A representação social dos professores da prática do letramento na educação infantil do município de Lagoa do Carro

Este estudo buscou analisar a Representação Social dos professores da prática do letramento na Educação Infantil; relacionar as representações sociais acerca do letramento da educação infantil e inovação pedagógica e identificar se essas representações orientam suas práticas em prol da construção do conhecimento da criança através da prática do letramento. O referencial orientador da investigação é a Teoria das Representações Sociais de Serge Moscovici. Assim como vários estudiosos do Letramento e Inovação Pedagógica, o objeto deste estudo foram tomados como referências no intuito de compreender a representação da relação entre a teoria e a prática bem como implicações para uma inovação pedagógica. No percurso metodológico, optou-se por uma abordagem qualitativa, por trazer uma descrição dos fenômenos apresentados no contexto, e que, de acordo Minayo (2001), nas Ciências Sociais, ocupa-se com um nível de realidade que não pode ser quantificado, por conseguinte trabalhando com o universo de significados, aspirações, motivos, valores, crenças e atitudes. O campo da pesquisa configurou-se em duas escolas da Rede Pública Municipal da cidade de Lagoa do Carro – Pernambuco/Brasil. Os participantes foram quarenta e quatro sujeitos entre eles trinta e cinco professores, quatro supervisores e cinco coordenadores pedagógicos. Os instrumentos utilizados para coleta e geração dos dados foram questionário, entrevista semi-estruturada e observação participante, os quais foram tratados pela análise de conteúdo proposto por Bardin (2010). Os resultados do estudo apontaram para a compreensão de uma prática que tem no letramento uma representação social de ser um processo de aquisição de leitura e escrita, tendo como inovação a utilização de métodos ou técnicas, revelando que o processo de formação não atingiu os aspectos necessários para caracterizar uma prática educativa inovadora em que o papel do professor seria de propor ambientes favoráveis a uma aprendizagem atuando como mediador e ao mesmo tempo de ser um aprendiz ao considerar a capacidade de reflexão apresentado pelas crianças, diferenciando de um paradigma fabril que persiste na organização tradicional das escolas.

Ações afirmativas como prática de inovação pedagógica : a experiência da escola da comunidade Quilombola Onze Negras, no Cabo de Santo Agostinho-PE

O presente estudo teve por objetivo verificar se a implementação das ações afirmativas que interferem favoravelmente no processo de aprendizagem e na construção da identidade das crianças e jovens da comunidade Quilombola Onze Negras, podem ser entendidas como instrumento de Inovação Pedagógica. Para isso, inicialmente, embasamos teoricamente este estudo através da compreensão do conceito de ações afirmativas, e realizamos um resgate histórico das lutas empreendidas pelos negros no Brasil, tendo por foco a formação das comunidades quilombolas e a identidade dos negros brasileiros. Na sequência, as incursões à comunidade em estudo, a observação das suas vivências e a realização de inquéritos e entrevistas, dentro e fora da escola, permitiram-nos permear as nossas reflexões acerca deste contexto. Assim, a base metodológica utilizada nesta investigação foi a etnopesquisa crítica de natureza descritivo-exploratória e de abordagem qualitativa, cujos instrumentos utilizados foram a observação participante, a entrevista semi estruturada e o questionário. Os dados recolhidos possibilitaram-nos descrever, interpretar, compreender e analisar as ações cotidianas de nossos atores em seu ambiente natural, e, deste modo, concluir que as ações afirmativas realizadas no seu interior e mais especificamente na escola da comunidade Onze Negras, proporcionando um fortalecimento da identidade negra, podem ser vistas como instrumento de inovação pedagógica.

Avaliação de desempenho dos treinadores: práticas e implicações no contexto da gestão dos clubes desportivos

O estudo tem por objetivo descrever e compreender o processo de avaliação de desempenho dos treinadores de desporto. Especificamente, procura-se aferir se a definição dos objetivos de trabalho, o escalão etário dos atletas, o nível competitivo, a situação contratual e a atribuição de prémios se relacionam com o facto de os treinadores serem ou não avaliados. Pretende-se ainda verificar se existe uma diferenciação dos critérios de avaliação de desempenho em função do nível competitivo em que o treinador atua e do escalão etário dos atletas. A metodologia de investigação foi alicerçada nos paradigmas interpretativo e positivista. Primeiramente, entrevistaram-se os responsáveis pela avaliação de desempenho de nove clubes desportivos da Madeira. Posteriormente, aplicou-se um questionário anónimo a 223 treinadores, sendo que os dados obtidos foram tratados com recurso à análise fatorial, ao teste T-Student, ao teste do Qui-Quadrado e à ANOVA. Os resultados descritivos dos grupos mostram que a avaliação de desempenho é uma prática pouco estruturada e assumida no âmbito gestão dos clubes. Com efeito, apresenta falhas ao nível da definição de instrumentos/critérios de avaliação e do feedback de desempenho. Os resultados da análise inferencial mostram que a definição dos objetivos, a situação contratual dos treinadores e a atribuição de prémios estão positivamente relacionados com a valorização da avaliação de desempenho. Os resultados revelam ainda a inexistência de uma distinção entre os critérios de avaliação dos treinadores que trabalham com atletas de diferentes escalões, à exceção dos resultados desportivos que foram mais valorizados para os treinadores de seniores. É de salientar ainda que foi entre os treinadores de atletas de nível nacional/internacional que se verificou maior valorização de critérios relacionados com a competição, nomeadamente: os resultados desportivos, as competências de planeamento, de formação dos atletas, de liderança e de scouting. Finalmente, deste estudo emerge a necessidade de um ajustamento entre o contexto em que o treinador atua e os critérios de avaliação do desempenho e de novas linhas de investigação, a fim de analisar a influência da avaliação de desempenho na eficiência e eficácia do treinador.

Avaliação, portfólio e inovação pedagógica

A pesquisa em pauta teve como seu principal objetivo investigar de forma compreensiva o portfólio como uma inovação pedagógica no contexto social e cultural do colégio da Policia Militar Diva Portela na cidade de Feira de Santana-BA. Ressalta os aspectos ligados à aprendizagem dos discentes diante deste dispositivo avaliativo portfólio e sua eficácia enquanto norteador do trabalho escolar. Procura ainda identificar as características do portfólio e sua característica enquanto elemento documental da trajetória dos estudantes ou das comunidades colaborativas no que tange à sua aprendizagem. Explicita também aspectos comuns às comunidades colaborativas, a partir do momento em que se estudou esta proposta de inovação pedagógica através do trabalho constante em pequenos grupos em processo de colaboração. Para tanto, dialogamos principalmente com os seguintes teóricos: Vygotsky, Piaget, Papert, Freire, Luckesi, Villas Boas, Fino, Sousa, Guber, Macedo e Demo. Optamos pela pesquisa qualitativa e pelo método etnográfico, onde utilizamos a observação, relatos, a entrevista semi-estruturada e não-estruturada. Ao desenvolver este trabalho com vistas a uma inovação pedagógica, espera-se ampliar as possibilidades de aprimorar a metodologia e o trabalho escolar, à medida que docente e discente participam ativamente da construção da sua construção do conhecimento e sua formação a partir de uma perspectiva processualista, característica fundante do portfólio.

Lactação materna: a contribuição do pai

BRITO, Rosineide Santana de; ENDERS, Bertha Cruz; SOARES, Verônica Guedes. Lactação materna: a contribuição do pai. Revista Baiana de Enfermagem, Salvador, v.19/20,n.1-3, p.105-112, jan./dez. 2004,jan./dez. 2005.

Marketing de relacionamento em um provedor de internet: um estudo comparativo que considera a visão gerencial e a percepção dos clientes

The current paper aims at analyzing customer retention in Internet provider services. For this study, we sought to understand what are the client's expectations regarding the services available and compare them with management perception in relation to the use of those services. Identifying the coherence level between the two points of view, management and client, it is possible to pinpoint how service is assessed in real conditions. Then, from this point on, a new vision can be implemented on available services, and new customer service strategies aiming at best serving to their expectation and need, can be rethought. The exploratory research was utilized. It was based on case study, and quantitative and qualitative methods were used. The quantitative method was done by applying the cluster technique with six variables of control derived from the six main services, whose definition was done through qualitative survey of the internal management team. Then, an structured interview with 443 clients, from a probabilistic sample of 800 costumers. The total number of active clients of the internet provider is of 10.677. Client perception in relation to services varied, if compared with the four services that were under the managerial metric method, this comparison showed a more positive evaluation than the real use of the service. Thus, it was observed that the value of each service available for the client depends on his/her perception of it, regardless of using or not the offered service. As a result, it is possible to understand which services offered by the company under study effectively contribute to a good client-company relationship, and the upkeep of those clients

O uso do móbile marketing como estratégia de fidelização de clientes :um estudo e empresas do setor de comércio e serviços em natal-RN

This study aims to understand the effects of the mobile marketing use as a relationships tool for companies that operate locally, because of the lack of information about this new marketing tool, as well as the scarcity of studies in this area. This is an exploratory and qualitatively study, based on primary sources, raised through books, articles in the marketing area and the telecommunications industry organs as well as secondary sources. With the purpose to look into the issue, a semi-structured interview is made with the companies managers of the sectors of trade and services in Natal-RN. The advances in technology allow an important discussion focused on the marketing in the new communication technologies scenario. It appears that the mobile marketing adoption and use by local companies is already a reality and companies are awake to changes and technological innovations accessible, especially the mobile telephony as well as convergence with other media. There is, however, that the use of technologies offered by mobile marketing is still limited to the sending of text messages (SMS), despite the numerous possibilities of it use. Moreover, the results obtained with mobile marketing use show that companies can identify them, but there is no effective monitoring in quantity and financial terms. Only affect sales growth and support for progress in loyalty with customers. It shows up that the mentality of not measuring the results still in the plan of changes and technological innovations. The data allow saying that the mobile marketing is a reality, however has not yet signed as a tool for carrying out campaigns and marketing tool for loyalty of customers, despite presenting a wide range of possibilities to streamline and make more effective the marketing businesses process

O idoso e as ações sociais em prol desse grupo etário: um estudo sobre a qualidade de vida na Terceira Idade e o Projeto Saúde e Cidadania na Melhor Idade

The present study regards an applied qualitative social research (descriptive) which approaches the matter between old age and Brazilian social actions performed in social projects, aiming a qualified life and citizenship for this group of age. The objective of the study is to evaluate the contribution of Project Health and Citizenship in Old Age regarding social actions from the government directed to old age individual treatment for life quality improvement. The theoretical fundamentals of this work is, in a first moment, about old age and certain existing theories about aging process, as well as the differences and perspectives that come up throughout this process. In a second moment, some reflections are developed about the relation between life quality and leisure regarding old age, with the conception and historical rescue about these questions, as well as the evidence of leisure as an instrument of well-being feasibility and a better life quality in old age. Then the study contextualizes Brazilian government treatment to old age individuals, cutting off the Constitution of Republic from 1988 and some social attitudes taken by the government in a try to reach this specific group. Finally, the study presents the Project Health and Citizenship in Old Age , as a social program which belongs to extension activities from Federal Center of Technological Education of Rio Grande do Norte (CEFET-RN), which aims old age treatment and their citizenship and life quality. After the application of a semi-structured interview using the technique of Analysis of content for the Analysis and Discussion of Results, it is possible to conclude that the Project Health and Citizenship in Old Age fulfils its objective regarding contribution, through offered leisure activities, for old age well-being and life quality improvement. Hence, on this regard, it is possible to observe the importance and value of government actions, social projects and programs assisting old age individuals, for they are able to provide this group the opportunity to live out activities that allow their citizenship and socialization, regarding well-being and life quality improvement.

Estratégias internacionais da fruticultura do RN: o caso finobrasa processo e evolução

The present inquiry has as main objective to understand the process of formation of the international strategies of the exporting companies of fruits of the RN through the theory of the resource dependence. Aiming at to clarify as the companies they can carry through the process of internationalization through this theory had been study the behavior and economic theories of the process of internationalization of companies. Amongst the economic theories they are distinguished the eclectic paradigm of Dunning (1958), Vernon (1669) through the theory of the cycle of the product and Bucley and Casson (1979) with the theory of the international operations. In the mannering boarding they had been investigated the school of Upsala through Johanson and Valnhe (1977) with the concept of the increasing of the markets and in the distance psychic starts and the interaction of the purchaser-salesman of Hallen and Wiedersheim-Paul (1979). In this perspective it observes main the occured changes in the organization in function of this process, following the rules observed by the gradual ingression in the international market, having as base ways of entrances in the external market used by these companies, in view of the frist phase that the company presents of businesses. Ahead of you analyze of these theories the study searches to analyze the convergence of the concepts proclaimed for the theory of the dependence of resources (PFEFFER; SALANCIK, 1978). and strategies of internationalization of the companies. The research is characterized as qualitative case study which adopts and exploratory and analytical type, retrospective matrix. The adopted strategy is of case study and the unit of analysis consisting of the Finobrasa, pertaining company to the Vicunha Group. The main method of collection of data was halfstructuralized interview allied the documentary research that together had presented an empirical perspective of the internationalization process. The analysis and quarrel of the results understand the description and the interpretation of the one of the information through the technique of analyzes of content. Initially the historical of the exportation of fruits of the Rio Grande do Norte with the focus in the region Açu/Mossoró is presented and after that the information of the Finobrasa are presented as base of the study. The main events are identified that had constituted the phases of the strategical model of the company. It was observed that the dimensions most excellent amongst those proclaimed by the School of Uppsala had been the learning, staffs and the step-starts is sufficiently gifts in the reality of the company, as well as the aspects of strategical alliances since the consolidated relationship of the Vicunha Group create a more solid trajectory in the international market allied the conditions created windows of marked . One understands, therefore, that the investigated process still has base the theoretical theories of the internationalization strategies corroborating for the theoretical convergence of the rules proclaimed for the theory of the dependence of resources.

Percepções das relações entre trabalho remunerado e trabalho voluntário: um estudo com voluntários da pastoral da criança

O trabalho é uma atividade de fundamental importância na vida do homem porque é uma condição essencial para sua existência social. Ao longo do tempo o trabalho teve diversas definições e significados, mas na atualidade pode-se dizer que ele sintetiza e satisfaz três necessidades essenciais da natureza humana, a necessidade de subsistir (função econômica), a de criar (função psicológica) e a de colaborar (função social). Nesse contexto a presente pesquisa objetivou compreender as relações estabelecidas entre os trabalhos remunerado e voluntário, na perspectiva de identificar os aspectos convergentes e divergentes dessas atividades, que possam explicar a permanência dos sujeitos nas duas dimensões laborais e ao mesmo tempo entender qual a importância e reflexo que ambas as atividades têm na vida dos entrevistados. Como instrumento de coleta de dados foi utilizado a entrevista semi-estruturada do tipo focalizada. Foram entrevistados nove líderes da Pastoral da Criança no mês de dezembro de 2009 na cidade de Natal/RN. Os dados foram interpretados à luz da análise de conteúdo, proposta por Bardin. Os principais resultados encontrados quanto aos aspectos convergentes do trabalho remunerado foram a importância do salário para prover a sobrevivência, convivência com as pessoas e troca de experiência além do valor do trabalho para manter a dignidade do homem. Os pontos divergentes enquadraram: trabalho como obrigação, competitividade no ambiente laboral e baixa remuneração. Quanto ao trabalho voluntário, os aspectos convergentes emergidos foram a realização pessoal, a solidariedade, o envolvimento com a causa da Pastoral, valorização das coisas que possui diante de outras realidades mais difíceis, reconhecimento e prestígio dos voluntários pelas famílias assistidas, e por fim a visão do trabalho voluntário como complementação da vida. Com relação aos pontos divergentes foram citados a falta de comprometimento de alguns voluntários, bem como a necessidade de adesão de novas pessoas à este tipo de trabalho, limitação de querer fazer mais e não poder, exigências do público assistido e imagem distorcida da missão da Pastoral da Criança por parte das famílias, além da constatação dos níveis de pobreza e injustiça social que geram desigualdades as mais diversas. Sobre os aspectos marcantes para a permanência dos sujeitos nas duas esferas de trabalho, o amor, a dedicação, a realização pessoal foram os motivos mais apontados. Nas relações entre os dois trabalhos, as transferências de valores aparecem como recíprocas e naturais, sendo aproveitados para estabelecê-las o que cada atividade laboral apresenta de melhor. Conclui-se que o altruísmo, a solidariedade, a generosidade, o acolhimento, a paz espiritual, o bem-estar e sobretudo o amor, são sentimentos que sustentam e confortam o homem, cujas relações aparecem de forma expressiva nas falas dos entrevistados e permeando todo o decorrer da pesquisa.

Política pública para o idoso : um estudo da cidadania no grupo cabelos de neve do programa conviver em Campina Grande-PB

The main objective of the study about the citizenship development in elderly attended by the Conviver Program of the City Hall of Campina Grande in Paraiba, Brazil was to evaluate how the actions of the Program contribute for the citizenship practice according to the users. The Citizenship analyzed is the existence of political, civil and social rights according to Marshall. For that it was utilized a descriptive research and a study of case based on technical procedure. The research was settled by the people who are benefited by the Conviver Program of the Snow Hair Group and the sample was formed by the active participants that it is in the Group for over ten years, corresponding to a total of ten elderly. For the data collection was utilized basic questionnaire in function of the low schooling of the interviewed, according to Marshall (2002) theory about the citizenship construction from each person. It was utilized the methodological procedure proposed by Bardin (2006), categorical analysis, in the qualitative data analysis, that was divided in four parts. In relation to Political Rights, noted that the program has stimulated your Watched on the exercise of voting and being voted. On the Civil Rights was observed that the Program has given incentive to actions which provide the users the justice rights in and in occupational activities as a job. In relation to Social Rights it was observed that the Conviver Program has contributed in order that its users can lead their lives according to the standards imposed by the society, which have being failed in the education area. As for the type of citizenship it was verified that the Program has given incentive to the served users, becoming more evidence on the speech basis

Estrutura de organizações sociais: adaptação aos projetos sociais ou às pressões institucionais?

This is a study concerning in the structure of non governmental organizations, based on the institutional theory. It aims to understand the relation among structure, social projects and environmental influences, analyzing if there is coherence with project social or expresses adaptation to the institutional pressures of the environment. It introduces as theoretical support for the themes, studies about institutional theory and social structure. The research is descriptive and exploratory; it also applies to a study of case, based on the technical procedures. From the research universe, that was compound by non governmental organizations from Natal, RN, Brasil, it was chosen the Casa Renascer, a non governmental organization that works with the combat to the violence and sexual exploration of children and teenagers. The data collection process employed includes documental research, observations and semi structured research devices, guided by the organizational process proposed by Serva (1996) and by the institutional theory. The collected data were qualitatively treated. The analysis was divided into three parts, following the research matters. The social project characterization demonstrated that the organization went by three main phases. The first one, characterized by focus in women and girls education and health; the second shows the emphasis on girls in social risk situation, with preventive approach; and the last one, characterized by victims assistance of violence and sexual exploration. From the analysis using the institutional theory mechanisms, the results showed that exists coherence between structure and environmental influences, but a weak coherence between structure and social projects. It indicates as main determinant of the structure, an aspect forgotten by the institutional theory, the power. It was observed the presence from normative, coercive and mimetic mechanisms, highlighting normative influences

Economia solidária e relações de gênero na agricultura familiar: o caso do grupo produtivo mulheres decididas a vencer

The Women s experiences in the private sphere under the work s field changes the family relationship allowing them more freedom, autonomy and independence. The inequalities, socially built, homemade women s obligations results in discrimination, difficult to insert and recovery on female s job in a job s market, including low salary if compared with men s and difficult to services access in addiction a difficult daily life and in domestic sphere. The women s organisation in productive groups or economically solidary enterprises (ESE) torn possible the social economically organisations and politicians to promote deep changes in a domestically e socially relationship, positioning, for example, women s in publics areas and in the rout of emancipation. The objective of this search are understand men and women relationship in the family agriculture s field starts insert women in economically solidary enterprises (ESE) on Mulunguzinho s settlement (Mossoró/RN). The theoretical framework is inspirited Economical Solidary concept kind division s job and women s empowerment. This search had a qualitative character and exploration through case s study on Mulheres decididas a vencer s group. The secondary information was create through theoretical framework and information collected through semi-structured interviews based in interviews applied for women and yours respective husbands by criterion for women participation on productive activities of beekeeping culture of goat and sheep. This study turns possible conclude that the women s participations in productive groups in solidary economical change significantly their life and their family life. The group s organisations process, the training was received, the collective production, the marketing and the mobilized participation to move it all was fundamental for women share with their families partners some homemade and take care with the children. This finding confirm a different aspect not economical in solidary economy overcoming the monetary value in associative relationship observing principally individuals well-being and the concern with the form of reproduction this way of life in the associated

Percepção ambiental do patrimônio cultural: estudo de caso na Cidade Alta e Ribeira em Natal-RN

Contemporary studies have shown that the evolution of the heritage concepts is accompanied by an affirmation of the importance of social participation in recognizing heritage values and in managing cultural assets. We used the Brazilian context to emphasize the challenges for democratizing this process. This problematic is discussed based on the cases of Cidade Altaand Ribeira, neighborhoods that date from the formation of Natal-RNand have cultural assets recognized by levels of government. The study builds elements to answer the research question: what meanings and representations does the culturalheritage in the case study have for its users? The research method analyzes the representations and the meanings of the neighborhoods, firstly is based on historiographical studies, memories records of the city and on the process of heritage management. Secondly, it isbased on the field research, it is structured in environmental perception studies (areas of Environmental Psychology, Architecture and Urbanism) and has been applied with users with different bonds with the studied environment (residents, workers and visitors). The data were obtained with the multi-method which included direct observation, questionnaire survey and mentalmaps (that replicate Kevin Lynch). The analysis of result verified the research hypothesis, emphasizing aspects of the relationship between users and cultural heritage relevant to strengthening collective memory, local identity, contributing to heritage management. Among the results, the socio-environmental image obtained which emphasized a "cultural axis" linkingboth studied neighborhoods and confirms the influences of elements rein the memories records of the city and in the area s management. Identified aspects to strengthen the relationship between the users and cultural assets, such as the presence of placeswith affective ties to certain groups, as well as the need to fight off negative images (of degradation and insecurity) associated to the site and also expand the participation of the population, including residents, in policies and cultural activities. After all, recognition of value and the involvement of societycultural assets have the potential of contribute to integrate city development with heritage conservation

Interface cena e tecnologia : composições cênicas mediadas

Based on the presupposition that the arts in the West always counted on resources, supports, and devices pertaining to its time context, an reflection is intended regarding the scenic compositions mediated by digital technologies do. Such technologies are inserted in the daily routine, also composing artistic experiments, thus playing a dialogical role with the art/technology intersection. Therefore, the proposal is to investigate what relationships are established in the contemporary theatrical scene from the contagion by digital technologies, aiming at establishing this parallel through a dialogue with the authors discussing the subject, and also based on the group practices having technological resources as a determinant factor in their plays. Furthermore, a reflection should be made on the scene that incorporates or is carried out in intermediatic events, analyzing how digital technologies (re)configure compositional processes of the plays by GAG Phila7, in the city of São Paulo/SP. For such, the dissertation is organized in three sections comprising four moments, to wit: brief overview of the field, contextualization, poetic analysis and synthesis. Qualitative methods are used as the methodological proposal: semi-structure interview, note and document taking (program, website, playing book, disclosure material for advertising text, photographs, and videos). Within the universe of qualitative research, it works with the epistemological perspective of the Gadamer philosophical hermeneutics. The possibilities allowed by the double virtual (Internet/web) generated a type of theater with another material basis and new forms of organization and structure, being possible to perceive that such technological advances and the arts are mutually contaminated, generating a dislocation in the logics of theatrical composition, movement beginning with the artistic vanguards, gradually intensified, thus offering new possibilities of constructions and hybridization of the of the most different possible types. Experiment ―Profanações_superfície de eventos de construção coletiva‖, idealized by Phila7 is inserted in this perspective. Object of the discussion of such research, the experiment works with possible poetics arising from the intersection with the digital technologies, aiming at identifying and problematizing the challenges from the technological evolution and expansion in a scenic context