Human papillomavirus detection in women with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection in Colombia

Background: HIV infection leads to a decreasing immune response, thereby facilitating the appearance of other infections, one of the most important ones being HPV. However, studies are needed for determining associations between immunodeficiency caused by HIV and/or the presence of HPV during the course of cervical lesions and their degree of malignancy. This study describes the cytological findings revealed by the Papanicolaou test, laboratory characteristics and HPV molecular profile in women with and without HIV infection. Methods: A total of 216 HIV-positive and 1,159 HIV-negative women were invited to participate in the study; PCR was used for the molecular detection of HPV in cervical samples. Statistical analysis (such as percentages, Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test when applicable) determined human papillomavirus (HPV) infection frequency (single and multiple) and the distribution of six types of high-risk-HPV in women with and without HIV infection. Likewise, a logistic regression model was run to evaluate the relationship between HIV-HPV infection and different risk factors. Results: An association was found between the frequency of HPV infection and infection involving 2 or more HPV types (also known as multiple HPV infection) in HIV-positive women (69.0% and 54.2%, respectively); such frequency was greater than that found in HIV-negative women (44.3% and 22.7%, respectively). Statistically significant differences were observed between both groups (p = 0.001) regarding HPV presence (both in infection and multiple HPV infection). HPV-16 was the most prevalent type in the population being studied (p = 0.001); other viral types had variable distribution in both groups (HIV-positive and HIV-negative). HPV detection was associated with <500 cell/mm(3) CD4-count (p = 0.004) and higher HIV-viral-load (p = 0.001). HPV-DNA detection, <200 cell/mm(3) CD4-count (p = 0.001), and higher HIV-viral-load (p = 0.001) were associated with abnormal cytological findings. Conclusions: The HIV-1 positive population in this study had high multiple HPV infection prevalence. The results for this population group also suggested a greater association between HPV-DNA presence and cytological findings. HPV detection, together with low CD4 count, could represent useful tools for identifying HIV-positive women at risk of developing cervical lesions.

Apoyo Plaza de los Artesanos (Manofacto 2006) : proyecto casa colombiana 2007.

24 hojas : ilustraciones, fotografías.

Informe técnico : análisis de pruebas físicas y cualidades de las arcillas 2 A- 2 B- 2 C- 2 D Veredea Palomitas - Floridablanca - Santander.

35 hojas : ilustraciones.

Informe técnico : negreado de arcillas en horno a gas : arcilla cerámica de la vereda de Chipuelo Oriente Municipio del Guamo Tolima.

25 hojas : ilustraciones.

Desarrollo técnico : mapa del oficio artesanal.

5 hojas : ilustraciones, fotografías.

Desarrollo técnico: talleres de fortalecimiento técnico.

5 hojas.

Desarrollo técnico: criterios de calidad.

5 hojas : ilustraciones, fotografías.

Desarrollo técnico: talleres de tinturado.

6 hojas : ilustraciones, fotografías.

Desarrollo técnico: acercamiento a otras técnicas tradicionales.

5 hojas.

Desarrollo técnico: diseño o seguimiento a la implementación de equipos o herramientas.

5 hojas : ilustraciones, fotografías.

[Plan de negocio para la asociación de joyeros Asojomar de Marmato].

30 hojas : ilustraciones

A simulator of real-time systems specified in et-lotos

info:eu-repo/semantics/published

The reminiscence bump in the temporal distribution of the best football players of all time: Pelé, Cruijff or Maradona?

The reminiscence bump is the tendency to recall more autobiographical memories from adolescence and early adulthood than from adjacent lifetime periods. In this online study, the robustness of the reminiscence bump was examined by looking at participants' judgements about the quality of football players. Dutch participants (N = 619) were asked who they thought the five best players of all time were. The participants could select the names from a list or enter the names when their favourite players were not on the list. Johan Cruijff, Pelé, and Diego Maradona were the three most often mentioned players. Participants frequently named football players who reached the midpoint of their career when the participants were adolescents (mode = 17). The results indicate that the reminiscence bump can also be identified outside the autobiographical memory domain.

RCN4GSC Workshop Report: Managing Data at the Interface of Biodiversity and (Meta)Genomics, March 2011.

Building on the planning efforts of the RCN4GSC project, a workshop was convened in San Diego to bring together experts from genomics and metagenomics, biodiversity, ecology, and bioinformatics with the charge to identify potential for positive interactions and progress, especially building on successes at establishing data standards by the GSC and by the biodiversity and ecological communities. Until recently, the contribution of microbial life to the biomass and biodiversity of the biosphere was largely overlooked (because it was resistant to systematic study). Now, emerging genomic and metagenomic tools are making investigation possible. Initial research findings suggest that major advances are in the offing. Although different research communities share some overlapping concepts and traditions, they differ significantly in sampling approaches, vocabularies and workflows. Likewise, their definitions of 'fitness for use' for data differ significantly, as this concept stems from the specific research questions of most importance in the different fields. Nevertheless, there is little doubt that there is much to be gained from greater coordination and integration. As a first step toward interoperability of the information systems used by the different communities, participants agreed to conduct a case study on two of the leading data standards from the two formerly disparate fields: (a) GSC's standard checklists for genomics and metagenomics and (b) TDWG's Darwin Core standard, used primarily in taxonomy and systematic biology.

Respuestas fenológicas de dos gramíneas C3 y dos C4, del pastizal natural de San Luis (Argentina), a variaciones de agua y temperatura

La temperatura y las precipitaciones son factores claves en la fenología de especies vegetales y su productividad. Los pastizales de la provincia de San Luis son especialmente interesantes porque coexisten gramíneas con vías metabólicas C3 (invernales) y C4 (estivales). Para evaluar cómo se relacionan la producción y la fenología reproductiva de las especies frente a cambios de temperatura y disponibilidad de agua, evalué cuatro gramíneas representativas de la región (dos C3 y dos C4) en dos estudios: 1) observacional a campo, y 2) manipulativo en invernáculo con dos niveles de temperatura y dos niveles de agua. En el estudio observacional comparé diez años de relevamientos fenológicos históricos realizados entre 1976 y 1986, con relevamientos fenológicos propios entre 2008 y 2010, todos llevados a cabo sobre el mismo sitio de estudio. En esta comparación encontré que una de las cuatro especies (Poa ligularis), atrasó significativamente su ciclo reproductivo (38 días la floración y 16 días la diseminación de semillas). La temperatura tuvo menor efecto sobre la producción, pero reflejó un claro control sobre la fenología en las cuatro especies estudiadas. En general, altas temperaturas estivales atrasaron el fin y aumentaron el largo del ciclo reproductivo de todas las especies. En cambio, primaveras más cálidas adelantaron el inicio reproductivo de las C4, pero retrasaron el de las C3. Por otra parte, la mayor disponibilidad de agua incrementó la producción, adelantó el comienzo floral y extendió entre 15 y 30 días el ciclo reproductivo de las cuatro especies. Inviernos lluviosos adelantaron el inicio floral de las especies C3, mientras que años con elevadas precipitaciones estivales retrasaron y extendieron el ciclo reproductivo de las C4. Estos resultados aportan valiosa información sobre las respuestas de la vegetación al clima, y pueden servir de insumo en el diseño de estrategias de manejo sustentable de estos pastizales.