An Analysis of English, Spanish and Basque Demonstratives in Narrative: a Matter of Viewpoint

[EN]This paper undertakes the study of the occurrence of non-corresponding demonstrative forms in Spanish, Basque and English in exactly the same linguistic context. It is proposed that the differenccs in the choice of the demonstratives result from the differences in the kind of iniormation that must be coded in each of the languages. Thus, I will argue that in Spanish and Basque the obligatory coding of the aspectual categories of the imperfect and the preterit has the function of imposing specific viewing arrangements onto the situations they designate. By contrast, in English, where the aspectual distinction is not overtly coded, the demonstrativcs are proposed to fulfil this function.

Cross-cultural communication in film translation a study of the english subtitled and dubbed versions of "Le déclin de l' Empire américain"

Santamaría, José Miguel; Pajares, Eterio; Olsen, Vickie; Merino, Raquel; Eguíluz, Federico (eds.)

Intertextualidade: uma contribuição para o ensino de produção escrita

Este trabalho de pesquisa tem como objetivo principal demonstrar que a realização de um trabalho de leitura e de escrita baseado em intertextualidade, especificamente com fábulas e provérbios, resulta no desenvolvimento de habilidade de escrita dos alunos do sexto ano de escolaridade do ensino fundamental. Para tanto, propõe-se a uma intersecção metodológica: de um lado as estratégias didáticas, realizadas ao longo de um trimestre de aulas de Língua Portuguesa, no sexto ano de escolaridade do Colégio Pedro II, Campus Tijuca II, ao qual a pesquisadora está vinculada com atividade docente e de coordenação pedagógica. As atividades propõem uma estreita relação entre leitura de textos de diferentes gêneros e produção escrita, a partir da concepção de intertextualidade; de outro, a organização metodológica dessas produções, com um rigoroso levantamento dos tipos de intertextualidade utilizados nas diferentes produções dos estudantes, comprovando que o estímulo constante alimenta o desenvolvimento da proficiência de escrita, havendo o aumento do uso de diferentes tipos de intertextualidade. Do ponto de vista teórico, esta pesquisa propõe percurso histórico da intertextualidade tanto na perspectiva literária quanto na linguística, baseando-se nos autores Bakhtin (2011), Bazerman (2011), Koch (2007), Vigner (2002), Laurent Jenny (1979) e Barthes (2013), o que contribui para a ampliação do conceito chave: intertextualidade. Postula-se que o trabalho de leitura de diferentes gêneros possibilita o estabelecimento da intertextualidade por meio da multiplicidade de temas, de conteúdos e de enfoques e que esse procedimento leva os alunos a produzirem textos com nível mais alto de informatividade e expressividade. Esta estratégia didática favorece o surgimento de novos procedimentos para o ensino de Língua Portuguesa, contribuindo, sobremaneira para o desenvolvimento da competência discursiva dos estudantes do 6 ano de escolaridade

The History and Literature of America's Oysters

Historically, America's use and enjoyment of the oyster extend far back into prehistoric times. The Native Americans often utilized oysters, more intensively in some areas than in others, and, at least in some areas of the Caribbean and Pacific coast, the invading Spanish sought oysters as eagerly as they did gold-but for the pearls. That was the pearl oyster, Pinctada sp., and signs of its local overexploitation were recorded early in the 16th century. During the 1800's, use of the eastern oyster grew phenomenally and, for a time, it outranked beef as a source of protein in some parts of the nation. Social events grew up around it, as it became an important aspect of culture and myth. Eventually, research on the oyster began to blossom, and scientific literature on the various species likewise bloomed-to the extent that when the late Paul Galtsoff wrote his classic treatise "The American oyster Crassostrea virginica Gmelin" in 1954, he reported compiling an extensive bibliography of over 6,000 subject and author cards on oysters and related subjects which he deposited in the library of the Woods Hole Laboratory of the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries (now NMFS). That large report, volume 64 (480 pages) of the agency's Fishery Bulletin, was a bargain at $2.75, and it has been a standard reference ever since. But the research and the attendant literature have grown greatly since Galtsoff's work was published, and now that has been thoroughly updated.

Língua, patrimônio e museu no Museu da Língua Portuguesa e nas réplicas de seus visitantes

Esta tese de doutoramento é um estudo de caso que tem por objeto o Museu da Língua Portuguesa a partir de agora MLP , instituição inaugurada em 20 de março de 2006, e sediada no centro da capital paulistana, no prédio da centenária Estação da Luz. O museu, patrocinado pelo governo do estado de São Paulo e a Fundação Roberto Marinho em parceria com outras empresas públicas e privadas, utiliza uma iconografia diversificada, ancorada em novas tecnologias da comunicação. Nossa abordagem tem como ponto de partida as noções de língua, patrimônio e museu que, embora pertencentes a distintas cartografias teóricas, são fenômenos sociais que põem em questão a representação de identidades sociais, a memória e o esquecimento, as estratégias de poder. Tendo como bases teóricas as categorias de dialogismo bakhtiniano, de memória social (HALBWACHS) e as relações entre memória, discurso e poder (FOUCAULT), nosso objetivo é descrever e analisar a trama discursiva do Museu da Língua Portuguesa, levando em conta seus narradores oficiais e oficiosos, seu discurso expositivo em múltiplos formatos e, sobretudo, as réplicas de seus visitantes. As questões de pesquisa que formulamos dizem respeito aos sentidos de língua e de literatura musealizados no MLP, aos sentidos de patrimônio aí encenados, e aos sentidos da própria designação de museu. A leitura e interpretação do MLP que fizemos, com o aporte das réplicas de seus visitantes, nos levaram a destacar o que o MLP lembra as formações discursivas que atravessam sua proposta expositiva e o que o MLP esquece

Are There Any Lessons of History?: The English School and the Activity of Being an Historian

Bain, William, 'Are There Any Lessons of History?: The English School and the Activity of Being an Historian', International Politics (2007) 44(5) pp.513-530 RAE2008

Safe Compositional Specification of Networking Systems: TRAFFIC The Language and Its Type Checking

This paper formally defines the operational semantic for TRAFFIC, a specification language for flow composition applications proposed in BUCS-TR-2005-014, and presents a type system based on desired safety assurance. We provide proofs on reduction (weak-confluence, strong-normalization and unique normal form), on soundness and completeness of type system with respect to reduction, and on equivalence classes of flow specifications. Finally, we provide a pseudo-code listing of a syntax-directed type checking algorithm implementing rules of the type system capable of inferring the type of a closed flow specification.

Characterization of serum anti-gliadin IgA in childhood coeliac diseases versus other gastrointestinal diseases and controls.

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

A policy-definition language and prototype implementation library for policy-based autonomic systems

This paper presents work towards generic policy toolkit support for autonomic computing systems in which the policies themselves can be adapted dynamically and automatically. The work is motivated by three needs: the need for longer-term policy-based adaptation where the policy itself is dynamically adapted to continually maintain or improve its effectiveness despite changing environmental conditions; the need to enable non autonomics-expert practitioners to embed self-managing behaviours with low cost and risk; and the need for adaptive policy mechanisms that are easy to deploy into legacy code. A policy definition language is presented; designed to permit powerful expression of self-managing behaviours. The language is very flexible through the use of simple yet expressive syntax and semantics, and facilitates a very diverse policy behaviour space through both hierarchical and recursive uses of language elements. A prototype library implementation of the policy support mechanisms is described. The library reads and writes policies in well-formed XML script. The implementation extends the state of the art in policy-based autonomics through innovations which include support for multiple policy versions of a given policy type, multiple configuration templates, and meta-policies to dynamically select between policy instances and templates. Most significantly, the scheme supports hot-swapping between policy instances. To illustrate the feasibility and generalised applicability of these tools, two dissimilar example deployment scenarios are examined. The first is taken from an exploratory implementation of self-managing parallel processing, and is used to demonstrate the simple and efficient use of the tools. The second example demonstrates more-advanced functionality, in the context of an envisioned multi-policy stock trading scheme which is sensitive to environmental volatility

Film and literature in the legal classroom

The way in which law and lawyers are portrayed in popular film and literature is a fascinating subject not only for the social scientist but, more importantly, the lawyer and law student. Increasingly in law schools, films and classic literature with a legal theme are being used to identify various aspects of legal activity ranging from legal practice (i.e. intrinsic lawyer skills including legal argument, negotiation and advocacy) to various aspects of the legal process (e.g. the function of the judge and jury) as well as important elements of legal and ethical theory. This article focuses on the Law Through Film and Literature option which is offered to law students in the final year of their LLB (Hons) degree at Greenwich. The aim is to show how law-related film and literature can be a useful tool in the legal classroom, as well as providing some insights into how students have responded and developed as a result of their experiences on the course.