ground state) (dominated by the X(3)Sigma(-)(g) Lambda - S ground state) and (9)0(g)(+) (dominated by the a(1) Sigma(+)(g) Lambda - S state) Omega states. These results are in line with those reported for the group 5B homonuclear transition metal diatomics. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 111: 1306-1315, 2011

Low-lying singlet and triplet electronic states of RhB

The low-lying X-1 Sigma(+), a(3)Delta, A(1)Delta, b(3)Sigma(+), B-1 Pi, c(3)Pi, C-1 Phi, D-1 Sigma(+), E-1 Pi, d(1)Phi, and e(3)Pi electronic states of RhB have been investigated at the ab initio level, using the multistate multiconfigurational second-order perturbation (MS-CASPT2) theory, with extended atomic basis sets and inclusion of scalar relativistic effects. Among the eleven electronic states included in this work, only three (the X-1 Sigma(+), D-1 Sigma(+), and E-1 Pi states) have been investigated experimentally. Potential energy curves, spectroscopic constants, dipole moments, binding energies, and chemical bonding aspects are presented for all electronic states.

Attractive Work Process

Many companies both in Sweden and other parts of the world are since the beginning of the 21st century faceing a lack of work force (1,2,3). The ability to recruit and retain skilled employees is seen as one of the most important questions for the survival and development of the companies (4,5). Labour shortage is seen as the biggest obstacle for expansion for small enterprises in Sweden (5). There is a need for workplaces to be attractive, but how can the attractiveness be increased? Researchers at Högskolan Dalarna have during almost a decennium conducted research concerning attractive work. Based on a modell of qualities that contributes to make a work attractive (6) has a method aiming for raised attractiveness been developed for SME:s. All employees participate by answering a questionnaire about the importance of different qualities and to what degree they are fulfilled. Further discussions at the workplace on what to preserve and what to develop make the base for an action plan.Important experiences:• Discuss and establish the aim of the method with management and employees. • The company must be prepared to follow up and realize the action plan.• Agree about expectations – they must be realistic and practicable.• Reserve time to start the process and to end up in an action plan. • Avoid negative thinking and put problems away. • Take all the time small steps in the right direction.• Keep employees engaged and avoid the manager or process leader to take the command.• Use the strategy with small work groups; it gives better possibilities for participation and outspokenness.• Follow up studies are necessary to keep up the motivation.The most positive aspects of the method is its promoting perspective and that it engages all the employees.1.Rauhut, D. (2002). Arbetskraftsbrist och arbetskraftsinvandring: hot eller möjlighet för ekonomisk tillväxt? Östersund, ITPS, Institutet för tillväxtpolitiska studier.2.Funch, M. and C. Ehrnooth. (2008, 08-10-2008). Labour shortage despite financial crisis? Retrieved 2008-12-16, 2008, from www.norden.org/webb/news/news.asp?id=8113&lang=6. 3.Manpower (2008). Talent Shortage Survey 2008 Global Results: 10. 4.Bakker, A. B. and W. B. Schaufeli (2008). Positive organizational behavior: Engaged employees in flourishing organizations. Journal of Organizational Behavior 29: 147-154.5.Kennemar, J. and L. Jagrén (2008). Småföretagsbarometern. Stockholm, Swedbank Företagarna: 23.6.Åteg, M., A. Hedlund, et al. (2004). Attraktivt arbete. Från anställdas uttalanden till skapandet av en modell. Stockholm, Arbetslivsinstitutet.

Efeitos hidrostáticos e da posição do indivíduo na tensão arterial e freqüência cardíaca

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar as alterações de freqüência cardíaca ( FC) e tensão arterial ( TA) em terra(TER) e na água, com a face emersa (AFE) e submersa (AFS), em diferentes posições. Participaram deste estudo dez homens (idade média de 22,6 anos; d.p. = 2,67) e dez mulheres, com média de idade de 21,1 anos (d.p. = 1,97). A TA foi medida por auscultação com um esfigmomanômetro adaptado e a FC por auscultação, com contagem dos batimentos num período de 30s. As medidas em terra foram realizadas nas posições supina (SUP), sentada (SENT) e ortostática (ORTOS) com dois minutos de intervalo entre as posições, sendo o mesmo procedimento repetido com os sujeitos na AFE AFS. O nível de significância em todos os casos foi de 5%. Em terra, comparando-se a FC nas diferentes posições constatou-se uma diminuição significativa da posição ORTO para SENT e da ORTO para SUP em ambos sexos, e também da SENT para SUP para as mulheres. Na AFE, comparando-se a FC em diferentes posições, constatou-se uma diminuição significativa da ORTO para a SUP em ambos os sexos e da SENT para SUP para as mulheres. Na AFS, constatou-se uma diminuição significativa da ORTO para SENT e ORTO para SUP para os homens e da SENT para SUP entre mulheres. Comparando-se a FC mantendo-se a posição e variando-se o meio constatou-se o seguinte. Na posição ORTO houve diminuição significativa da TER para AFE e AFS, para ambos os sexos e de AFE para AFS nos homens Na posição SENT, houve diminuição da TER para AFE e AFS, somente para as mulheres. Na SUP, houve diminuição da TER para AFE e desta para AFS, somente para as mulheres. Na TAM, mantendo-se a posição ORTO e variando-se o meio houve uma diminuição significativa da TER para AFE e AFS em ambos os sexos. Mantendo-se a posição SENT e a SUP, houve diminuição significativa entre TER e AFE, AFS apenas para os homens. Nos resultados a TAM, mantendo-se o meio e variando-se as posições não houve diferença significativa.

Comunidades de tripes (Insecta : Thysanoptera) em flores e ramos, com ênfase em Asteraceae no Parque Estadual de Itapuã, Viamão, RS

A ordem Thysanoptera reúne cerca de 5.500 espécies descritas, das quais, mais de 2.000 estão registradas para a região Neotropical. Apesar da grande diversidade de tripes existente no Brasil - que engloba quase 10% das espécies do mundo inteiro - há uma lacuna no conhecimento dessa fauna em ambientes naturais e de sua biologia e ecologia. Os poucos estudos já realizados sugerem que a família Asteraceae apresenta uma tisanopterofauna mais rica que as demais e que flores e ramos são utilizados diferencialmente pelas espécies de tripes. Este estudo objetivou contribuir para o levantamento da tisanopterofauna nativa e averiguar a flora explorada por estes insetos, quanto à utilização de flores e ramos e sua ocorrência em Asteraceae e outras famílias. A área de estudo foi o Parque Estadual de Itapuã (PEI), Viamão (50º 50’- 51º 05’W e 30º 20’- 30º 27’ S), RS. Quatro saídas de campo foram realizadas de junho de 2003 a abril de 2004. Foram determinadas três trilhas de aproximadamente 500 m em diferentes tipos de vegetação. As trilhas estabelecidas foram a da praia da Pedreira (TP) (mata baixa e vegetação rupestre), a do morro do Araçá (TA) (vegetação rupestre, vassourais e mata baixa) e a do morro da Grota (TG) (vegetação rupestre, butiazais e vassourais). Cada uma destas foi dividida em quatro subáreas, de igual extensão. A cada saída foram sorteadas duas destas subáreas, nas quais foram amostrados aleatoriamente três indivíduos de Asteraceae e três de qualquer outra família. De cada indivíduo era retirado um ramo com flores (F) e um sem flores (R). Cada ramo escolhido constituiu uma unidade amostral (UA). Para o total de 279 UAs, foram coletados 1.695 indivíduos - 870 adultos (583 ♀ e 287 ♂) e 825 larvas - de 31 espécies de Thysanoptera, em 19 gêneros e três famílias. Os Terebrantia representaram mais de 90% dos adultos e 76% dos imaturos coletados e compreenderam a maioria das espécies (26). Dentre as famílias, a mais rica e abundante foi Thripidae, com 757 indivíduos e 23 espécies. Frankliniella (9 spp.), Heterothrips (3 spp.) e Neohydatothrips (3 spp.), foram os gêneros mais ricos. Frankliniella foi também o mais abundante, perfazendo cerca de 64% do total da amostra. Os tisanópteros mais comuns foram Frankliniella rodeos e Paraleucothrips minusculus Johansen, 1983, com 363 e 92 indivíduos coletados. Os Índices de Shannon-Wiener (H’) e de dominância de Simpson (D) estimados para a tisanopterofauna do PEI foram de 2,19 e 0,211, respectivamente. Foram coletados 690 adultos e 572 larvas de tripes em F, distribuídos em 29 espécies. Já em R foram capturados 180 adultos e 253 imaturos, sendo registradas 22 espécies. O Índice de Shannon-Wiener aponta uma maior diversidade em R (H’ = 2,33) do que em F (H’ = 2,01), pois a dominância foi notadamente maior em F (D = 0,255) do que em R (D = 0,133) devido a grande abundância de Frankliniella spp. nos mesmos. Em 46 das 61 espécies vegetais coletadas foi constatada a presença de tisanópteros. Entre as famílias de plantas com maior número de espécies associadas com tripes, destacam-se Asteraceae (22), Myrtaceae (4) e Rubiaceae (4). Das 31 espécies de tripes identificadas, 19 ocorrem em Asteraceae e quatro foram registradas exclusivamente nesta família. Observou-se diferenças marcantes nos valores de H’ e D entre a tisanopterofauna habitante de asteráceas (H’ = 1,68; D = 0,311) e aquela das demais famílias (H’ = 2,11; D = 0,178).

Influência de um programa de intervenção motora inclusiva no desenvolvimento motor e social de crianças com atrasos motores

O objetivo desta pesquisa, de delineamento quase-experimental, foi verificar a influência de um Programa de Intervenção Motora Inclusiva (PIMI) no desenvolvimento motor (DM) e social (DS) de crianças, portadoras (PNEE) e não portadoras de necessidades educacionais especiais (n-PNEE), com atrasos motores. A amostra desta pesquisa foi não probabilística, intencional, composta por 76 crianças (43 meninos e 33 meninas), com idades de 4 a 10 anos (M=7,00, DP=1,44), sendo 24 (31,6%) crianças PNEE e 52 (68,4%) crianças n-PNEE, que apresentaram desempenho motores inferiores a seus pares, configurando atrasos motores, avaliados por meio do Test of Gross Motor Development- 2 (TGMD-2) (ULRICH, 2000). Trinta e cinco crianças constituíram o Grupo de Intervenção (GI) e quarenta e uma crianças constituíram o Grupo Controle (GC). Para a avaliação do DM das crianças dos grupos foi utilizado o TGMD-2 e para a avaliação do DS das crianças do GI foi utilizado a estrutura de Níveis de Responsabilidade Social e Pessoal (HELLISON, 2003). O PIMI foi desenvolvido em 14 semanas, implementando os princípios do Contexto Motivacional para a Maestria e os pressupostos da estrutura TARGET. General Linear Model com medidas repetidas no fator tempo foi conduzida para avaliar os efeitos do PIMI no DM das crianças. Para a análise do DS foi utilizado o teste de Friedman. Os resultados indicaram que (1) crianças, PNEE e n- PNEE, do GI demonstraram ganhos significantes em habilidades de locomoção e de controle de objeto do pré-teste para o pós-teste, enquanto que para as crianças, PNEE e n-PNEE, do GC mudanças significativas não foram encontradas, (2) crianças, PNEE e n-PNEE, do GI demonstraram desempenho significantemente superior em habilidades de locomoção e de controle de objeto comparadas as crianças, PNEE e n-PNEE, do GC no pós-teste, (3) crianças PNEE, do GI, demonstraram padrões de mudanças positivas e significativas do pré-teste para o pós-teste nas habilidades de locomoção e de controle de objeto semelhantes aos seus pares n-PNE do mesmo grupo, (4) crianças PNEE, do GI, demonstraram no pós-teste desempenho significantemente superior nas habilidades de locomoção e controle de objetos comparadas aos seus pares PNEE do GC, (5) crianças n-PNEE, do GI, demonstraram no pós-teste desempenho significantemente superior nas habilidades de locomoção e de controle de objeto comparadas aos seus pares n-PNEE do GC, (6) crianças, PNEE e n-PNEE, do GI, demonstraram mudanças positivas e significativas no DS no contexto de aprendizagem por meio da conquista de níveis de responsabilidade social e pessoal mais elevados, no decorrer do PIMI, (7) crianças PNEE, do GI, demonstraram padrões de mudanças positivas e significativas no DS semelhantes aos seus pares n-PNEE do mesmo grupo. E mais, a implementação do Contexto Motivacional para a Maestria possibilitou a participação cooperativa e efetiva de todas as crianças indiferentemente dos níveis de habilidade motora.