Cu~(2+)、Zn~(2+)诱导稀有鮈鲫应激蛋白质的研究

以稀有鲫为材料 ,研究了应激蛋白质作为生物学指标的敏感性。结果表明 ,在无可观察效应浓度下 ,经 5d亚慢性胁迫暴露 ,以Cu2 +为胁迫因子 ,稀有鲫被诱导出约 54KDa的应激蛋白质 ;以Zn2 +为胁迫因子 ,稀有鲫被诱导出约 94KDa ,67KDa和 40KDa的应激蛋白质。应激蛋白质有可能成为一种生物学指标运用于生态风险性早期预警。

Long-term toxic impact of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on the reproduction, sexual differentiation, and development of different life stages of Gobiocypris rarus and Daphnia magna

The sexual ratio of Gobiocypris rarus exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and 17 beta -estradiol from embryo to sexually mature revealed feminization and overdevelopment of connective tissue in male fish gonad in 2-30 pg/L TCDD concentration range. Daphnia magna was not sensitive to the high dose of TCDD (0.1-1000 ng/ml), but the reproduction of D. magna treated with TCDD decreased after the 8th day. 7-Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activities in newly fertilized eggs of G. rarus exposed to TCDD dosage groups (1000-100,000 pg/L) were significantly induced and increased with TCDD concentrations at the early life stage, while no difference was found between low TCDD dosage groups (<100 pg/L), but a good relationship between the EROD activity and the TCDD concentration was observed during a long-term developmental stage. There was a pericardial edema formed in a 2-week yolk-sac at the concentration of 1000 pg/L TCDD. But in the exposure group (2 pg/L TCDD for 120 days), the cell nuclei of hepatocytes was far from the center and packed toward the cell membrane; the cristae of most mitochondria in the cell dropped and collapsed; the rough endoplasmic reticulum broke into fragments; and numerous lipid droplets formed in the cell. (C) 2001 Academic Press.

A narrow photoluminescence linewidth of 19.2 meV at 1.35 mu m from In0.5Ga0.5As/GaAs quantum island structure grown by molecular beam epitaxy

A self-organized In0.5Ga0.5As/GaAs quantum island structure emitting at 1.35 mum at room temperature has been successfully fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy via cycled (InAs)(1)/GaAs)(1)monolayer deposition method. The photoluminescence measurement shows that a very narrow linewidth of 19.2 meV at 300 K has been reached for the first time, indicating effective suppression of inhomogeneous broadening of optical emission from the In0.5Ga0.5As island structure due to indium segregation reduction by introducing an AlAs layer and the strain reduction by inserting an In0.2Ga0.8As layer overgrown on the top of islands. The mound-like morphology of the islands elongated along the [1 (1) over bar0] azimuth are observed by the atomic force microscopy measurement, which reveals the fact that strain in the islands is partially relaxed along the [1 (1) over bar0] direction. Our results present important information for the fabrication of 1.3 mum wavelength quantum dot devices.

Silicon-on-insulator based 2 x 2 multimode interference coupler with large tolerance

We demonstrate a type of 2 x 2 multimode interference 3 dB coupler based on silicon-on-insulator. The fabrication tolerance was investigated by the effective index method and the guide mode method. The devices with different lengths were fabricated and near-held output images were obtained. Tolerances to width, length and etch depth are 2, 200 and 2 mum, respectively. The devices show a uniform power distribution.

国家自然科学基金半导体学科2001年项目概况分析

简介并分析最近几年半导体学科基金项目申请和资助的发展趋势以及2001年半导体学科基金申请与资助概况，并附2001年半导体学科批准资助的面上及重点项目，供有关科技工作者参考。

共溅射和离子注入制备的SiO_2（Eu）薄膜中Eu~（3＋）到Eu~（2＋）的转变

采用共溅射方法和Eu离子注入热生长的SiO_2方法得到SiO_2(Eu)薄膜，Eu离子的浓度为4%和0.5%。对样品X射线吸收近边结构(XANES)的研究和分析表明，在高温氮气中发生了Eu~(3+)向Eu~(2+)的转变。SiO_2(Eu)薄膜高温氮气退火下蓝光的发射证明了这一结论。

Selective intermixing of Ga(In)NAs/GaAs quantum well structures usingSiO(2) encapsulation and rapid thermal annealing

The quantum well intermixing of Ga(In)NAs/GaAs simple quantum well (SQW) using SiO2 encapsulation and rapid thermal annealing has been studied. Obvious enhanced intermixing of GaInNAs/GaAs SQW was observed due to the localized SiO2 capping layer and RTA at temperature between 650degreesC and 900degreesC. The selective intermixing strongly depends on N composition and In composition. An obvious selective intermixing had been found in the samples with small N composition and/or high In composition.

不同水分管理下稻田CH<,4>和N<,2>O的排放及其微生物学过程

大量研究表明，农田水分状况发生变化对CH<,4>排放有重大影响，水稻生长期的晒田处理不仅有利于植株生长而且能增加CH<,4>氧化，减少CH<,4>生成.但近年来注意到有利于控制CH<,4>排放的水分管理措施往往会促进N<,2>O排放，而其机理及对大气净温室效应的影响报道甚少.该文对不同水分管理下CH<,4>和N<,2>O的排放进行了定量分析并对温室效应的贡献进行了估算;同时对二种气体排放的微生物学过程进行了研究，观测了相关微生物菌群数量及田间环境因子的变化，并对不同水分处理期间的土壤理化性质对CH<,4>和N<,2>O排放及微生物数量的影响作了进一步分析，为制定综合控制稻田CH<,4>和N<,2>O的排放措施提供了科学依据.

林木及林下土壤N<,2>O排放的研究

N<,2>O是一种重要的温室气体.该研究以中国长白山典型的森林生态系统——阔叶红松林为研究对象，采用空气样品同步采样法和封闭罩法首次对几种主要树木——水曲柳、红松、赤杨（阳生树木）和椴树（阴生树木）的N<,2>O释放进行了较为系统的研究，同时对林下土壤N<,2>O排放进行了实验室模拟实验.获得以下主要研究结果：1.首次确证在自然状态下，林木是森林生态系统中除土壤外的另一重要N<,2>O排放源.2.首次发现光照对阴生树木与阳生树木N<,2>O释放的调节作用不同.3.首次在野外自然条件下，对林木的N<,2>O排放通量进行了测定，并估算了其年排放总量.4.发现在一定条件下，土壤N<,2>O排放和CH<,4>吸收与土壤pH和温度呈正相关.

一台2.5MeV电子辐照加速器系统的屏蔽

介绍了一台能量 2 5MeV、流强 4 0mA、功率 10 0kW的电子辐照加速器系统的屏蔽设计。实际测量结果表明 :屏蔽外的辐射水平低于国家标准规定的限值 ,设计是合理的。

2.45GHz单电荷态电子回旋共振离子源

描述了一台 2 .4 5GHz单电荷态电子回旋共振 (ECR)离子源的原理、结构与应用。介绍了其微波系统与磁场结构。在微波输入功率约 6 0 0W ,引出高压 2 2kV ,引出孔径为6mm时 ,该离子源的总束流I(H1++H2 ++H3+)可达 90mA。