Acción política y participación de las y los jóvenes de escuelas secundarias de la ciudad de La Plata

Esta investigación sobre la relación que establecen los jóvenes con la política busca interpretar analíticamente las formas a través de las cuales las y los estudiantes secundarios de la ciudad de La Plata participan políticamente. Desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX diversos estudios provenientes de campos como la sociología, la antropología y la teoría política, colocaron en el centro del debate teórico dimensiones clásicas del análisis de lo social (el Estado, las esferas pública y privada, lo político). Allí aparece una nueva problemática en torno del lazo social y la pluralidad de formas que asume la acción política. En ese contexto, emergen preguntas sobre las acciones políticas de jóvenes escolarizados y su relación con el contexto de surgimiento. E0ste análisis brindará elementos interesantes a partir de los cuales realizar una lectura epocal que recupere las formas y sentidos bajo los cuales las y los jóvenes desarrollan en la actualidad la acción política. El propósito de esta investigación es conocer e interpretar las formas que asume hoy la acción política juvenil estudiantil en la ciudad de La Plata, en torno a qué contenidos e intereses participan, bajo que formatos, cuáles son los territorios y estrategias que despliegan. Se utilizan tres categorías para describir las prácticas más características que se encuentran en nuestro campo: trayectorias de participación, enfoque de derechos humanos y performance. Por último, la investigación busca comprender las posibles variaciones de prácticas de acción política en función de las propuestas de escolarización de la que participan como alumnas y alumnos de escuelas secundarias

Acción política y participación de las y los jóvenes de escuelas secundarias de la ciudad de La Plata

Esta investigación sobre la relación que establecen los jóvenes con la política busca interpretar analíticamente las formas a través de las cuales las y los estudiantes secundarios de la ciudad de La Plata participan políticamente. Desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX diversos estudios provenientes de campos como la sociología, la antropología y la teoría política, colocaron en el centro del debate teórico dimensiones clásicas del análisis de lo social (el Estado, las esferas pública y privada, lo político). Allí aparece una nueva problemática en torno del lazo social y la pluralidad de formas que asume la acción política. En ese contexto, emergen preguntas sobre las acciones políticas de jóvenes escolarizados y su relación con el contexto de surgimiento. E0ste análisis brindará elementos interesantes a partir de los cuales realizar una lectura epocal que recupere las formas y sentidos bajo los cuales las y los jóvenes desarrollan en la actualidad la acción política. El propósito de esta investigación es conocer e interpretar las formas que asume hoy la acción política juvenil estudiantil en la ciudad de La Plata, en torno a qué contenidos e intereses participan, bajo que formatos, cuáles son los territorios y estrategias que despliegan. Se utilizan tres categorías para describir las prácticas más características que se encuentran en nuestro campo: trayectorias de participación, enfoque de derechos humanos y performance. Por último, la investigación busca comprender las posibles variaciones de prácticas de acción política en función de las propuestas de escolarización de la que participan como alumnas y alumnos de escuelas secundarias

Acción política y participación de las y los jóvenes de escuelas secundarias de la ciudad de La Plata

Esta investigación sobre la relación que establecen los jóvenes con la política busca interpretar analíticamente las formas a través de las cuales las y los estudiantes secundarios de la ciudad de La Plata participan políticamente. Desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX diversos estudios provenientes de campos como la sociología, la antropología y la teoría política, colocaron en el centro del debate teórico dimensiones clásicas del análisis de lo social (el Estado, las esferas pública y privada, lo político). Allí aparece una nueva problemática en torno del lazo social y la pluralidad de formas que asume la acción política. En ese contexto, emergen preguntas sobre las acciones políticas de jóvenes escolarizados y su relación con el contexto de surgimiento. E0ste análisis brindará elementos interesantes a partir de los cuales realizar una lectura epocal que recupere las formas y sentidos bajo los cuales las y los jóvenes desarrollan en la actualidad la acción política. El propósito de esta investigación es conocer e interpretar las formas que asume hoy la acción política juvenil estudiantil en la ciudad de La Plata, en torno a qué contenidos e intereses participan, bajo que formatos, cuáles son los territorios y estrategias que despliegan. Se utilizan tres categorías para describir las prácticas más características que se encuentran en nuestro campo: trayectorias de participación, enfoque de derechos humanos y performance. Por último, la investigación busca comprender las posibles variaciones de prácticas de acción política en función de las propuestas de escolarización de la que participan como alumnas y alumnos de escuelas secundarias

Middle Eocene Fe and Ca counts, Ca/Fe ratios, revised splices and astronomical age models form different Sites of IODP Exp342

Accurate age models are a tool of utmost important in paleoclimatology. Constraining the rate and pace of past climate change are at the core of paleoclimate research, as such knowledge is crucial to our understanding of the climate system. Indeed, it allows for the disentanglement of the various drivers of climate change. The scarcity of highly resolved sedimentary records from the middle Eocene (Bartonian - Lutetian Stages; 47.8 - 37.8 Ma) has led to the existence of the "Eocene astronomical time scale gap" and hindered the establishment of a comprehensive astronomical time scale (ATS) for the entire Cenozoic. Sediments from the Newfoundland Ridge drilled during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 342 span the Eocene gap at an unprecedented stratigraphic resolution with carbonate bearing sediments. Moreover, these sediments exhibit cyclic lithological changes that allow for an astronomical calibration of geologic time. In this study, we use the dominant obliquity imprint in XRF-derived calcium-iron ratio series (Ca/Fe) from three sites drilled during IODP Expedition 342 (U1408, U1409, U1410) to construct a floating astrochronology. We then anchor this chronology to numerical geological time by tuning 173-kyr cycles in the amplitude modulation pattern of obliquity to an astronomical solution. This study is one of the first to use the 173-kyr obliquity amplitude cycle for astrochronologic purposes, as previous studies primarily use the 405-kyr long eccentricity cycle as a tuning target to calibrate the Paleogene geologic time scale. We demonstrate that the 173-kyr cycles in obliquity's amplitude are stable between 40 and 50 Ma, which means that one can use the 173-kyr cycle for astrochronologic calibration in the Eocene. Our tuning provides new age estimates for magnetochron reversals C18n.1n - C21r and a stratigraphic framework for key sites from Expedition 342 for the Eocene. Some disagreements emerge when we compare our tuning for the interval between C19r and C20r with previous tuning attempts from the South Atlantic. We therefore present a revision of the original astronomical interpretations for the latter records, so that the various astrochronologic age models for the middle Eocene in the North- and South-Atlantic are consistent.

Stable oxygen isotope ratios, calcium carbonate and opal content in late Pliocene sediments of DSDP Hole 75-532 in the Southeast Atlantic (Table 1)

Site 532 on the Walvis Ridge was sampled at 4000- to 800-year intervals from 2.24 to 2.60 Ma, spanning the three large glacial advances of the late Pliocene. An age model was created by correlating the oxygen isotope record to Site 607 with linear interpolations between tie-lines. The resultant age model differs from that in the site reports by more than 800,000 years, due to misidentification of a magnetic boundary. Sedimentation rates varied by an order of magnitude at this site, with minimum accumulation during glacial events. Interglacial intervals were charactrized by high marine production and high summer precipitation on land, while glacials had very low production and arid continental climate. During the large glacial events (Stages 96-100) conditions of low production and continental aridity reached their greatest intensity, but there is no evidence of a permanent mode shift in either marine or terrestrial records. Calcite concentration has a strong variation at obliquity frequencies, with maxima during interglacials, but occasionally shows a large amplitude at precessional frequencies as well, so that high concentrations occur in a few glacial intervals. As a result, color variation is not a reliable guide to glacial-scale cycles at this site. Composition of the phytoplankton assemblage is diverse and highly variable, and we have not been able to distinguish a clear indicator of upwelling-related production. Spectral analysis reveals obliquity and precessional signals in the pollen data, while several diatom records contain combination tones, indicating that these data represent a complicated response to both local and high-latitude forcing.

Landfill Leachate Toxicity to Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow Trout) at the Merrick Landfill

At the Merrick Landfill, located outside of North Bay (Ontario, CA), an investigation into the potential for an environmental impact to the Little Sturgeon River as a result of landfill leachate discharge was undertaken using toxicity testing using 96 hour acute lethality on Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow Trout). Landfill leachate may present a risk to receiving environments as it is comprised of an array of chemicals including organics, ammonia, and metals. Testing was conducted in three phases, firstly testing was completed on site throughout an existing natural attenuation zone where the presence of several groundwater seeps down gradient of the site had been identified to determine the effectiveness of the existing leachate control features at reducing the environmental risks. These tests indicated that the existing capture strategies were largely effective at reducing toxicity risks to the receiving environment. Testing was also completed on two pilot-scale hybrid-passive treatment systems to determine their effectiveness for leachate treatment. Summer performance of a constructed gravel wetland system was also shown to be effective at reducing the toxicity of the landfill leachate at the site. Lastly in order to support evaluation of leachate treatment requirements, a toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) was performed to determine the principle cause of toxicity within the leachate. Based on water chemistry analyses of samples collected at various locations at the site, the TIE identified ammonia toxicity as the primary source of toxicity in the leachate, with a secondary focus on metal toxicity.

The Economic Case for Electric Mining Equipment and Technical Considerations Relating to their Implementation

Underground hardrock mining can be very energy intensive and in large part this can be attributed to the power consumption of underground ventilation systems. In general, the power consumed by a mine’s ventilation system and its overall scale are closely related to the amount of diesel power in operation. This is because diesel exhaust is a major source of underground air pollution, including diesel particulate matter (DPM), NO2 and heat, and because regulations tie air volumes to diesel engines. Furthermore, assuming the size of airways remains constant, the power consumption of the main system increases exponentially with the volume of air supplied to the mine. Therefore large diesel fleets lead to increased energy consumption and can also necessitate large capital expenditures on ventilation infrastructure in order to manage power requirements. Meeting ventilation requirements for equipment in a heading can result in a similar scenario with the biggest pieces leading to higher energy consumption and potentially necessitating larger ventilation tubing and taller drifts. Depending on the climate where the mine is located, large volumes of air can have a third impact on ventilation costs if heating or cooling the air is necessary. Annual heating and cooling costs, as well as the cost of the associated infrastructure, are directly related to the volume of air sent underground. This thesis considers electric mining equipment as a means for reducing the intensity and cost of energy consumption at underground, hardrock mines. Potentially, electric equipment could greatly reduce the volume of air needed to ventilate an entire mine as well as individual headings because they do not emit many of the contaminants found in diesel exhaust and because regulations do not connect air volumes to electric motors. Because of the exponential relationship between power consumption and air volumes, this could greatly reduce the amount of power required for mine ventilation as well as the capital cost of ventilation infrastructure. As heating and cooling costs are also directly linked to air volumes, the cost and energy intensity of heating and cooling the air would also be significantly reduced. A further incentive is that powering equipment from the grid is substantially cheaper than fuelling them with diesel and can also produce far fewer GHGs. Therefore, by eliminating diesel from the underground workers will enjoy safer working conditions and operators and society at large will gain from a smaller impact on the environment. Despite their significant potential, in order to produce a credible economic assessment of electric mining equipment their impact on underground systems must be understood and considered in their evaluation. Accordingly, a good deal of this thesis reviews technical considerations related to the use of electric mining equipment, especially ones that impact the economics of their implementation. The goal of this thesis will then be to present the economic potential of implementing the equipment, as well as to outline the key inputs which are necessary to support an evaluation and to provide a model and an approach which can be used by others if the relevant information is available and acceptable assumptions can be made.

Optimal generation scheduling of interconnected wind-coal intensive power systems

Large scale wind power generation complicated with restrictions on the tie line plans may lead to significant wind power curtailment and deep cycling of coal units during the valley load periods. This study proposes a dispatch strategy for interconnected wind-coal intensive power systems (WCISs). Wind power curtailment and cycling of coal units are included in the economic dispatch analysis of regional systems. Based on the day-ahead dispatch results, a tie line power plan adjustment strategy is implemented in the event of wind power curtailment or deep cycling occurring in the economic dispatch model, with the objective of reducing such effects. The dispatch strategy is designed based on the distinctive operation characteristics of interconnected WCISs, and dispatch results for regional systems in China show that the proposed strategy is feasible and can improve the overall system operation performance.

Integrated Optimal Power Flow for Distribution Networks in Local and Urban Scales

This paper develops an integrated optimal power flow (OPF) tool for distribution networks in two spatial scales. In the local scale, the distribution network, the natural gas network, and the heat system are coordinated as a microgrid. In the urban scale, the impact of natural gas network is considered as constraints for the distribution network operation. The proposed approach incorporates unbalance three-phase electrical systems, natural gas systems, and combined cooling, heating, and power systems. The interactions among the above three energy systems are described by energy hub model combined with components capacity constraints. In order to efficiently accommodate the nonlinear constraint optimization problem, particle swarm optimization algorithm is employed to set the control variables in the OPF problem. Numerical studies indicate that by using the OPF method, the distribution network can be economically operated. Also, the tie-line power can be effectively managed.

Improved Real-time State-of-Charge Estimation of LiFePO4 Battery Based on a Novel Thermoelectric Model

Li-ion batteries have been widely used in electric vehicles, and battery internal state estimation plays an important role in the battery management system. However, it is technically challenging, in particular, for the estimation of the battery internal temperature and state-ofcharge (SOC), which are two key state variables affecting the battery performance. In this paper, a novel method is proposed for realtime simultaneous estimation of these two internal states, thus leading to a significantly improved battery model for realtime SOC estimation. To achieve this, a simplified battery thermoelectric model is firstly built, which couples a thermal submodel and an electrical submodel. The interactions between the battery thermal and electrical behaviours are captured, thus offering a comprehensive description of the battery thermal and electrical behaviour. To achieve more accurate internal state estimations, the model is trained by the simulation error minimization method, and model parameters are optimized by a hybrid optimization method combining a meta-heuristic algorithm and the least square approach. Further, timevarying model parameters under different heat dissipation conditions are considered, and a joint extended Kalman filter is used to simultaneously estimate both the battery internal states and time-varying model parameters in realtime. Experimental results based on the testing data of LiFePO4 batteries confirm the efficacy of the proposed method.

Monosyllabic Circumflexion in Lithuanian

This PhD thesis examines a phenomenon known as Monosyllabic Circumflexion (MC, hereafter) from a historical linguistics / phonological point of view. MC denotes a Lithuanian or Balto-Slavic phenomenon according to which long vowels and diphthongs in monosyllabic words exhibit a circumflex tone instead of the expected acute tone.  It is observed in the following four categories: I. 3rd person future forms of monosyllabic stems (e.g., šõks ― šókti `to jump;' vy͂s ― výti `to drive') II. reflexes of PIE root nouns (e.g., Latv. gùovs `cow;' Lith. šuõ `dog') III. prepositions/adverbs (e.g., nuõ `from' ~  nùotaka `bride;' vė͂l `again' ~ Latv. vêl `still, yet,' tė͂ (permissive particle) < *teh1) IV. pronominal forms (e.g., tuõ ~ gerúoju `the good (m.~sg.~instr.),' tie͂ ~ tíeji `id. (pl.nom)'). The unexpected circumflex tone in these categories is problematic and important for the solution of a Balto-Slavic accentological question on the etymological background of acute and non-acute tones. The aim of this thesis is to partially contribute to the solution of this problem by establishing the existence of MC and its relative chronology. The first category, the 3rd person future forms, provides a substantial number of examples and counterexamples. The examination of them has revealed the fact that the counterexamples constitute a morpho-semantic group of verbs whose future stems underwent considerable morphological changes in the prehistory, hence not exhibiting MC. This shows that the regular tonal reflex of the 3rd person future forms of monosyllabic acute stem must be circumflex, allowing for the establishment of MC as a regular phonological process, although this category does not provide much information on the relative chronology of MC. The second category, the reflexes of Proto-Indo-European root nouns, gives an important clue as to where MC is located in the relative chronology of Balto-Slavic sound changes. Next, there is a discussion of whether the results of the examinations of the first two categories can be maintained for the data of the third and fourth categories, which show an irregular distribution of the acute and circumflex tones in monosyllabic forms. It is shown that various morphological factors, such as homonymic clashes within the paradigms for pronouns, can explain why some monosyllabic forms have acute tone. Also, the linguistic feature of West Aukštaitian dialects of Lithuanian that tend to preserve the results of MC is revealed. These dialects are known to have played an important role in the formation of standard Lithuanian. In this way, the monosyllabic forms with unexpected circumflex tone in Lithuanian are explained as a combination of MC in the Proto-Balto-Slavic time and the dialectal tendency of West Aukštaitian dialects of Lithuanian.

Valtatien 12 parantaminen välillä Uusikylä–Mankala : Yleissuunnitelma

Valtatie 12 on yksi Suomen tärkeimmistä poikittaisyhteyksistä sekä henkilöliikenteelle että elinkeinoelämän kuljetuksille. Se toimii merkittävänä raskaan liikenteen kuljetusreittinä Länsi- ja Kaakkois-Suomen välillä sekä myös yhteytenä satamiin ja rajanylityspaikoille. Yhteysväli Lahti–Kouvola on keskeinen osa Salpausselän liikennekäytävää ja kuuluu Euroopan laajuiseen kattavaan liikenneverkkoon (TEN-T). Tien varressa on runsaasti teollisuutta ja tie toimii Lahden ja Kouvolan kaupunkiseutujen työmatkaliikenteen yhteytenä, joka näkyy vilkkaana arkiliikenteenä. Valtatielle 12 on Uudenkylän ja Tillolan välille on laadittu samanaikaisesti ja samassa suunnitteluprosessissa kaksi yleissuunnitelmaa väleille Uusikylä–Mankala ja Mankala–Tillola. Tämän Uusikylä–Mankala yleissuunnitelman suunnittelualue rajautuu lännessä Nastolan Uudenkylän eritasoliittymään ja idässä Mankalaan Iitin kunnan länsirajan tuntumaan. Suunnittelualueen pituus on noin 10 kilometriä ja se sijoittuu Päijät-Hämeen ja Kymenlaakson maakuntien sekä Lahden kaupungin (entinen Nastola) ja Iitin kunnan alueille. Yleissuunnitelmassa on selvitetty ensin valtatieverkon puutteet ja ongelmat sekä palvelutasotavoitteet. Tämän jälkeen on suunniteltu valtateiden ja muiden väylien periaateratkaisut sekä selvitetty niin tilantarve, suhde ympäröivään maankäyttöön ja vaikutukset. Myös mahdollisuudet hankkeen vaiheittain toteuttamiseksi on käsitelty. Yleissuunnitelmassa on tarkennettu ratkaisuja, vaikutusarviota ja liikenteen, maankäytön ja ympäristön lähtötietoja. Päätavoitteena on ollut selvittää pääteiden ja muun tie- ja katuverkon kehittämisen periaatteet niin, että nykyiset palvelutasopuutteet saadaan poistettua ja valtatie 12 vastaa sille asetettuja vaatimuksia liikenteen sujuvuuden ja turvallisuuden kannalta. Osana suunnitelmaa on esitetty toimenpiteet meluhaittojen torjumiseksi ja ympäristövaikutusten lieventämiseksi. Valtatie 12 parannetaan korkealuokkaiseksi ja laatutasoltaan yhtenäiseksi keskikaiteelliseksi ja eritasoliittymin varustetuksi ohituskaistatieksi noin 10 kilometrin matkalla tarvittavine tie-, katu- ja liittymäjärjestelyineen. Valtatien 12 käytävään muodostuu jatkuva rinnakkaistie. Lisäksi tehdään meluntorjuntaa ja pohjavesialueet suojataan.

State-of-the-Art Methods for Design of Integral Bridge Abutments, HR-227, 1981

The routine use of integral abutments to tie bridge superstructures to foundation piling began in this country about 30 years ago. Kansas, Missouri, Ohio, North Dakota, and Tennessee were some of the early users. This method of construction has steadily grown more popular. Today more than half of the state highway agencies have developed design criteria for bridges without expansion joint devices.

Substituição de fonte de amido por fibra solúvel em detergente neutro na dieta de vacas

v. 17, n .2, p. 164-174, abr./jun. 2016.

Valtatien 13 parantaminen välillä Lappeenranta–Nuijamaa : Hanke-esite

Valtatien 13 osuus Lappeenrannasta Nuijamaalle kuuluu Euroopan komission päättämään Suomen kattavaan liikenneverkkoon TEN-T. Tieosuus on maan toiseksi tärkein kansainvälisen liikenteen yhteys kuljetuksille ja henkilöliikenteelle. Valtatie 13 kulkee maan poikki länsirannikolta Kokkolasta Lappeenrantaan ja siitä edelleen Nuijamaan rajanylityspaikan kautta Venäjän puolelle Viipuriin. Valtatie 13 palvelee osaltaan myös paikallista liikkumista Nuijamaan kylätaajaman ja Lappeenrannan välillä. Erityisesti Mustolan alueelle ja myös osittain Nuijamaan raja-aseman läheisyyteen suunnitellut ja jo osittain toteutuneet maankäytön kaupalliset palvelut lisäävät voimakkaasti kasvaessaan myös seudullista liikennettä suunnitteluosuudella. Nuijamaan raja-asema on ollut Suomen itärajan toiseksi vilkkain tieliikenteen rajanylityspaikka. Rajanylityspaikan kautta kulki vuonna 2015 noin miljoona ajoneuvoa ja 2,4 miljoonaa matkustajaa. Venäjän ja Suomen valtioiden välisen liikenteen kasvu on ollut voimakkainta Kaakkois-Suomessa ja sille on edelleen perusteltuja kasvuodotuksia, vaikka viime aikoina liikenne on merkittävästi vähentynyt. Myös tavaraliikenteellä on potentiaalia lisääntyä viimeaikaisesta. Suunnittelualueeseen kuuluu valtatien 13 (16,6 km) lisäksi valtatien 6 länsipuolinen valtatien 13 jatke Karjalantie (mt 3821) (1,2 km). Yleissuunnitelmassa on selvitetty valtatien 13 puutteet ja ongelmat, palvelutasotavoitteet, valtatien 13 ja muiden väylien periaateratkaisut tilantarpeineen, suhde ympäröivään maankäyttöön, vaikutukset sekä mahdollisuudet vaiheittain toteuttamiseksi. Päätavoitteena on ollut selvittää valtatien 13 ja muiden väylien kehittämisen periaatteet niin, että palvelutasopuutteet saadaan poistettua ja valtatie 13 vastaa sille asetettuja vaatimuksia liikenteen sujuvuuden ja turvallisuuden kannalta. Osana suunnitelmaa on esitetty toimenpiteet meluhaittojen torjumiseksi ja ympäristövaikutusten lieventämiseksi. Valtatie 13 parannetaan nykyisellä paikallaan korkealuokkaiseksi nelikaistaiseksi valtatieksi tarvittavine tie-, katu- ja liittymäjärjestelyineen. Vastakkaiset ajosuunnat on erotettu toisistaan rakenteellisesti ja kaikki valtatien liittymät ovat eritasoliittymiä.