Hamburgs deutsche Juden bis zur Auflösung der Dreigemeinden 1811

von M. Grundwald

Festschrift zum hundertjährigen Bestehen des Israelitischen Tempels in Hamburg 1818 - 1918

hrsg. von D. Leimdörfer

Aus der Geschichte der Juden in Köln am Rhein : ein Gang durch d. deutsche Geschichte

von Fr. Stolle

Das deutsche Judentum in politischer, wirtschaftlicher und kultureller Hinsicht : Vortrag des Syndikus des Centralvereins deutscher Staatsbürger jüdischen Glaubens ...

Alfred Wiener ..., am 25. Februar 1924

Jüdisches aus der deutsch-polnischen Übergangszeit : Posen 1918 - 1920

von Max Kollenscher

Geschichte der Judenfrage in Polen

von Anton Marylski. Deutsche Ausg. bes. von J. T. J.

Lemberg : eine kritische Beleuchtung des Judenpogroms vom 21. bis 23. November 1918

von S. Gewürz

Der Lemberger Judenpogrom : (November 1918 - Jänner 1919)

Josef Benow

Die polnischen Judenpogrome im November und Dezember 1918 : Tatsachen und Dokumente

L. Chasanowitsch

Victims of War must be loyal to deserve protection: International law and national legislation on enemy aliens 1907-1918

In international law the internment of civilians has only been regulated in writing in the context of the 4th Geneva Convention of 1949. Nevertheless this did not mean that civilians were not protected by at least some rules of customary international law before that date and especially in World War I. Furthermore specialists of international law expected states – at least those considered to be part of the community of civilized nations – to continue to treat all men equal before the law even in wartime. As research already conducted (Bird, Panayi, Fischer) has shown, this was not the case during World War I. Based on these findings the presentation proposed here wants to look into the development of international law and into some national preparations for treating so called “enemy aliens” in the period before 1914 (Austria-Hungary, Australia, United Kingdom), in order to see to what extent principles of international law protecting civilians from the consequences of war can be detected in the pre-war preparations. As far as can be judged so far the issue of loyalty was central in this context. Looking at the war itself, the presentation proposed here will try to look at how far the principles of international law alluded to above continued to influence the policies on “enemy aliens” in the countries mentioned and to see, how the International Committee of the Red Cross tried to use them to legitimize and expand its protective policies in regard to civilians interned in belligerent as well as neutral countries throughout the war.

Messung dispositioneller Selbstkontroll-Kapazität: Eine deutsche Adaptation der Kurzform der Self-Control Scale (SCS-K-D)

Self-control is defined as the overriding or modification of one’s own response tendencies. Dispositional self control capacity is positively linked to various kinds of adaptive behavior. In order to economically measure self-control capacity in German-speaking samples, the brief version of the Self-Control Scale by Tangney, Baumeister and Boone (2004) was adapted into German. The translated entire Self-Control Scale consisting of 36 items was administered to university students (N = 316, study 1) and secondary school students (N = 335, study 2). The brief version consisting of 13 items, which were included in the entire scale, proved to be one-dimensional, reliable, and valid in terms of expected correlations with criteria. The comparison between the brief and the entire scale showed that the costs of the more economical brief measure with regard to reliability and validity are low.

Die deutsche Literatur und die Juden

von Ludwig Geiger

Juden und Deutsche : eine Sprach- und Interessengemeinschaft

von Davis Trietsch