996 resultados para poblaci??n urbana


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The management of urban areas must consider aspects related to urban drainage, especially in hot and humid environments, and such aspects must be incorporated on director plans. This is quite important in urban areas settled on natural fragile hydro-geomorphologic areas. So, the main aim of this paper was to present the urban drainage diagnostic made in Rio Claro (SP-Brazil), discussing its results and evaluating the applied techniques. Further, there were presented some proposed directions based on such analyses. From the obtained results it was possible to verify that the impacts caused by the inefficient urban drainage system incur on direct and indirect effects such as flood, erosion and water quality degradation.

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The purpose of this work is to study the theme “infiltration trenches” in some of its main aspects, in order to subsidize the installation of these structures in the urban area of Rio Claro/SP. For sizing, the “rain-envelope method” was used based on local characterization data and the IDF (intensity-duration-frequency) curve. Five locations were chosen in the urban area of Rio Claro for implementation of these devices, considering the soil type, hydraulic conductivity of each area and minimum lot size according to the Master Plan of Rio Claro. This work also presented an estimated reduction of the runoff in urban lots by using infiltration trenches.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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This work evaluated the natural and anthropogenic influences on the quality of groundwater from public supply wells in the urban area of Marília, São Paulo State. Sixteen sampling points were established in the Adamantina Aquifer, Bauru Aquifer System, analyzing the following parameters: electrical conductivity, temperature, pH, total suspended solids, HCO3 - , PO4 3-, SO4 2-, Cl- , F- , N-NO3 - , Ca2+, Na+ , K+ , Mg2+, Si4+, Fe3+ and Al3+. The results indicated that the groundwater in the urban area of Marília has a slightly acid pH and low conductivity, with the ionic composition presenting a low cation and anion concentration and is classified as soft water and calciumbicarbonated water. Natural sources of elements/compounds can be attributed to the dissolution of carbonates during the water/rock interaction, controlling pH, alkalinity and electrical conductivity, and hydrolysis of other mineral constituents of sedimentary rocks from Adamantina Formation, with the exception of quartz. High concentrations of N-NO3 - found in some public supply wells in urban Marilia were due to sewage.

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The paper analyzes the implementation of the new regulatory framework of urban policy in Brazil, synthesized by the Constitution of 1988 and its subsequent regulations by the Statute of the City (Federal Law No. 10.257/2001). The empirical analysis focuses on three medium-sized cities in the state of São Paulo (Piracicaba, Bauru and Rio Claro), and addresses three complementary dimensions. First: interprets the participatory processes that resulted in the new Master Plan. Second, analyzes the crisis of the developmental model for understanding the transformations experienced by the Brazilian urban network, through which the medium-sized cities took on increasing economic relevance. Third: examines the inclusion and regulation of Special Zones of Social Interest (ZEIS) and how this instrument has been used in dealing with urban problems and the housing deficit. Apart from normative considerations, the study aims to assess the actual contribution of the City Statute in the democratization of urban management.

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The hegemonic version of democracy is based on Schumpeter’s approach, a legacy of liberal pluralism that reduces the formation of legitimate majorities through representation. Nevertheless, the democratization of authoritarian countries has provided innovative experiences of civil society in new participatory formats. At the institutional level, the Statute of the City regulated the chapter of the Urban Policy of the Federal Constitution of 1988. It advocates participatory formats of public policies in urban management “through public participation and representative associations”. The construction of this agenda is the result of institutional imposition and it reflects the government decisions and civil society demands. This paper analyzes the participation, its ability to share decisions, and to what extent these participatory formats depend on governments for the implementation of new paradigms of urban management. The approach combines theoretical and empirical analysis of development processes of Master Plans normatively guided by the City Statute. The empirical basis is formed by three medium-sized cities in Sao Paulo state: Piracicaba, Bauru and Rio Claro.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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O crescimento desordenado, a precariedade, a obsolência dos espaços e o desrespeito às preexistência construídas e não construídasrevelam áreas humanas deterioradas, vazias e abandonadas, espaços residuais sem destinação e a desvalorização de áreas centrais consolidadas, acarretando uma generalização de ordem moral, em que os espaços públicospassam a ser lidos como Terra de ninguém. Uma questão difícil para ser enfrentada pelas novas gerações, que estão sendo educadas diante da proliferação dos espaços privatizados e autonomizados. Mas, sobretudo, perante uma falta de reconhecimentodo espaço públicocomo um espaço necessário de convíveo e das trocas humanas, como ummeio o Estado de violência, medo e insegurança nas nossas cidades...

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Este trabalho consiste na apresentação de um projeto de requalificação urbana para uma área central da cidade de Catanduva, a partir da análise de um vazio urbano e seu entorno. Nos levantamentos e análises realizados, procurou-se utilizar os fundamentos da teoria de Kevin Lynch para comprovar que o vazio urbano atual, fruto da desativação do pátio de manobras da ferrovia, e todo seu entorno são inexistentes para a população. Não há legibilidade. A área apresenta alguns elementos de paisagem marcantes, mas que sozinhos não provocam no indivíduo a sensação de pertencimento. Por meio do estudo das problemáticas do local e considerando os fatores históricos, culturais e de sensações do município e sua população, este projeto busca requalificar a área, tornando-a uma paisagem legível e clara, que faça parte do cotidiano e da memória dos indivíduos. Assim, a construção do Parque da Paineira seria uma forma de transformar o local em um espaço público aberto, uma nova área verde para o centro, espaço de lazer, descanso e cultura, aproveitando os elementos preexistentes e inserindo novos para promover a diversidade de usos e apropriações por diferentes públicos.

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The urban area is now home to 50% of world population and the activities related to their disorganized growth, promote the formation of an unhealthy environment. The urban vegetation is necessary and beneficial, because in addition to bringing the man of nature, mitigates climate change and improve the urban microclimate. This study aimed at surveying and analyzing the rate of existing vegetation in urban Piratininga - SP, and from the data obtained, provide allowance for management and planning of green areas and urban areas. Data came from sample survey conducted in 2007 and computerized survey conducted in 2010 indicated that many new neighborhoods have low opt for planting trees of small to medium which does not enhance the urban environment requiring an environmental planning.

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Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FCLAR

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Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE