Gritos de silêncio: na voz dos familiares cuidadores de portadores da doença de Alzheimer

This work is an investigation related to issues of those who take home care of people who suffer from Alzheimer disease (AD). Thus, it is justified by the need to acknowledge how these relatives perform this task and in which ways they do this. The study has is analytical and qualitative methodology with the use of a thematic oral history approach. The subjects of the research were nine relatives of those who suffer from AD that participate in the home care group in the Candelária neighborhood in the city of Natal in Rio Grande do Norte-Brazil. The data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and interview that was booked in advance and had full support from the care takers. After information collection, three thematic axles were defined. After this procedure, three analisys subcategories were also defined. The first thematic axle emphasizes the so called movement of rite of passage, when the relative becomes a care taker of a person with AD. The second category deals with the care takers strategies, either related to their own behalf or on their relative. It is possible to infer that amongst other forms of help, the care taker needs to rely on a support network, such as health services, groups composed by multiprofessionals that enable better articulation between family and collaborators. The dimension related to faith and spirituality was also observed and pointed out as an important aspect in the emotional support process for these relatives. In the third axle the perspectives of struggle, conquests of the right to health and life quality of those who suffer from AD as well as their relatives was observed. These also deal with dreams and hope

Condutas de profissionais que realizam a consulta pré-natal na Estratégia Saúde da Família quanto à detecção, tratamento e acompanhamento da gestante com sífilis

The objective of this exploratory descriptive quantitative study was to analyze the behaviors in the detection, treatment and followup of the pregnant woman with syphilis, by health professionals that conduct the pre-natal consultation in the Family Health Strategy, as to the adherence to the recommendations of the Ministry of Health. The study was conducted in nine municipalites of the Trairi region in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. Data were collected during the months of July through September 2007, by means of a questionnaire with a population of 53 health professionals, 30 nurses and 23 physicians. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. The results were organized in three major items: knowledge of the health professionals about the symptomatology of syphilis and their actions in the detection of the disease; actions in the treatment of the pregnant woman with syphilis; and the actions of followup of the desease. We identified that 81,2% of the professionals have knowledge about the symptomatology of syphilis in the pregnant woman;79,2% request the VDRL exam in the adequate intervals and approximately 50% conduct the treatment in conformity with the recommendations of the Ministry of Health. For the followup care of the infected woman, 79,2% request a monthly VDRL examination, 69,8% explain the disease to the pregnant woman, and 20,7% affirm that they conduct a proper reception to the woman.We conclude that the majority of the health professionals have knowledge of the detection, treatment and followup of the pregnant woman with syphilis. However, the actions of some professionals diverge from the conduct procedures recommended by the Ministry of Health, as to the requesting of the examinations, medication prescription and notification of the iesease. This indicates the need for improved

Épocas de colheita e tratamento pré-germinativos para superação da dormência de sementes Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.

Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência da época de colheita e de tratamentos pré-germinativos na germinação e vigor de sementes de Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. (sabiá). Para tanto, realizou-se um experimento no Laboratório de Análise de Sementes do CCA-UFPB, em Areia, PB, em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com os tratamentos distribuídos em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 x 14, com os fatores ano de colheita (2002 e 2003), sementes dentro ou fora do craspédio e tratamentos pré-germinativos, com quatro repetições de 50 sementes. Os tratamentos pré-germinativos consistiram na imersão em água, à temperatura ambiente, por 12, 24, 36, 48 e 60 h; imersão em água quente, à temperatura de 70, 80, 90 e 100 ºC, por 1 min; imersão em água quente, à temperatura de 70, 80, 90 e 100 ºC, até o resfriamento total; e testemunha (sementes intactas). As características analisadas foram: porcentagem, primeira contagem e índice de velocidade de emergência das plântulas. Os tratamentos de imersão em água quente (80 ºC) até o resfriamento total, nas sementes de 2002, seguido do mesmo tratamento a 90 ºC, em sementes que foram semeadas fora do craspédio, mostraram-se mais adequados para condução dos testes de germinação e vigor em sementes de M. caesalpiniifolia. As sementes semeadas fora do craspédio foram as mais apropriadas para avaliação da qualidade fisiológica, apresentando também maior homogeneidade do processo germinativo, independentemente do ano avaliado.

Efeito do vigor e do tratamento fungicida nos testes de germinação e de sanidade de sementes de soja

Soybeans seeds with different levels of vigour, treated and or no with fungicide were submitted to the test of germination in the sand and roll substrates of paper and the test of sanity. In test of germination, there were only significant differences between treatments that used soybeans with high vigour and with low vigour, regardless of the presence or absence of fungicide treatment, in the two substrates. The soybeans with low vigour no treated provided the largest percentages of seed contaminated with fungi, in contrast, the seeds with high vigour treated. There was only a slight contamination in soybeans with low vigour treated, unlike seeds with low vigour untreated, which showed the incidence of most fungi found. In the germination of seedlings normal, there are differences between treatments that used seeds with high vigour and low vigour, and is independent of the fungicide treatment and the type of substratum used. The effect of a fungicide depends of the vigour of seeds when of the occurrence of fungi associated to the soybean seeds of the cultivar analyzed.

Efeito do tratamento químico sobre a conservação de sementes de milho durante o armazenamento

O objetivo do trabalho foi estudar o efeito de combinações de inseticidas e de fungicidas sobre a conservação de sementes de milho durante o armazenamento. Os tratamentos aplicados e respectivas doses, para 1000kg de sementes, foram os seguintes: 1) testemunha; 2) anilina (936mL); 3) anilina (936mL) + Thiabendazole (120g) + Dicarboximida (187,5g) + Pirimifos- methyl (6,25mL) + Deltamethrin (0,75mL); 4) anilina (936mL) + Thiabendazole (240g) + Dicarboximida (375,0g) + Pirimifos- methyl (12,50mL) + Deltamethrin (1,50mL); 5) anilina (936mL) + Thiabendazole (480g) + Dicarboximida (750,0g)+ Pirimifos- methyl (25,00mL) + Deltamethrin (3,00mL); 6) anilina (936mL) + Thiabendazole (960g) + Dicarboximida (1500,0g) + Pirimifos- methyl (50,00mL) + Deltamethrin (6,00mL). As sementes foram analisadas quanto ao teor de água, germinação e vigor (testes de envelhecimento acelerado e de frio com solo) aos 0, 6, 9 e 12 meses de armazenamento. Os dados obtidos permitiram concluir que os tratamentos químicos aplicados tendem, com o aumento das dosagens, a gerar efeitos latentes, desfavoráveis ao desempenho das sementes, intensificados com o prolongamento do período de armazenamento.

Eficiência do fungicida carboxin + thiram no tratamento de sementes de amendoim

O tratamento de sementes com fungicida é um seguro de baixo custo para os produtores de sementes e plantadores de amendoim. O uso de fungicidas adequados pode contribuir para o melhor desempenho do material de propagação, proporcionando maiores rendimentos na colheita. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo avaliar a eficiência do fungicida carboxin + thiram e a viabilidade do uso de óleo vegetal e de surfactante à base de organosilicone como agentes veiculadores do fungicida, no controle de fungos associados às sementes de amendoim. Foram comparadas duas doses de carboxin + thiram (50 + 50 e 70 + 70 g.i.a./100 kg de sementes) em mistura com água e a dose de 50 + 50 g.i.a./100 kg de sementes em mistura com os agentes veiculadores, avaliando-se os efeitos na germinação e vigor das sementes e estabelecimento da cultura no campo. Verificou-se que o principal efeito benéfico dos tratamentos é a redução significativa de sementes mortas e/ou da ocorrência de damping-off de pré-emergência. Independentemente da dose, o fungicida associado à água, proporciona controle eficiente dos patógenos presentes nas sementes, exceto no caso de Rhizopus sp. O óleo vegetal e o surfactante proporcionam melhor cobertura e aderência do fungicida às sementes, aumentando a eficiência do mesmo no controle de Aspergillus spp. e de Penicillium sp. Não se constata efeito fitotóxico do fungicida e dos agentes veiculadores sobre as sementes de amendoim.

Biossegurança e a saúde do trabalhador na assistência a pacientes em tratamento onco-hematológico

In recent years, the biosafety has been made possible a new look which are based the conceptions of health and illness process, as well as human needs. This new vision is focused on health vigilance that is referenced specifically in this study to the worker s health. The health of workers is essential for the prevention and control of epidemics and outbreaks of diseases as well as emerging and reemerging diseases. The present study wants to show the importance of biosafety measures for health workers, showing them through the concepts in their daily work. It is also to direct the use of biosafety measures in the care of oncology and hematology patients care, because of its infection susceptibility. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the conceptions of health workers in the biosafety pratice to the patients in oncological and hematological treatment in an oncological institution in Natal / RN, as well as make a socio-demographic profile of these workers and to know their difficulties to adequate biosafety measures. METODOLOGIA: The research is exploratory descriptive with qualitative approach, using the technique of oral history. The use of this technique is justified for the possibility of analyze the conceptions of health workers in the face of biosafety measures. From the definition of analysis categories that have emerged in the study. The categories were: daily work, education, occupational risk and onco-hematological care. The research population was the health workers who provide care to patients in oncological and hematological treatment. The study was conducted in the League against Cancer, in Natal / RN, specifically in the unit Luiz Antonio Hospital. Data collections were conducted from June to August of 2011 and were interviewed sixteen employees who assist in oncology and hematology. Structured interviews were conducted in three shifts, given the prospects of expanding the possibilities of analysis of the biosafety concepts. After data collection, the interviews were analyzed qualitatively by the technique of oral history. This genre, thematic oral history is a modern resource used for preparation of documents, files and studies concerning the social experience of people and groups with the construction of a script prior to the interview moment (MEIHY, 2002). ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION: It was made a reflection about the concepts and practices of professionals who take care of patients in oncology and hematology as well as its relation to biosafety measures. The speech of employees revealed that the adoption has been very supportive of these standards, although some have been highlighted gaps in the understanding of employees in relation to biosafety and the proposed categories. CONCLUSION: The analysis of information showed that biosafety has been cited by employees as an immeasurable benefit to safety and occupational health. And the strengths marks in their understanding were: the excellence of care and safety in occupational diseases risk reduction and infections resulting from their work activities, despite some difficulties in adopting appropriate biosafety standards

O conhecimento e as atitudes das famílias de pacientes em tratamento em tuberculose na atenção primária à saúde

This study thus sought to examine knowledge about TB and attitudes of patients families in disease treatment in Primary Health Care in Natal- RN. To this end, a cross-sectional study was undertaken through a questionnaire with families of patients diagnosed with TB and follow up by APS from Natal. The study subjects were recruited from a non-probabilistic way, by convenience, contemplating a sample of 50 families. Among the criteria considered for inclusion of subjects, older than 18 years were considered, as well as residing with the TB patient and in Natal and availability to participate in the research. Data collection was performed by own researcher and an assistant, through a questionnaire with families of patients diagnosed with TB following the double independent digitalization of data. In the analytical phase, was initially conducted an exploratory phase and univariate data, with description of the position measurements (mean, median, mode) and dispersion (confidence interval and standard deviation). In bivariate analysis, it was conducted an intersection of dependent variables of knowledge e and changes of attitude dichotomous, with each of the independent variables, using contingency tables and calculating the chi-square test and, when appropriate, the Fisher exact test. In 2x2 tables, calculated the odds ratio (OR) with confidence intervals of 95% (95% CI). From the selected sample, 43 (86%) subjects were female, average age and median respectively of 46.64 and 46.50 years, 25 (50%) had elementary school. The knowledge expressed by family members about TB was considered satisfactory. However, the lack of interest of the family (54%) in seeking information about tuberculosis; the wrong way of reply in relation to the organism causing the disease (64%); the water content (62%) and contaminated food (54% ) as a means of spreading TB was a weakness identified in the investigation. Regarding the time of transmission, 90% of respondents indicated not know or answered wrong. From investigated independent variables, only two were associated with lack of knowledge of TB, and they did not have religion (OR: 0.146, 95% CI: 0.027 to 0.800) and income below 1, 7 minimum wages (OR: 0.155, 95% CI: 0.029 to 0.813). Thus they seem to exercise a protective effect on this outcome. As for the changes in attitude, most of the found variables had no association with statistical significance, except no internet access (OR: 0.212, 95% CI: 0,048-0, 935). Most attitudes were positive in relation to TB patient. Results have demonstrated weaknesses in TB care, which has taken on a more individual and welfare character. Data not only express health outcomes produced by health services, but also the political and social situation of the families that are affected by TB

Desistência ao tratamento de usuários de crack no centro de atenção pssicosocial em Campina Grande/PB

This study aimed to analyze the phenomenon of abdication of monitoring/treatment of crack users in a CAPS AD in Campina Grande-PB. That s an exploratory , description approach ,whose theoretical focus was historical-dialect of public politics on alcohol and drugs. The information collected was realized by using the technique of semi-structured interviews, combined with the crack users registered in CAPS AD in Campina Grande between 2007 and 2011.The material collected was subjected to thematic analysis method, obtaining the extraction of the following categories and subcategories of analysis: CATEGORY 1: Factors of abdication of monitoring/treatment in CAPS AD in Campina Grande PB with subcategory 1.1. Abdication on their own , 1.2. To take work/employment, 1.3 . Search for more intensive treatment , 1.4. Due to relapse; CATEGORY 2 : Treatment/monitoring in CAPS AD to the subcategory, 2.1. The dependence of crack and family support as reasons that led to frequent CAPS AD. CATEGORY 3: Living with crack addiction without treatment/monitoring in CAPS AD with the subcategory, 3.1. Religiosity as a therapeutic tool .The results showed a distance between priority for community treatment and the reality where there is lack of information about this kind of treatment and the admission as a solution. The discourse about the abdication of treatment of crack users make reference to the importance of family support, to the influence for the phenomenon of relapse and the affection to religious conceptions. Although the subjects recognize the qualifications of CAPS AD treatment, they try by themselves or by family influence, another ways of hospitalization. This leads us to conclude that it is necessary reflection and assessment of the work of CAPS AD. Counting on the social changes and the need of answers that the phenomenon requires

Análise da adesão ao tratamento e da qualidade de vida de pessoas com úlcera venosa

The therapeutic adherence is still a big problem among people with venous ulcers (VU) because the treatment is long, expensive and demand changes in lifestyle. In this context, this study aims to examine treatment adherence and quality of life (QOL) of people with VU assisted at primary health care. This is an analytical, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach to treatment and data analysis. The study had the scenario 13 Family Health Units and 02 Units Mixed of Natal. The target population consisted of 44 persons with UV indicated by the teams of the Family Health Strategy between February and April 2014. Three instruments were used: an instrument to characterize the sociodemographic, health and care aspects, the Multidimensional Scale of Adherence Therapy composed of the dimensions: healthy lifestyle, compressive therapy and neurovascular monitoring and the Charing Cross Venous Ulcer Questionnaire (CCVUQ) that evaluates QOL in persons with VU composed by the domains: Total Score, Social Interaction, Domestic Activities, Aesthetics and Emotional State. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee in Research of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, CAAE: 07556312.0.0000.5537. The data concerning the sociodemographic characteristics showed that there was a predominance of females (65.9%), age range as of 60 years (59.1%) and income of up to 1 minimum wage (81.8%). With the characterization of health, it was evident that most people reported chronic diseases (63.6%), sleep more than 6 hours (81.8%), present pain (81.8%), denying alcoholism (86 4%) and smoking (77.3%) and showed a number greater than or equal to 1 (77.3%) recurrences. Concerning the therapeutic adherence was found that in the dimension compressive therapy there poor adherence. No associations between the domains of adherence and sociodemographic and health variables were found. Was observed, however, better adherence among individuals without pain and with higher schooling. When analyzed the averages of the dimensions of therapeutic adherence with the care characteristics there was statistical significance between: adherence to compression therapy and guidance for use of compressive therapy (p = 0.002) and guidance for regular exercise (p = 0.026). Considering the mean of total score of CCVUQ (mean 51.47, SD 18.33) it is observed that the overall QOL of respondents has approximate value of the median of the scale (50). The mean of the domain Social Interaction (mean 44.23, SD 21.38) and Domestic Activities (mean 45.70, SD 23.21) were those who reported better QOL. There were weak correlations but significant between adherence to healthy lifestyle and Domains Total Score (p = 0.012), social interaction (p-value = 0.048), Aesthetics (p-value = 0.025) and Emotional State (0.017) of CCVUQ. From the data analysis it is concluded that among people with UV, there poor adherence to compressive therapy. Furthermore, we found no statistically significant association between treatment adherence and sociodemographic and health characteristics. It is added that there was a correlation between the healthy lifestyle dimension and domains CCVUQ

Atuação e o conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem quanto a morte encefálica e manutenção do potencial doador de órgãos e tecidos para transplantes

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Conservação e qualidade de mangas 'Palmer' submetidas a tratamento com fungicidas e hidrotérmico

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Respostas pós-colheita de abacaxi 'Pérola' no tratamento com calor e armazenagem refrigerada

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de diferentes temperaturas de armazenamento e do tratamento inicial a 40 ºC, por 24 horas, na preservação de abacaxis 'Pérola'. Os abacaxis foram colhidos no estádio de maturação pintado, tratados com calor e foram mantidos sob condição de ambiente (25 ºC e 75-80% UR) ou refrigerados durante 17 dias, a 8 ºC, ou 14 ºC. Após este período, foram transferidos para condição de ambiente, 25 ºC e 75-80% UR. As avaliações foram realizadas no início (0 dia) e após 1; 5; 9; 13 ou 17 dias. Os frutos armazenados sob refrigeração foram transferidos para o ambiente e também foram avaliados aos 21, 25 ou 29 dias. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial (2x3x9), tendo-se os fatores, frutos tratados com calor ou não, três temperaturas de armazenamento e 9 épocas de avaliação. Os frutos foram avaliados quanto à perda de massa fresca, coloração externa, resistência da casca e da polpa, rendimento em polpa, além da intensidade respiratória. A perda de massa fresca e a resistência da casca e da polpa foram maiores nos frutos armazenados sob condição ambiente quando comparada à perda de massa e resistência dos abacaxis armazenados sob refrigeração, com variação na coloração da casca, de verde para amarela, com a evolução do tempo. Os abacaxis mantidos sob refrigeração a 8 ºC ou 14 ºC tiveram vida útil de 29 dias, enquanto os abacaxis mantidos a 25 ºC foram descartados após 17 dias. Abacaxis tratados com calor apresentaram a maior taxa respiratória, enquanto aqueles mantidos a 8 ºC apresentaram a menor atividade respiratória, tanto sob refrigeração como em condição ambiente.

Características químicas de abacaxi 'Pérola' após tratamento com calor e armazenagem em três temperaturas

Avaliou-se o efeito do tratamento térmico (40ºC por 24 horas) e de diferentes temperaturas de armazenamento (8ºC, 14ºC e 25ºC, a 90%UR), na conservação pós-colheita de abacaxis 'Pérola', colhidos no ponto de maturação pintado. As avaliações foram realizadas no início (0 dia), visando à caracterização inicial dos frutos, e após 1; 5; 9; 13 e 17 dias, quando os mantidos sob refrigeração foram transferidos para condição ambiente (25ºC, 75-80% UR), e avaliados aos 21; 25 e 29 dias. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial (2x3x9), tendo-se os frutos tratados termicamente ou não, o armazenamento a 25ºC, 14ºC e 8ºC e nove épocas de avaliação. Os frutos foram avaliados quanto à ocorrência de podridões e de escurecimento interno, aparência e coloração da polpa, teores de sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez titulável (AT), açúcares solúveis totais e redutores e ácido ascórbico, além da relação SS/AT. Os resultados indicam que a coloração da polpa se tornou mais amarela durante o período refrigerado, enquanto os valores da AT aumentaram. Neste período, a relação SS/AT reduziu-se, mas aumentou com a transferência dos frutos para o ambiente, enquanto os teores de açúcares solúveis totais e redutores diminuíram, e estabilizaram-se. Os teores de ácido ascórbico mantiveram-se sem diferenças significativas, mas com tendência de aumento. Os frutos mantidos sob refrigeração apresentaram sintomas de injúria pelo frio, que apareceram em 8 dias, após serem levados ao ambiente, e com maior intensidade nos tratados termicamente.

Uso de tratamento hidrotérmico e ácido clorídrico na qualidade de lichia 'Bengal'

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)