Broadened T-cell Repertoire Diversity in ivIg-treated SLE Patients is Also Related to the Individual Status of Regulatory T-cells

Intravenous IgG (ivIg) is a therapeutic alternative for lupus erythematosus, the mechanism of which remains to be fully understood. Here we investigated whether ivIg affects two established sub-phenotypes of SLE, namely relative oligoclonality of circulating T-cells and reduced activity of CD4 + Foxp3+ regulatory T-cells (Tregs) reflected by lower CD25 surface density.

Why do countries enter into preferential agreements on trade in Services? assessing the potential for negotiated regulatory convergence in asian Services markets

Presentation made by Pierre Sauvé and Anirudh Shingal at the Asian International Economists Network (AIEN) Workshop, Asian Development Bank, Manila.

EU and Swiss regulatory action on Nanomaterials

Dannie Jost lectured on EU and Swiss regulatory action on nanomaterials as one of 16 speakers at the interdisciplinary seminar for young scientists was aimed at doctoral students from NRP 62 "Smart Materials" and NRP 64 "Opportunities and Risks of Nanomaterials".

Multiple regulatory variants located in cell type-specific enhancers within the PKP2 locus form major risk and protective haplotypes for canine atopic dermatitis in German shepherd dogs.

BACKGROUND Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease triggered by allergic reactions involving IgE antibodies directed towards environmental allergens. We previously identified a ~1.5 Mb locus on canine chromosome 27 associated with CAD in German shepherd dogs (GSDs). Fine-mapping indicated association closest to the PKP2 gene encoding plakophilin 2. RESULTS Additional genotyping and association analyses in GSDs combined with control dogs from five breeds with low-risk for CAD revealed the top SNP 27:19,086,778 (p = 1.4 × 10(-7)) and a rare ~48 kb risk haplotype overlapping the PKP2 gene and shared only with other high-risk CAD breeds. We selected altogether nine SNPs (four top-associated in GSDs and five within the ~48 kb risk haplotype) that spanned ~280 kb forming one risk haplotype carried by 35 % of the GSD cases and 10 % of the GSD controls (OR = 5.1, p = 5.9 × 10(-5)), and another haplotype present in 85 % of the GSD cases and 98 % of the GSD controls and conferring a protective effect against CAD in GSDs (OR = 0.14, p = 0.0032). Eight of these SNPs were analyzed for transcriptional regulation using reporter assays where all tested regions exerted regulatory effects on transcription in epithelial and/or immune cell lines, and seven SNPs showed allelic differences. The DNA fragment with the top-associated SNP 27:19,086,778 displayed the highest activity in keratinocytes with 11-fold induction of transcription by the risk allele versus 8-fold by the control allele (pdifference = 0.003), and also mapped close (~3 kb) to an ENCODE skin-specific enhancer region. CONCLUSIONS Our experiments indicate that multiple CAD-associated genetic variants located in cell type-specific enhancers are involved in gene regulation in different cells and tissues. No single causative variant alone, but rather multiple variants combined in a risk haplotype likely contribute to an altered expression of the PKP2 gene, and possibly nearby genes, in immune and epithelial cells, and predispose GSDs to CAD.

Regulatory reform - the review process.

Mode of access: Internet.

Effects of regulatory reform on unemployment in the trucking industry. Report to the Honorable Dennis DeConcini, United States Senate.

Mode of access: Internet.

Final regulatory analysis of the model year 1982 light truck fuel economy standards.

Mode of access: Internet.

The Role of health research in support of EPA's regulatory programs.

Mode of access: Internet.

Regulatory analysis proposed premanufacture notification and review procedures : Toxic Substances Control Act, section 5.

"October 1980."

Regulatory impact analysis of emission standards for elemental phosphorus plants /

"EPA 520/1-84-025."

Amending the Financial institutions regulatory and interest rate control act : hearing before the Subcommittee on Financial Institutions Supervision, Regulation and Insurance of the Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs, House of Representatives, Ninety-sixth Congress, first session, on H.R. 1903 ... February 21, 1979.

"Serial 96-27."

Energy conservation competes with regulatory objectives for truckers, Interstate Commerce Commission : report to the Congress /

Microfiche: Springfield, Va. : National Technical Information Service. -- (PB 269 746)

Regulatory water quality monitoring networks : statistical and economic considerations /

Mode of access: Internet.

Building regulatory practices and the courts /

Mode of access: Internet.

S. 219--Regulatory Transition Act of 1995 : hearing before the Committee on Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Fourth Congress, first session, on S. 219 ... February 22, 1995.

"To ensure economy and efficiency of federal government opertions by establishing a moratorium on regulatory rulemaking actions, and for other purposes"