Miten kokemuksesta voi oppia? : Kokemus ja reflektiivinen ajattelu John Deweyn toiminnan filosofiassa

Artikkelissa käsitellään sitä, miten David Kolb perustelee teoksessaan Experiential Learning kokemusoppimisen malliaan, mitä hän esittää John Deweyn siitä sanoneen, sekä verrataan tätä esitystä Dewey-tutkijoiden tulkintaan kokemuksen ja reflektiivisen ajattelun luonteesta Deweyn filosofiassa

Inauguration of the state capitol at Des Moines, Iowa : address delivered before the twentieth General Assembly by Hon. John A. Kasson, upon the invitation of the governor and General Assembly, January 17, 1884.

This brochure is the printed copy of the speech made by Hon. John A. Kasson to the Twentieth General Assembly for the Inauguration of the Iowa State Capitol

Multivitamins/multiminerals in Switzerland: not as good as it seems.

BACKGROUND: Multivitamin/multimineral (MVM) supplements are commonly consumed by the general population, but little is known regarding their composition and compliance with local regulations. We assessed the composition and compliance with regulations [no indication in the label of vitamin/minerals amounting <15% of the acceptable daily intake (ADI)] of MVM available in Switzerland. METHODS: The composition of vitamin/minerals supplements was obtained from the Swiss drug compendium, the Internet, pharmacies, parapharmacies and supermarkets. MVM was defined as the presence of at least 5 vitamins and/or minerals. RESULTS: Of the 254 vitamin/mineral supplements collected, 95 (37%) were considered as MVM. The most frequent vitamins were B₆ (73.7%), C (71.6%), B₂ (69.5%) and B₁ (67.4%); the least frequent were K (17.9%), biotin (51.6%), pantothene (55.8%) and E (56.8%). Approximately half of MVMs provided >150% of the ADI for vitamins. The most frequent minerals were zinc (66.3%), calcium (55.8%), magnesium (54.7%) and copper (48.4%), and the least frequent were fluoride (3.2%), phosphorous (17.9%), chrome (22.1%) and iodine (25%). More than two thirds of MVMs provided between 50 and 150% of the ADI for minerals, and few MVMs provided >150% of the ADI. While few MVMs provided <15% of the ADI for vitamins, a considerable fraction did so for minerals (32.7% for magnesium, 26.1% for copper and 22.6% for calcium). CONCLUSION: There is a great variability regarding the composition of MVMs available in Switzerland. Several MVM do not comply with Swiss regulations, which calls for monitoring and corrective measures.