891 resultados para Ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration
Resumo:
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of the brain and vascular indicesof the middle cerebral artery of canine foetuses. Methods: Twenty-five bitches were selected. Tissue development, echogenicity, echotexture and brain echobiometric data were studied, and the major structures were identified between the 5th and 8th gestational weeks. The area and volume of the brain mass (BMA and BMV), cranial area and volume (AC and VC), brain mass index (BMI) and brain volume index (BVI) were determined. A single ultrasound examination was performed during each studied week (6th, 7th and 8th). Doppler ultrasonography was performed to assess the maximum and minimum velocity, resistance and pulsatility index of middle cerebral artery of the foetuses. Results: Echoencephalography was performed to evaluate the morphological characteristics of the central nervous system. Cerebral echobiometry indicated an increase in area and volume of the hemispheres and cranium (P<0·001) but no changes in BMI or BVI over the gestational period studied. Doppler ultrasonography identified increases in peak systolic velocity (P=0·0188) and end diastolic velocity (P=0·0274) and decreases in resistance index (P=0·0002) and pulsatility index (P<0·001). Clinical Significance: Echoencephalography and spectral Doppler ultrasonography of the middle cerebral artery in canine foetuses might be a useful technique for prenatal care. © 2013 British Small Animal Veterinary Association.
Resumo:
Aim: Clinical data are scarce on flapless-guided surgery in the mandible using the all-on-four concept. In addition, limited documentation exists on the latter under immediate loading conditions with a pre-fabricated implant bridge. The aim was to provide detailed documentation focusing on clinical and radiographic outcome and complications. Material and methods: Sixteen systemically healthy non-smoking patients (10 women, 6 men, average age 59 years) with sufficient bone volume in the mandible were operated via flapless-guided surgery using the all-on-four concept. Clinical and radiographic data and complications were registered at 3, 6 and 12 months. Results: The overall implant survival rate was 90% with a trend for higher failure of short implants (P = 0.098). The mean bone level after 12 months of function was 0.83 mm with a maximum of 1.07 mm. Technical complications were common (15/16 patients). These mainly related to a misfit between the pre-fabricated prosthesis and abutment(s) (13/16 patients). Conclusion: If immediate loading of implants is pursued fabrication of the implant bridge should be based on actual impression of the implants at the time of surgery and not on their virtual position. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
Resumo:
Piezoelectric array transducers applications are becoming usual in the ultrasonic non-destructive testing area. However, the number of elements can increase the system complexity, due to the necessity of multichannel circuitry and to the large amount of data to be processed. Synthetic aperture techniques, where one or few transmission and reception channels are necessary, and the data are post-processed, can be used to reduce the system complexity. Another possibility is to use sparse arrays instead of a full-populated array. In sparse arrays, there is a smaller number of elements and the interelement spacing is larger than half wavelength. In this work, results of ultrasonic inspection of an aluminum plate with artificial defects using guided acoustic waves and sparse arrays are presented. Synthetic aperture techniques are used to obtain a set of images that are then processed with an image compounding technique, which was previously evaluated only with full-populated arrays, in order to increase the resolution and contrast of the images. The results with sparse arrays are equivalent to the ones obtained with full-populated arrays in terms of resolution. Although there is an 8 dB contrast reduction when using sparse arrays, defect detection is preserved and there is the advantage of a reduction in the number of transducer elements and data volume. © 2013 Brazilian Society for Automatics - SBA.
Resumo:
The consequences of diversity on belowground processes are still poorly known in tropical forests. The distributions of very fine roots (diameter <1 mm) and fine roots (diameter <3 mm) were studied in a randomized block design close to the harvest age of fast-growing plantations. A replacement series was set up in Brazil with mono-specific Eucalyptus grandis (100E) and Acacia mangium (100A) stands and a mixture with the same stocking density and 50 % of each species (50A:50E). The total fine root (FR) biomass down to a depth of 2 m was about 27 % higher in 50A:50E than in 100A and 100E. Fine root over-yielding in 50A:50E resulted from a 72 % rise in E. grandis fine root biomass per tree relative to 100E, whereas A. mangium FR biomass per tree was 17 % lower than in 100A. Mixing A. mangium with E. grandis trees led to a drop in A. mangium FR biomass in the upper 50 cm of soil relative to 100A, partially balanced by a rise in deep soil layers. Our results highlight similarities in the effects of directional resources on leaf and FR distributions in the mixture, with A. mangium leaves below the E. grandis canopy and a low density of A. mangium fine roots in the resource-rich soil layers relative to monospecific stands. The vertical segregation of resource-absorbing organs did not lead to niche complementarity expected to increase the total biomass production. © 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
Resumo:
In addition to the bio-guided investigation of the antifungal activity of Plinia cauliflora leaves against different Candida species, the major aim of the present study was the search for targets on the fungal cell. The most active antifungal fraction was purified by chromatography and characterized by NMR and mass spectrometry. The antifungal activity was evaluated against five Candida strains according to referenced guidelines. Cytotoxicity against fibroblast cells was determined. The likely targets of Candida albicans cells were assessed through interactions with ergosterol and cell wall composition, porosity and architecture. The chemical major component within the most active antifungal fraction of P. cauliflora leaves identified was the hydrolysable tannin casuarinin. The cytotoxic concentration was higher than the antifungal one. The first indication of plant target on cellular integrity was suggested by the antifungal activity ameliorated when using an osmotic support. The most important target for the tannin fraction studied was suggested by ultrastructural analysis of yeast cell walls revealing a denser mannan outer layer and wall porosity reduced. It is possible to imply that P. cauliflora targeted the C. albicans cell wall inducing some changes in the architecture, notably the outer glycoprotein layer, affecting the cell wall porosity without alteration of the polysaccharide or protein level. © 2013 by the authors.
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Bases Gerais da Cirurgia - FMB
Resumo:
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Ciência Animal - FMVA
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Bases Gerais da Cirurgia - FMB
Resumo:
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Resumo:
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Resumo:
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Resumo:
Este experimento teve como objetivo avaliar a possibilidade da utilização de fêmeas zebuínas de elevada qualidade genética, com problemas de fertilidade, adquiridos após um programa de transferência convencional de embriões, como doadoras de ovócitos em um programa de Ovum Pick Up e Produção In Vitro de embriões. Fêmeas da raça Nelore (n=16) (Bos taurus indicus), com idade média de 11 anos e 7 meses, foram submetidas às mesmas condições de ambiente, alimentação e manejo. Estes animais foram retirados do programa de T.E. por apresentarem problemas de fertilidade (cistos ovarianos, infecções genitais, mucometra e alguns casos de repetições de cio sem causa aparente). Os animais foram divididos em dois grupos conforme o tipo de patologia: GRUPO I (n=08) composto por animais que apresentaram patologias ovarianas (cistos) e GRUPO II (n=08) formado por animais com patologias extra ovarianas, ambos os grupos foram submetidos à aspiração folicular (OPU) utilizando dois tipos de agulhas (21G ; 19G ) e pressões (55 e 70mmHg) divididos em quatro tratamentos (T1 = 55/21G; T2 = 55/19G; T3 = 70/21G e T4 = 70/19G), posteriormente os ovócitos submeteramse a PIV. Foram realizadas 149 aspirações e colhidos 879 ovócitos (5,9 4,88) onde GRAU I = 16%; GRAU II = 43%; GRAU III = 21% e GRAU IV = 20%. As médias de ovócitos colhidos no GRUPO I foram (T1 = 7,06 5,10; T2= 7,00 3,64; T3 = 10,60 6,51 e T4 = 2,78 2,59) para os animais pertencentes ao GRUPO II obteve-se (T1= 4,90 4,47; T2= 2,93 3,05; T3 = 6,11 4,11 e T4 = 2,70 2,00). Para as médiasde ovócitos viáveis os resultados foram os seguintes: (T1 = 4,35 3,01; T2 = 4,88 2,96; T3 = 6,87 3,91 e T4 = 1,89 1,90) para o GRUPO I e (T1 = 2,70 2,22; T2 =1,92 1,98; T3 = 3,47 2,27 e T4 = 2,00 1,05) para o GRUPO II. Neste experimento foram levados à PIV 538 ovócitos dos quais 161 (32,85%) clivaram e 65 (13,26%) resultaram em Mórula ou Blastocistos. A análise estatística dos resultados não demonstrou diferença significativa entre os grupos quanto a colheita ovocitária. Quando analisada somente a pressão de sucção, foi observado que o tipo de agulha está diretamente relacionado a pressão da bomba de vácuo. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos com o tratamento T3 = 70/21G, além disso pode-se observar que as melhores médias de ovócitos colhidos foram as obtidas no grupo de animais que apresentaram cistos ovarianos (GRUPO I). Desta forma, concluímos neste experimento que a utilização da técnica de OPU/PIV é uma alternativa de grande utilidade no prolongamento da vida reprodutiva de animais zebuínos com alterações na fertilidade.
Resumo:
Este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever as características ultrassonográficas uterinas e ovarianas, e dopplervelocimétricas das suas artérias nos dias periovulatórios em cadelas. Quinze ciclos estrais em 10 animais foram avaliados. As características ultrassonográficas, índices de resistência (IR) e índices de pulsatilidade (IP) do útero e dos ovários em cada animal foram registrados 5 dias antes e depois da ovulação (D0). Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente e os resultados foram expressos em média ± erro padrão da média (P<0,05). Como resultados as características ultrassonográficas uterinas foram semelhantes em todos os ciclos e dias avaliados, tendo o corpo uterino um diâmetro médio de 0,85±0,02cm. Foi observado um aumento no volume dos ovários e nos diâmetros dos folículos, tendo os ovários um volume de 0,64±0,06cm3, e a cavidade dos folículos um diâmetro de 0,46±0,01cm no dia da ovulação. Após a ovulação, foi observado colapso dos folículos somente em alguns ciclos. A perfusão sanguínea uterina diminuiu dois dias antes da ovulação e permaneceu inalterada até a ovulação. Após a ovulação, houve um aumento gradual na perfusão das artérias uterinas e ovarianas, direcionando o fluxo de sangue para os ovários e aumentando a perfusão da artéria intra-ovariana um dia após a ovulação. Conclui-se que características específicas são observadas na imagem ultrassonográfica uterina e ovariana, e dopplervelocimétricas de suas artérias nos dias periovulatórios, e quando associadas permitem estimar com mais precisão o dia da ovulação.
Resumo:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)