Actores locales y actividad vitivinícola en la zona costera de Berisso. Continuidades y transformaciones a partir de la implementación de un modelo de desarrollo rural

Fil: Tagliabue, Paula. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Feriantes y artesanos frente a cotidianeidades trastocadas : Un estudio sobre los vaivenes macroeconómicos y la realidad de las ferias comerciales urbanas

Fil: Adamini, Marina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Poéticas do rap engajado e juventudes nas periferias urbanas de Natal-RN

This thesis relates to issues present in the hip hop movement. Thus it includes youngsters grouped in different levels such as local, regional and national. The research deals with this broad segment. The analysis is made on those called “peripheral youth” It encompasses the juvenile segment, that is committed to a movement defined by these youngsters and activists, the so called “hip hop movement”. The research aims to analyze poetics present in rap, considered as an expression of resistance and inventiveness. The analysis was of micro politic nature and it dealt with the “peripheral scenario” present in hip hop Lelo Melodia in the Guarapes neighborhood in Natal-Rio Grande do Norte-Brazil. In this community, the group in known for their resistance attitude. The group´s opinion is not of opposition or force but it is seen in the sense of reinventing life that is currently attached to the persisting social inequality condition. In these terms, the research also deals with this committed poetic rap understood here as expressions towards resistance and inventiveness that is produced by these youth groups that belong to this hip hop movement. The focal group was the Lelo Melodia Group of the Posse de Hip Hop in the Guarapes neighborhood in Natal/Rio Grande do Norte in Brazil.

Análise da problemática socioambiental de nascentes urbanas no município de Garanhuns-PE

Garanhuns City, in Pernambuco, undergoes a rapid, polluting and non-organized urban development affecting its freshwater springs around the urban environment. These sources are of great importance to the district as well as to the hydrographic basin of the Mundaú River. In this view, this paper aims at analyzing the socio-environmental problems resulting from the urban expansion surrounding the Garanhuns’ sources. The study considers the social and environmental dynamics and follows the theoretical contributions of socio-environmental geography proposed by Mendonça’s Urban Environmental System methodological and theoretical model (2004), as well as the conceptual values of Santos’ space theory (2002a). The data treatment included bibliographical and documental research, evaluation of environmental impact, and water analysis. It revealed that Garanhuns possesses many local environmental traits favoring the coming out of freshwater springs and that these sources have played an important role in the making and development of that village. The environmental impacts on freshwater springs, like Olho D’água, Bom Pastor, Vila Maria, Pau Amarelo and Pau Pombo have been evaluated through the environmental impact score IIAN. It put alight serious cases of socio-environmental impacts on the dynamics of the freshwater springs. In the period of April 2013 and April 2014, it monitored the superficial water quality expelled by the Pau Pombo, Pau Amarelo e Vila Maria water sources, and the analyses of the contents followed the determinations of the Environmental National Board, whose parameters are dissolved oxygen, biochemical demand of oxygen, nitrate, total coliforms, faecal coliforms, and electrical conductivity. The results recollected suggest the existence of organic pollution and deep alteration in the water coming out from the sources. In consequence, it seems important the putting out of measures destined to stop those impacts and guaranteeing protection and maintenance of the freshwater springs and their micro-basins.

Praias urbanas e racionalidade ambiental: avaliação da gestão, das intervenções urbanísticas e dos usos na praia de ponta negra

This dissertation addresses issues considered essential for sustainable development of urban waterfronts and beaches. Many of these spaces, even though they are of public authorities, economic market and general population interests - due to its landscape, its importance for recreation purposes and as a basis of " Sun and beach Tourism " (Turismo de Sol e Praia), among other factors - have shown aesthetic, health and cultural degradation, entailing environmental, economic and social losses and conflicts. Based on this perception, the research aims to understand the main reasons for these negative results for beach spaces. To this end, it was chosen the case study of a typical urban beach, Ponta Negra Beach, located in Natal, RN. Ponta Negra is associated with the "postcard" of the city and it has been deserving of municipal urban planning legislation that legally recognizes the importance of its landscape. Also it has received constant investments by the Government through urban projects, arguing to leave the site attractive to its users. Nevertheless, in the last fifteen years, the beach has lived with the expansion of its problems, such as those related to bathing water, to coastal erosion, and to the mangling of its natural surroundings. Social conflicts have also been frequent in this time frame: conflicts between residents of the waterfront and traders who work on the beach, between the traders themselves, between the managers of space and fishermen, between managers and formal and informal traders. Many of these social and environmental conflicts have taken such grand proportions that became legal matters. Assuming that the problems identified are related to the issue of rationality - understood as a system of values, norms and actions that relate means and ends - and upholding the need for focused research on "environmental rationality" to understand and interpret the dynamics of social and environmental problems encountered on site, the research that guides the study relies on the Mexican economist Enrique Leff's theory on "environmental rationality" which, briefly, can be defined as a system of values, norms, actions and means and ends relations based on the principles of environmental management and sustainable development. Among other aspects, rationality encompasses cross-sectional planning of public administration, the participation of society in the management of environmental resources, interdisciplinary reorganization of knowledge, the clash of opposing interests and the conciliation of common goals of different social actors. The study evaluates the relationship between "environmental rationality", as proposed by Enrique Leff, with the management, urban interventions and uses observed in Ponta Negra Beach. For that, some benchmarks were established and considered in the research as related to sustainable development of the "beachy" atmosphere. Analytical instruments chosen were the urban transformations and the environmental and social problems that have been the target of lawsuits. Also part of the study, the problems that were the subject of civil investigations, which are investigation procedures carried out by the Prosecutor's Office.

Praias urbanas e racionalidade ambiental: avaliação da gestão, das intervenções urbanísticas e dos usos na praia de ponta negra

This dissertation addresses issues considered essential for sustainable development of urban waterfronts and beaches. Many of these spaces, even though they are of public authorities, economic market and general population interests - due to its landscape, its importance for recreation purposes and as a basis of " Sun and beach Tourism " (Turismo de Sol e Praia), among other factors - have shown aesthetic, health and cultural degradation, entailing environmental, economic and social losses and conflicts. Based on this perception, the research aims to understand the main reasons for these negative results for beach spaces. To this end, it was chosen the case study of a typical urban beach, Ponta Negra Beach, located in Natal, RN. Ponta Negra is associated with the "postcard" of the city and it has been deserving of municipal urban planning legislation that legally recognizes the importance of its landscape. Also it has received constant investments by the Government through urban projects, arguing to leave the site attractive to its users. Nevertheless, in the last fifteen years, the beach has lived with the expansion of its problems, such as those related to bathing water, to coastal erosion, and to the mangling of its natural surroundings. Social conflicts have also been frequent in this time frame: conflicts between residents of the waterfront and traders who work on the beach, between the traders themselves, between the managers of space and fishermen, between managers and formal and informal traders. Many of these social and environmental conflicts have taken such grand proportions that became legal matters. Assuming that the problems identified are related to the issue of rationality - understood as a system of values, norms and actions that relate means and ends - and upholding the need for focused research on "environmental rationality" to understand and interpret the dynamics of social and environmental problems encountered on site, the research that guides the study relies on the Mexican economist Enrique Leff's theory on "environmental rationality" which, briefly, can be defined as a system of values, norms, actions and means and ends relations based on the principles of environmental management and sustainable development. Among other aspects, rationality encompasses cross-sectional planning of public administration, the participation of society in the management of environmental resources, interdisciplinary reorganization of knowledge, the clash of opposing interests and the conciliation of common goals of different social actors. The study evaluates the relationship between "environmental rationality", as proposed by Enrique Leff, with the management, urban interventions and uses observed in Ponta Negra Beach. For that, some benchmarks were established and considered in the research as related to sustainable development of the "beachy" atmosphere. Analytical instruments chosen were the urban transformations and the environmental and social problems that have been the target of lawsuits. Also part of the study, the problems that were the subject of civil investigations, which are investigation procedures carried out by the Prosecutor's Office.

Somos como Somos. 12 inclusiones, 12 transformaciones

Con este título, intentamos dar espacio a un material pensado para las etapas de Educación Infantil y Primaria. Nuestro principal objetivo es resaltar la diversidad de cada persona como una realidad que promueve una manera de sentirnos y vivirnos en función de lo que pueda devolvernos el medio en que nos movemos. Mirando siempre la diversidad como riqueza colectiva, en positivo, una manera de ser diversa en un mundo también diverso.

Las cooperativas no agropecuarias y la transformación económica en Cuba: políticas, procesos y estrategias

La contribución de las cooperativas se ha puesto en evidencia desde la década del 70 como principal línea de desarrollo en la producción agropecuaria de Cuba. En contraste, el reconocimiento de las cooperativas urbanas ha sido tardío, aun cuando fuese percibida la necesidad de transformaciones basadas en la realización de la propiedad en diversos escenarios territoriales. El artículo analiza los procesos de reforma impulsados en Cuba desde la primera década de 2000 centrándose en las iniciativas tendientes a la promoción, constitución y desempeño de las cooperativas no agropecuarias (CNA). Se examina el potencial y limitaciones propias de las experiencias recientes para reflexionar sobre los procesos y transformaciones organizacionales desde la perspectiva de sus miembros. A modo de conclusión el análisis plantea interrogantes acerca de la aptitud de estas cooperativas para sustraerse del impacto de circunstancias anteriores y sobre su capacidad para consolidar estrategias diseñadas por los cooperadores que tiendan a fortalecer los principios de adhesión voluntaria y autonomía en que se fundan estas organizaciones.

Avaliação de desempenho de ETAR urbanas

Na ultima década, a necessidade da definição de objectivos de gestão por parte das entidades gestoras, e a correspondente necessidade de verificação do cumprimento dos objectivos estabelecidos, levaram à implementação de iniciativas para o estudo e desenvolvimento de metedologias no domínio de avaliação de desempenho dos serviços de saneamento. O presente trabalho tem como principal objectivo, a avaliação do desempenho das nove infraestruturas em exploração pela SIMLIS, SA, tendo-se seleccionado, para este efeito, doze indicadores de desempenho,distribuídos pelos domínios da qualidade da água tratada; da eficiência e fiabilidade da ETAR; da utilização de água, energia e materiais; e da gestão de subprodutos. Como aspectos da avaliação de desempenho foram seleccionados, a conformidade com a licença de descarga, a qualidade da água rejeitada no meio recetor, a eficiência global da ETAR, o consumo de energia, o consumo de reagentes, a utilização de águas residuais tratadas, a produção e valorização de lamas e a produção de biogás. Para o processo de avaliação de desempenho, definiu-se um período de análise de um ano, nomeadamente o ano de 2013, para o qual se estabeleceram metas para cada um dos indicadores a avaliar. Conclui-se que a avaliação de desempenho é uma ferramenta essencial à gestão, pois permitiu analisar, não só o desempenho global da entidade gestora, mas também, avaliar o desempenho individual de cada uma das infraestruturas. Foi ainda possível, em alguns casos, avaliar o desempenho das ETAR em função do tipo de processo de tratamento utilizado. O uso adequado desta ferramenta de avaliação de desempenho permitiu à SIMLIS, de uma forma mais eficiente, aplicar acções correctivas quando identificados problemas e optimizar recursos, sendo usada como ferramenta de apoio à decisão.

Transformaciones del espacio urbano a partir de las NTIC : "Rastreando firewalls en el AMBA en los comienzos del siglo XXI"

El trabajo tiene un carácter exploratorio y su objetivo es intentar captar algunas de las transformaciones operadas a partir del surgimiento las nuevas tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (NTIC) en relación con el espacio urbano y por ende en las relaciones sociales. Las transformaciones del espacio urbano están en íntima relación con la transformación del capitalismo, la aparición de las NTIC y la radicalización de la modernidad que muchos autores llaman globalización. Por otro lado, las transformaciones que Manuel Castells, Jordi Borja y otros autores reconocen en el espacio urbano de fines del siglo XX y principios del siglo XXI, acompañan los cambios en la estructura productiva de occidente y el advenimiento de nuevas formas de aglomeración urbana que podrían resumirse en el concepto de "ciudad dual". De esta manera, la urbanización dual implica sectores de la ciudad altamente globalizados que no se diferencian en mucho a tramos de las ciudades centrales de los EEUU y otros sectores postergados y olvidados. A partir de las reestructuraciones económicas, políticas y sociales de la década del '90 en las ciudades latinoamericanas en general y en la Argentina en particular se asiste a profundas transformaciones del ámbito urbano en todas las dimensiones. Se trata de cambios en los patrones de asentamiento pero también en el imaginario simbólico de la ciudad. Este fenómeno se ve reforzado por la existencia de auténticas barreras de acceso, que son estructurantes y estructuradas por el espacio urbano, ligadas al consumo y a al uso comercial de las NTIC que daremos en llamar firewalls urbanos (articulación negativa o restrictiva del uso del espacio urbano relacionada con el espacio electrónico). Es así como internet y la telefonía celular entre otras tecnologías contribuyen a polarizar los mapas urbanos de las ciudades

Crisis de gobierno de la fuerza de trabajo y transformaciones en la gubermentalidad

La crisis en el gobierno de la fuerza de trabajo abierta a mediados de la década del '60 a ambos lados del Atlántico tuvo respuestas diversas. En América Latina, y en particular en Argentina, vinieron de la mano del régimen de terror y desindustrialización en los 70', de la hiperinflación y la baja del salario real en los '80 y de la "cuestión del empleo" en los 90'. La presente ponencia expone los primeros avances de una investigación que se propone describir las formas que está asumiendo el gobierno de la fuerza de trabajo desde mediados de la década del 90' a través de los programas sociales de empleo. En particular, se orienta a indagar respecto de los aspectos "positivos" y "productivos" de esta forma de gobierno, orientándose a describir el tipo de subjetividad y verdad que se tienden a producir. La hipótesis que orienta la citada investigación es que asistimos a una mutación en el gobierno de la fuerza de trabajo que se sostiene en la interpelación a que los sujetos devengan activos en su propio gobierno mediante la gestión de sí en espacios comunitarios. Esta mutación parte de la crítica al Estado de Bienestar-Providencia en términos de que este habría generado dependencia en los individuos "tutelados"