Gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos recicláveis: estudo de caso das cooperativas do município de Natal/RN

This dissertation conducted in the years 2011 and 2012, an analysis of cooperatives waste pickers in the city of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, aiming to identify improvements to be implemented to assist the management of waste from the municipality as well as to improve the living conditions of the workers who perform the selective collection, the environmental perspective. This analysis was performed by means of an investigation of the reality in which they live cooperatives and their local representation, using also the law. The research is characterized as a case study of an applied nature, documentary, consultations with the institutions related to the issue of solid waste in the national and local levels; exploratory and descriptive, the main methodological tools technical visits and structured interviews. From these methods was possible to obtain data regarding the organization of cooperatives, environmental perception of the collector of recyclable materials, among other issues. For the analysis of data matrices were used to include comments and method GUT, from which it was possible to identify numerous difficulties faced by recycling cooperatives, and develop proposals for possible improvements in various aspects of their operation, such as infrastructure and production process , which can improve both the waste management and the quality of life of workers involved in the selective collection system city

Viabilidade técnica de uma rota não convencional para a produção de leite de cabra em pó em cooperativas do Rio Grande do Norte

Nowadays, Brazil has both the greatest goat herd and the greatest goat milk production of South America. The state of Rio Grande do Norte, located in northeast of Brazil, has an average year production of three thousand cubic meters of goat milk in natura. Part of this milk production is homemade and it comes from small farms, which unite in rural cooperatives created to encourage the production and implementation of industrial processes for preservation and processing of milk. Results presented by literature and obtained from preliminary essays in this thesis show that non conventional dryer of spouted bed with inert particles is able to produce powder milk from in natura milk (cattle or goat), with the same quality of spray dryer, however, operating at low cost. The method of drying in spouted bed consists of injecting milk emulsion on the bed of inert particles gushed by hot air. This emulsion covers the particles with a thin film, which dries and is reduced to powder during the circulation of inerts inside the bed. The powder is dragged by exhaustion air and separated in the cyclone. The friction among particles resulted from the particles circulation, encourages high taxes of shear in the thin film of emulsion, breaking the cohesive forces and making this process possible. Studying the drying process and the powder goat milk production in one unit of spouted bed with inert particles, seeing the development of a low cost technological route for powder milk production is the aim of this thesis. The powder milk produced by this route must attend the local demand of food industries which need an intermediate product to be used as a food ingredient (ice-cream, milk candy). In order to reach this aim, this thesis approaches the aspects related to physical, thermodynamics and physic-chemicals characteristics of goat milk, whose complete data are still inexistent in the literature. The properties of materials are of great importance to the project of any process which involves the operations of transportation of movement, heat and mass quantity, such as the dryers which operate in fluid dynamically active regime, like the spouted bed. It was obtained new data related to the goat milk properties in function of concentration of solids and temperature. It is also important to mention the study developed about the kinetic of solids retention in the bed of inert particles during the drying of goat milk. It was found more adequate processes conditions to the proposed technological route to be implemented in small and micro-industries, with simplifications in the system of milk injection as well as in the form of operation of the dryer. Important data were obtained for a posterior stage of this research which involves the v modeling, simulation, control and optimization of the process. The results obtained in this thesis, in relation to process performance as well as to the quality of produced powder milk validate the proposal of using the spouted bed dryer in the production of powder goat milk

Turismo e economia solidária : uma análise nas cooperativas e associações de artesanato do Roteiro Seridó norte-rio-grandense

The present study has addressed the issues surrounding the Solidarity Economy and Tourism, their perspectives and contributions to the development process of local communities, as well as the connection point between the two. This study evaluated the extent to which social economy through cooperatives and associations in tourism has generated socio-economic improvements for the artisans of the tourist Seridó. The study made as to their objectives, was exploratory and descriptive, since it involved both standard techniques of data collection, questionnaires and systematic observation, and secondary research and case studies, which characterizes an exploratory research, according to Castro (2008 ). The results indicate significant improvements offered by the inclusion of members in groups (associations and cooperatives) in matters concerning health, education, interpersonal relationships, and access to consumer credit to the artisans. Through this study, one might also note that the inclusion of products and services in tourism is not a relevant factor for the socio-economic improvements observed for the elevated presence of middlemen in the marketing process

Desafíos y propuestas para la implementación más efectiva de instrumentos económicos en la gestión ambiental de América Latina y el Caribe: el caso de Argentina

Incluye Bibliografía

Efectos económicos de las nuevas medidas de protección marítima y portuaria

Incluye Bibliografía

Revisiones de desempeño ambiental en la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE)

La Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE); y la Comisión Económica para Europa de las Naciones Unidas (CEPE); realizan en sus países miembros revisiones entre pares para las condiciones ambientales y el esfuerzo efectuado para alcanzar los objetivos ambientales nacionales y cumplir sus compromisos internacionales. Estas revisiones permiten, entre otras cosas, evaluar el trabajo realizado por el país para reducir sus niveles de emisión de contaminantes y residuos y gestionar sosteniblemente sus recursos naturales; para integrar las políticas ambientales y socioeconómicas; para fortalecer la cooperación con la comunidad internacional y armonizar las condiciones y políticas ambientales en los países miembros, y para contribuir al desarrollo sostenible. En este documento se explica en detalle esta alternativa metodológica de evaluación a partir de los resultados del taller preparado como preámbulo a la revisión del desempeño ambiental de Chile que realizará la CEPAL y la OCDE. Después de los discursos inaugurales, se analizan las razones que motivaron la realización de estas revisiones en la OCDE y en la CEPE y su utilidad y beneficios. El apartado tercero se centra en la metodología seguida para las revisiones de desempeño ambiental, discutiendo los aspectos temáticos y organizativos (procedimiento, plazos temporales, participantes, papel de los distintos actores, relación entre OCDE y los países revisados, presupuesto, sistema de análisis, requerimientos de información, forma de evaluación y documento final);. En el cuarto capítulo se recogen las experiencias y lecciones aprendidas (positivas y negativas);, tópicos de especial interés, y las recomendaciones que han emanado de las revisiones de desempeño ambiental ya realizadas. El último apartado se centra en las posibilidades que se abren para realizar revisiones ambientales entre pares en América Latina y el Caribe.

Contribuições para avaliação dos impactos econômicos causados por mergulho de tensão em sistema elétrico industrial

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Oportunidades y retos económicos de China para México y Centroamérica

Incluye Bibliografía

Relações Brasil-Estados Unidos

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Análisis estadístico de los efectos sobre los principales indicadores socio-económicos resultantes de los cambios metodológicos introducidos en la Encuesta Continua de Hogares

Incluye Bibliografía

Resultados econômicos e desempenho de ovelhas e cordeiros sob distintos manejos alimentares e idades à desmama, em sistema intensivo de produção de carne

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

O turismo religioso em Aparecida (SP): aspectos históricos, urbanos e o perfil dos romeiros

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

O pólo calçadista de Itapetinga (BA): um estudo das relações produtivas e dos aspectos políticos do espaço industrial

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Aspectos de la evolución reciente de los mercados laborales de América Latina y el Caribe

En este artículo se presentan tres hechos estilizados que caracterizaron a la evolución de los mercados laborales de América Latina y el Caribe en el período comprendido entre 2003 y 2012 y que representan quiebres de tendencia respecto de la evolución previa. Se argumenta que estos cambios se relacionan con el contexto económico-productivo y el marco político-institucional. Se muestra cómo la magnitud y las pautas del crecimiento económico incidieron en las características de la generación de empleo, subrayando la repercusión de cambios entre y dentro de los sectores económicos y de los segmentos de diferentes niveles de productividad. Asimismo, se enfatiza el aporte de los cambios en la institucionalidad laboral a la evolución de los indicadores laborales. Finalmente, se destacan los últimos avances y las debilidades persistentes en el desempeño laboral, y también algunos factores que constituyen riesgos para la continuidad de las recientes tendencias laborales favorables.

Efectos económicos y macrofiscales de los recursos naturales en América Latina

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar una evolución detallada del impacto económico y macrofiscal de los recursos naturales en América Latina y el Caribe. Dado el crecimiento importante experimentado por los mismos, que constituyen la principal fuente de exportaciones de los países de la región, se analizará en este trabajo la manera en que los países de la región han utilizado los ingresos adicionales con fines de aprovechamiento fiscal y su consecuente efecto económico (desigualdad, crecimiento) en términos de instrumentos fiscales (recursos tributarios), gobernanza de los recursos naturales y el establecimiento de fondos de estabilización.