Estudo sobre os aspectos culturais da terminologia dos contratos de prestação de serviços em língua portuguesa e língua francesa

Pós-graduação em Estudos Linguísticos - IBILCE

Política, Território, Poder e a Agroindustrialização em assentamentos de reforma agrária no Rio Grande do Sul

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Concilier les données qualitatives et quantitatives: un défi pour les recherches en acquisition du langage

What is the role of qualitative data? How should mixed approaches be considered? Is it necessary to complement the quantitative approach by the qualitative approach (Maziére et al., 2010) or the opposite? How can these two approaches be combined in a Language Acquisition research? What are the possibilities of generalization that these approaches provide? Besides those necessary theoretical discussions, our starting point is a qualitative research on the acquisition of the plural morpheme in Brazilian Portuguese (BP) in children between 1 year 11 months old and 2 years 7 months old (Hilário, 2012), whose linguistic production is intrinsically connected to their dialogic aspect (Bakhtin & Vološinov, 1973) and to the interaction among interlocutors (Bruner, 2004; Vygotsky, 1986). In this research through the usage of a computational tool (CLAN) it is expected to have more visibility of the quantitative results even if they are in a qualitative approach. Although, it should be taken into account the fact that each approach can achieve valid and relevant results (Valsiner 2000), i.e., with any given method it is possible to reach a kind of generalization (statistical or analytical).

Revisão da seção setacea do gênero Batrachospermum (Rhodophyta, Batrachospermales)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Empobrecimento e podzolização de solos lateríticos da bacia do Rio Negro e gênese dos podzóis na alta Bacia da Amazônia

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Modelizzazione spazio-temporale delle dinamiche di uso del suolo ed analisi comparativa di differenti approcci predittivi. Uso integrato di SIG e telerilevamento nello studio dei processi di deforestazione nella regione La Joyanca in Peten, Guatemala

L’uso frequente dei modelli predittivi per l’analisi di sistemi complessi, naturali o artificiali, sta cambiando il tradizionale approccio alle problematiche ambientali e di rischio. Il continuo miglioramento delle capacità di elaborazione dei computer facilita l’utilizzo e la risoluzione di metodi numerici basati su una discretizzazione spazio-temporale che permette una modellizzazione predittiva di sistemi reali complessi, riproducendo l’evoluzione dei loro patterns spaziali ed calcolando il grado di precisione della simulazione. In questa tesi presentiamo una applicazione di differenti metodi predittivi (Geomatico, Reti Neurali, Land Cover Modeler e Dinamica EGO) in un’area test del Petén, Guatemala. Durante gli ultimi decenni questa regione, inclusa nella Riserva di Biosfera Maya, ha conosciuto una rapida crescita demografica ed un’incontrollata pressione sulle sue risorse naturali. L’area test puó essere suddivisa in sotto-regioni caratterizzate da differenti dinamiche di uso del suolo. Comprendere e quantificare queste differenze permette una migliore approssimazione del sistema reale; é inoltre necessario integrare tutti i parametri fisici e socio-economici, per una rappresentazione più completa della complessità dell’impatto antropico. Data l’assenza di informazioni dettagliate sull’area di studio, quasi tutti i dati sono stati ricavati dall’elaborazione di 11 immagini ETM+, TM e SPOT; abbiamo poi realizzato un’analisi multitemporale dei cambi uso del suolo passati e costruito l’input per alimentare i modelli predittivi. I dati del 1998 e 2000 sono stati usati per la fase di calibrazione per simulare i cambiamenti nella copertura terrestre del 2003, scelta come data di riferimento per la validazione dei risultati. Quest’ultima permette di evidenziare le qualità ed i limiti per ogni modello nelle differenti sub-regioni.

Les expressions figees dans un corpus litteraire quebecois: Analyse des traductions italiennes et espagnoles

Les expressions figées ont été longtemps considérées comme un aspect marginal de la langue. Il en résulte un traitement très fragmentaire et anarchique dans les dictionnaires, monolingues et bilingues, qui leur ont toujours accordé et continuent de leur accorder une petite place. Les expressions figées comportent, en outre, des difficultés de compréhension et de traduction dans la langue étrangère car elles possèdent des structures syntaxiques particulières qui n’ont pas toujours d’équivalents analogues dans d’autres langues. C’est pourquoi notre travail se donne pour objectif d’évaluer la traduction en italien et, pour quelques ouvrages aussi en espagnol, des québécismes phraséologiques, c’est-à-dire des expressions figées appartenant à la variété québécoise du français. Notre mémoire se divise en quatre chapitres. Le premier chapitre présentera les théories linguistiques élaborées au cours des deux derniers siècles, selon les différentes approches que les linguistes ont adoptées pour définir et classifier les expressions figées. Dans le deuxième chapitre, nous analyserons le traitement des expressions figées à l’intérieur des dictionnaires bilingues français-italien et français-espagnol, afin de déterminer dans quelle mesure ces outils peuvent satisfaire les exigences des traducteurs. Pour finir, nous expliquerons les problèmes liés à la traduction des expressions figées et les stratégies que les traducteurs adoptent pour résoudre ces problèmes.Dans le troisième chapitre nous nous concentrerons sur la variété diatopique du français du Québec et sur les particularités que les expressions figées québécoises présentent par rapport aux expressions figées du français de référence. Dans le quatrième et dernier chapitre, nous procèderons à l’analyse intralinguistique et contrastive des citations. L’analyse intralinguistique a été possible grâce à la consultation de plusieurs dictionnaires francophones, qui servent pour étudier le sens des québécismes et pour comprendre leur originalité par rapport au FrR. L’analyse contrastive permettra d’évaluer la traduction en italien et en espagnol des expressions figées québécoises.

Knowledge-Production Processes in Practice Research - Outcomes and Critical Elements

The welfare sector has seen considerable changes in its operational context. Welfare services respond to an increasing number of challenges as citizens are confronted with life’s uncertainties and a variety of complex situations. At the same time the service-delivery system is facing problems of co-operation and the development of staff competence, as well as demands to improve service effectiveness and outcomes. In order to ensure optimal user outcomes in this complex, evolving environment it is necessary to enhance professional knowledge and skills, and to increase efforts to develop the services. Changes are also evident in the new emergent knowledge-production models. There has been a shift from knowledge acquisition and transmission to its construction and production. New actors have stepped in and the roles of researchers are subject to critical discussion. Research outcomes, in other words the usefulness of research with respect to practice development, is a topical agenda item. Research is needed, but if it is to be useful it needs to be not only credible but also useful in action. What do we know about different research processes in practice? What conceptions, approaches, methods and actor roles are embedded? What is the effect on practice? How does ‘here and now’ practice challenge research methods? This article is based on the research processes conducted in the institutes of practice research in social work in Finland. It analyses the different approaches applied by elucidating the theoretical standpoints and the critical elements embedded in them, and reflects on the outcomes in and for practice. It highlights the level of change and progression in practice research, arguing for diverse practice research models with a solid theoretical grounding, rigorous research processes, and a supportive infrastructure.

What is Practice Research in Social Work - Definitions, Barriers and Possibilities

Practice is subject to increasing pressure to demonstrate its ability to achieve outcomes required by public policy makers. As part of this process social work practice has to engage with issues around advancing knowledge-based learning processes in a close collaboration with education and research based perspectives. This has given rise to approaches seeking to combine research methodology, field research and practical experience. Practice research is connected to both “the science of the concrete” – a field of research oriented towards subjects more than objects and “mode 2 knowledge production” – an application-oriented research where frameworks and findings are discussed by a number of partners. Practice research is defined into two approaches: practice research – collaboration between practice and research – and practitioner research – processes controlled and accomplished by practitioners. The basic stakeholders in practice research are social workers, service users, administrators, management, organisations, politicians and researchers. Accordingly, practice research is necessarily collaborative, involving a meeting point for different views, interests and needs, where complexity and dilemmas are inherent. Instead of attempting to balance or reconcile these differences, it is important to respect the differences if collaboration is to be established. The strength of both practice and research in practice research is to address these difficult challenges. The danger for both fields is to avoid and reject them.

Somali Writings

L’article propose un aperçu sur les différentes écritures employées pour le Somali avant l’introduction en 1972 de l’alphabet latin. Avant une présentation sur le rôle de l’Islam et la littérature somalie en arabe, l’article discute les orthographes basés sur un’élaboration de l’écriture arabe, pour se concentrer ensuite sur les alphabets « autochtones », et en particulier sur l’Osmania. L’article se concentre sur le climat culturel qui en conditionna la naissance et la (relative) diffusion, mais aussi, plus tard, sa décadence et abandon. Le développement de l’alphabet Osmania et ses caractéristiques sont également détaillés. La dernière section présente brièvement deux autres orthographes «autochtones», l’écriture Gadabuursi et l’alphabet Keddaria.

Empfehlungen zur Diagnostik und Therapie der behavioralen und psychologischen Symptome der Demenz (BPSD)

In patients with dementia, Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) are frequent findings that accompany deficits caused by cognitive impairment and thus complicate diagnostics, therapy and care. BPSD are a burden both for affected individuals as well as care-givers, and represent a significant challenge for therapy of a patient population with high degree of multi-morbidity. The goal of this therapy-guideline issued by swiss professional associations is to present guidance regarding therapy of BPSD as attendant symptoms in dementia, based on evidence as well as clinical experience. Here it appears to be of particular importance to take into account professional experience, as at this point for most therapeutic options no sufficiently controlled clinical trials are available. A critical discussion of pharmaco-therapeutic intervention is necessary, as this patient-population is particularly vulnerable for medication side-effects. Finally, a particular emphasis is placed on incorporating and systematically reporting psycho-social and nursing options therapeutic intervention.

Wohnen und die Ökonomie des Raumes – L’habitat et l’économie de l’espace

Wohnen und Habitat sind entscheidende Aspekte des Alltagslebens in mikrohistorischer Hinsicht. korrespondierend mit der Ökonomie des Raumes stellen sie relevante Dimensionen und Produkte des Handelns in Gesellschaften auf der Makroebene dar. Die hier versammelten Beiträge zeugen von der Notwendigkeit der Erneuerung des Themenfeldes Wohnen in vielfältigen gesellschaftlichen, kulturellen und praxeologischen Perspektiven. Sie spannen den Bogen vom Spätmittelalter bis zur Gegenwart, von der entlegenen Burg bis zur Metropole. Sie stellen dabei Bezüge her zu den zeitgenössischen «turns and trends» der Forschung, zu den Debatten über Wohn-, Wirtschafts- und Haushaltsformen bis hin zu den Spannungen zwischen Raumökonomie und Sozialreform, Öffentlichkeit und privater Raum sowie Mobilität und Häuslichkeit.

Psychothérapie de la dépression chronique : l’apport du modèle CBASP selon McCullough

Les dépressions chroniques sont fréquentes et souvent traitées par des approches traditionnelles. Cet article vise à présenter la nature spécifique de la psychopathologie et un traitement spécifiquement adapté à ces patients avec dépression chronique. Nous décrirons d’abord les spécificités psychopathologiques de cette population, en nous référant aux travaux de J. Piaget et de D. Kiesler. À partir de ces théories, nous mettrons en avant le modèle Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP), selon McCullough. Cet auteur propose deux volets d’interventions spécifiquement adaptées aux patients avec dépression chronique : l’analyse situationnelle et les techniques interpersonnelles basées sur la notion de transfert et de contre-transfert. Nous soulignerons la pertinence de cette approche par le résumé de plusieurs études empiriques ayant établi l’efficacité de ce modèle, sous certaines conditions cliniques. Nous terminerons par une réflexion de l’application de ce modèle au-delà du tableau clinique de la dépression chronique en ajoutant ainsi des arguments supplémentaires en faveur de l’apport du modèle CBASP au champ actuel de la psychothérapie des troubles mentaux.