A inclusão da diversidade linguística no ensino básico na perspectiva de pais e professores : Um estudo de caso no interior rural

É num quadro internacional caracterizado pela crescente multi/interculturalidade das populações escolares, que se inscreve o presente trabalho de investigação, que tem como tema a inclusão da diversidade linguística no ensino básico, no contexto específico da Escola Básica com Jardim-de-infância de Ammaia, situada no interior rural de Portugal, mais precisamente no Alto Alentejo. A pesquisa, alicerçada no paradigma interpretativo, caracterizou-se por uma investigação de cariz qualitativo, mais precisamente um estudo de caso, que teve como principal fonte de recolha de dados as entrevistas em profundidade, realizadas a quatro docentes e a um encarregado de educação imigrante, as quais foram objecto de análise de conteúdo posterior. Entre os objectivos do estudo encontravam-se a identificação de algumas respostas educativas organizadas pelas escolas, no âmbito da sua autonomia, com vista a inclusão dos alunos migrantes e dos principais factores de favorecimento e de obstrução à inclusão dos mesmos, na perspectiva e concepção dos mais directos intervenientes no processo, nomeadamente os professores e os pais ou encarregados de educação destes alunos. Da análise e interpretação dos resultados ficou expresso o esforço que as comunidades educativas vêm fazendo com vista a adaptarem-se à inclusão da multi/interculturalidade, designadamente a linguística, não obstante as dificuldades com que se debatem, tais como a falta de formação da docente e a escassez de recursos para garantir o sucesso destes alunos. Além disso, permitiu comprovar alguns dados apontados pela investigação, nomeadamente a disseminação desta população por todo o território nacional e a generalização da prática denominada por «desclassificação», através da colocação dos alunos em níveis inferiores aos que frequentavam no estrangeiro. Foi igualmente possível apontar alguns dos factores que mais contribuirão para a sua inclusão, dos quais se destaca o estabelecimento de relações afectivas sólidas por parte destes alunos com os seus pares e a necessidade de fazer uso de métodos progressivos e flexíveis, adaptados às necessidades e capacidades dos alunos, capazes de lhes garantirem um nível adequado de proficiência da língua portuguesa, enquanto factor essencial ao seu sucesso educativo. ABSTRACT: It is in an international context, characterized by the growing cultural, ethnical, linguistic diversity and other aspects of school populations, which lead educational communities to severe changes, that the present investigational work refers to, whose topic is the inclusion of language diversity in the basic teaching, in the specific context of Escola Básica com Jardim de Infância de Ammaia, located in the rural interior of Portugal, to be more accurate, in the North Alentejo region. The research, based on the interpretational paradigm, is characterized by a qualitative investigation, more precisely in a case study, which had as a main source of data gathering the interviews done to four teachers and an immigrant parent, which were subjected to posterior content analysis. Among the aims of the study were the identification of some educational responses organized by schools, in the extent of its autonomy, regarding the inclusion of migrant pupils and the main favoring and obstruction factors to the inclusion of these same pupils, in the perspective, conception and comprehension of the most direct intervenient in the process, namely teachers and parents of these pupils. From the analysis and interpretation of the results it is visible the effort educational communities have been making in order to adapt themselves to the inclusion of the multi/interculturality, namely linguistic, in spite of the difficulties they find, such as the lack of formation of teachers and the scarcity of resources to guarantee the success of this new school population. Likewise, it allowed to prove some data pointed out by the investigation, namely the dissemination of this population throughout the national territory and the generalization of the practice called "disqualification”, by placing pupils in inferior levels to those they attended abroad. It was also possible to point out some of the factors that most contribute to their inclusion, of which stand out the establishment of solid affective relationship between these pupils and their peers and the necessity to use progressive and flexible methods, adapted to the needs and capacities of the pupils, able to guarantee an adequate proficiency level of the Portuguese language, as the key factor to their educational success.

Qualidade dos sistemas de informação no serviço de radiologia do Hospital de Curry Cabral

A preocupação com a qualidade dos serviços prestados pelas organizações de saúde é uma realidade. Em resultado de várias pressões e diferentes metodologias têm sido implementadas nas instituições Sistemas de Informação a fim de melhorar a qualidade e segurança dos procedimentos aí desenvolvidos. A qualidade dos Sistemas de Informação assume um destaque pela sua componente de mais-valia, neste trabalho procuramos avalia-la e verificar a sua correta implementação. A presente dissertação reporta-se ao estudo dos Sistemas de informação no Serviço de Radiologia do HCC, tendo como objetivo principal saber se os Sistemas de Informação, potenciaram a melhoria da qualidade de desempenho dos profissionais de saúde, assim como caracterizar a qualidade dos Sistemas de Informação. Como estratégia de pesquisa optamos por um estudo de natureza descritiva, utilizando um modelo de análise quantitativo. Aplicou-se um questionário elaborado pela investigadora, tendo sido aceites as respostas de 55 questionários realizados aos utilizadores dos SI. De uma forma geral os resultados demonstram que os Sistemas de Informação foram bem aceites por parte dos profissionais deste serviço, existindo porem algumas deficiências que não permite que se atinja níveis de qualidade elevados. Relativamente à formação depreendemos que existem algumas lacunas relativas ao processo de formação dos utilizadores, que podem ser colmatadas por uma intervenção adequada. ABSTRACT: The concern about the quality of the accounted services by the health organizations is a reality. Information Systems have been installed in many establishments as a result of many pressures and different methodologies in order to improve the quality and safety of the procedures developed in such places. The quality of the Information Systems gains relevance due to its “rise” character; on this essay we aimed to evaluate and verify its adequate execution. The present essay is about the study of the Information Systems on the Radiology Service of Hospital Curry Cabral (HCC) being its main objective to know if the Information Systems improved the performance of the health professionals, as well as to point out their quality. We decided to build a study of descriptive nature using a quantitative analysis method. We applied an inquiry elaborated by the researcher and accepted the answers of 55 inquiries made to the SI users. In general, the results revealed that the Information Systems were well accepted by the professionals of this service. However, some minor problems do not allow high standard of quality to be obtained. As regards training we understand that there are a few defaults concerning the process of formation of the users which can be surpassed if using an adequate intervention.

A formação contínua na Guarda Nacional Republicana : A sua importância no desempenho dos militares

O presente trabalho aborda a temática da formação contínua e da influência que esta tem na atividade dos militares para a resolução das diversas situações que se lhes apresentam diariamente. Importa comparar a formação que os militares colocados na vertente territorial recebem com as áreas onde se inserem as ocorrências em que têm de intervir. Assim o objetivo deste trabalho centra-se na explicação de como as áreas de formação desempenham um papel fundamental na resolução dos incidentes diários e na forma de atuação. Para atingir o objetivo geral do trabalho é necessário que primeiramente se atinjam os objetivos específicos que vão permitir identificar como é a formação no Comando Territorial de Lisboa, bem como que áreas são ministradas e se os militares se encontram preparados para a atividade operacional através da formação que lhes é proporcionada. Para a investigação utilizaram-se dois métodos o comparativo e o estudo de caso. O primeiro permite comparar as diversas entrevistas aplicadas a Comandantes dos vários escalões ligados à formação contínua e o segundo através dos questionários aplicados aos militares do Destacamento Territorial de Alenquer. Segue-se o método dedutivo que permite iniciar-se o estudo na estrutura existente de formação contínua, decrescendo o estudo até ás áreas de formação ministradas aos militares e quais as que consideram mais importantes e mais recorrentes no seu dia-a-dia. Com os resultados obtidos é possível afirmar que o modelo de formação que tem vindo a ser utilizado, a Formação Contínua de Aperfeiçoamento e Atualização é eficaz e praticável, encontrando-se os militares preparados para as suas missões. Contudo com a recente alteração do regime de folgas, Circular 01/2016/DO/CO, os Comandantes deixaram de realizar sessões de formação contínua devido à impossibilidade de agregar militares para esse fim. Conclui-se que se torna essencial avaliar a situação de modo a incorporar os dois assuntos supra referidos, para possibilitar a existência de formação contínua.

Incorporação de resíduo cerâmico para prevenção da retrogressão da resistência de cimentos de poços de petróleo submetidos à injeção de vapor

Steam injection is the most used thermal recovery method of oil nowadays because of the high degree of development of the technique that allows high recovery factors. However, injection of superheated steam into the reservoir affects the entire structure of the well, including the cemented layer that presents a retrogression of compressive strength and increases the permeability due to formation of more crystalline and denser phases at temperatures above 110 °C. These changes result in failures in the cement that favor the entrance of formation fluids into the annulus space resulting in unsafe operations and restrictions in the economic life of the well. But the strength retrogression can be prevented by partial replacement of cement by silica-based materials that reduce the CaO/SiO2 ratio of cement slurries changing the trajectory of the reactions, converting those deleterious phases in phases with satisfactory mechanical strength and permeability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of a ceramic waste material rich in silica in partial and total substitution of a mineral additive used to fight the strength retrogression of cement slurries subjected to high temperatures. The evaluation was made by compression, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetry (TG/DTG). The samples were submitted to a cycle of low temperature (38 °C) for 28 days and a cycle of low temperature followed by exposure to 280 ºC and 1000 psi by 3 days. The results showed that slurries with additions of up to 30% of the waste material are not enough to prevent the strength retrogression, while slurries with additions of the waste material combined with silica flour in various proportions produced hydrated products of low Ca/Si ratios that maintained the compressive strength at satisfactory levels

Détection et caractérisation de nouveaux disques circumstellaires autour d’étoiles de faibles masses et naines brunes jeunes.

La présence de disques circumstellaires signale la formation actuelle ou passée de systèmes planétaires, pour lesquels les processus de formation sont encore mal compris. Ce mémoire porte sur la détection et la caractérisation de disques circumstellaires autour d’étoiles de faibles masses (types spectraux > K5) et de naines brunes qui sont candidates ou membres d’associations cinématiques jeunes. Nous présentons ici les résultats de cette recherche ainsi que son implication pour la compréhension des processus de formation et d’évolution des systèmes planétaires. De l’échantillon initial composé de ∼ 1600 objets provenant des relevés BANYAN de Malo et al. ainsi que Gagné et al., dont seulement 600 satisfont nos critères de qualité sur les données, quatre nouveaux candidats de disque ont été découverts en détectant leur excès d’émission infrarouge dans les données d’archive de la mission WISE. Les données du relevé 2MASS ainsi que les spectres synthétiques BT-Settl ont été conjointement utilisés pour modéliser l’émission des étoiles. Les nouveaux candidats, dont les types spectraux sont tardifs (M4.5 à L0) et les masses se situent entre ∼ 13 et 120 M_Jup, ont des températures de disque de ∼ 135–520 K et des luminosités fractionnaires de 0,021–0,15. Pour deux des cibles, nous avons obtenu des spectres dans les longueurs d’onde visibles et infrarouges proches. Ces nouveaux spectres montrent respectivement des signes d’émission en Hα et Paβ, indiquant la présence d’accrétion, et ainsi de gaz, et renforçant l’hypothèse que ces objets sont réellement jeunes. Ces deux objets, vraisemblablement âgés de 40 Ma, pourraient représenter la première détection et caractérisation de disques porteurs de gaz plus vieux que 20 Ma.

Détection et caractérisation de nouveaux disques circumstellaires autour d’étoiles de faibles masses et naines brunes jeunes

La présence de disques circumstellaires signale la formation actuelle ou passée de systèmes planétaires, pour lesquels les processus de formation sont encore mal compris. Ce mémoire porte sur la détection et la caractérisation de disques circumstellaires autour d’étoiles de faibles masses (types spectraux > K5) et de naines brunes qui sont candidates ou membres d’associations cinématiques jeunes. Nous présentons ici les résultats de cette recherche ainsi que son implication pour la compréhension des processus de formation et d’évolution des systèmes planétaires. De l’échantillon initial composé de ∼ 1600 objets provenant des relevés BANYAN de Malo et al. ainsi que Gagné et al., dont seulement 600 satisfont nos critères de qualité sur les données, quatre nouveaux candidats de disque ont été découverts en détectant leur excès d’émission infrarouge dans les données d’archive de la mission WISE. Les données du relevé 2MASS ainsi que les spectres synthétiques BT-Settl ont été conjointement utilisés pour modéliser l’émission des étoiles. Les nouveaux candidats, dont les types spectraux sont tardifs (M4.5 à L0) et les masses se situent entre ∼ 13 et 120 M_Jup, ont des températures de disque de ∼ 135–520 K et des luminosités fractionnaires de 0,021–0,15. Pour deux des cibles, nous avons obtenu des spectres dans les longueurs d’onde visibles et infrarouges proches. Ces nouveaux spectres montrent respectivement des signes d’émission en Hα et Paβ, indiquant la présence d’accrétion, et ainsi de gaz, et renforçant l’hypothèse que ces objets sont réellement jeunes. Ces deux objets, vraisemblablement âgés de 40 Ma, pourraient représenter la première détection et caractérisation de disques porteurs de gaz plus vieux que 20 Ma.

Footrot caracterization in serra da estrela native flocks

Objectives: Serra da Estrela native (SEN) breed of sheep is one of the most important in Portugal, standing responsible for the production of one of the most internationally recognized cheeses in the world, "Queijo Serra da Estrela” (protected designation of origin). One of the major risks to the sustainability of SEN dairy flocks if footrot, an infectious diseases that causes lameness, decrease in milk production, weight loss and decrease in fertility.The aim of this work was to determine which parameters become decisive for the appearance of footrot in SEN dairy flocks, while establishing associations with environmental and nutritional variables. Materials and methods: The present study was carried out by performing an especially designed 27 multiple choice questionnaire, based on the underlying causes of lameness in livestock and in the clinical diagnosis performed by the vet techinichian of the clinical cases evaluated at the moment of the inquiry. The survey was performed during the execution of the oficial veterinary health program between February and September of 2014 by a veterinarian team from the Association of SEN Sheep Breeders (ANCOSE). The ovine producers (N=30, with a total of 1270 animals) were randomly selected from the extense area of production of “Queijo Serra da Estrela”. The parameters evaluated in the study were: season and consequent weather changes during the period of the study, floor types, hygiene conditions, bed types, the existence and use of footbaths, location of footbaths, foot trimming and foot hygiene procedures. After the construction of the database and using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16.0 the frequency response for each item was calculated. Results: All SEN livestock producers are proactive in the treatment of lameness (70%). About 99.7% of lameness was related with footroot and most appeared in winter (36.7%). In some occasions there was not a specific season distribution (56.7% rainiest years). From the analyzed farms, 70% use straw as a floor bed, followed by bush (21%). 45.6% of animals were clinically diagnosed with footrot and were sheltered in straw floor. Bed quality is good in 40%, however frequent changes in the floor bed in the preceding 15 days had a higher rate of footroot diagnosed cases (33,23%) compared to monthly changes. Regarding sheepfold animal number, the distribution is proper in 36.7%, elevated in 30%, overcrowded in 6.7% and low in 23.3%. Clinically ill diagnosed animals in last category were the lowest observed (3%). Concerning hoof trimming, 76.7% trims while 23.3% reported not to perform that task. From those that perform trimming, 73.9% do it only when necessary, 21.7% at the time of clipping and 4.4% when the animal is affected. One curious result was that animals who perform trimming at clipping had higher footrot cases (52.6%), unlike those who trim only when necessary (40.2%) or even when animals are clinically ill (0.91%). Mostly all in the presence of footrot choose a local treatment (95.2%) using antibiotic sprays, instead of parenteral antibiotic treatment. Footbath is rarely used in the prevention (13.3%) of this disease and when it is misconceived (25%) and incorrectly formulated (100%). Conclusion: This study is the first performed in Portugal focusing on footrot caracterization in native SEN flocks. The economic impact in SEN dairy flocks is atributed to factors such as the direct decrease in milk and meat production, the early slaughter of affected animals due to a non responsive treatment, and medical expenses. The most effective eradication method combines first of all the ability to understand the problems of SEN producers and then the implementation of preventive measures and treatment of footrot. Often linked to the lack of formation, and the advanced age of portuguese producers, the mentality and social factors block the advance of veterinarian intervention itself.

Seláceos do Farol das Lagostas (Bacia do Cuanza, Angola)

O presente trabalho consiste na apresentação da diversidade de seláceos do Farol das Lagostas pertencente à Bacia do Cuanza. Os condrichthyes são componentes comuns da fauna aquática desde o Paleozoico. No entanto, devido à natureza cartilaginosa do esqueleto, o registo paleontológico dos mesmos restringe-se, basicamente, às partes mineralizadas como dentes, dentículos dérmicos e espinhas cefálicas O lugar Farol das Lagostas contém uma fauna de seláceos relativamente rica e variada, representada neste estudo por cerca de 1.000 dentes isolados, além de outras peças esqueléticas. Foram identificados e descritos quarenta e quatro taxa, pertencentes às seguintes ordens: Hexanchiformes, Squaliformes, Pristiophoriformes, Squatiniformes, Lamniformes, Carcharhiniformes, Rajiformes e Myliobatiformes. Trata-se de uma diversidade faunística cuja maioria dos géneros possui representantes atuais. Os Carcharhiniformes representam 53% dos taxa identificados. Estão representadas as famílias Scyliorhinidae, Triakidae, Hemigaleidae, Carcharhinidae e Sphyrnidae, com 18 espécies. Verifica-se a presença de formas bentónicas e nectónicas que indicam condições térmicas moderadas, quentes e tropicais a temperadas, que habitam frequentemente zonas costeiras. A relação faunística identificada corresponde a uma zona litoral. Ora, considerando o conjunto de dados em face da presença de fauna pelágica e dos grandes predadores, especialmente Isurus hastalis e Carcharocles megalodon, podemos admitir que existisse então um Golfo relativamente largo de uma faixa Atlântica aberta (Antunes & Balbino, 2004); ABSTRACT: Selachians from Farol the Lagostas (Cuanza Basin, Angola) The present work consists of the presentation of diversity of selachians from Farol das Lagostas, which belongs to the Cuanza Basin. The condrichthyes are a part of aquatic fauna since the Paleozoic. However, due to the nature of the cartilaginous skeleton, the paleontological registration of the same ones is restricted to mineralized parts like teeth, dermal denticles and cephalic spines. The of formation, Farol das Lagostas has a fauna of selachian relatively rich and diverse, represented in this study for around 1.000 isolated teeth, and other skeletal parts. Forty four taxa were described and identified, belonging to the following orders: Hexanchiformes, Squaliformes, Pristiophoriformes, Squatiniformes, Lamniformes, Carcharhiniformes, Rajiformes e Myliobatiformes. It’s a faunal diversity whose most genera have current representatives. The Carcharhiniformes represente 53% of the identified taxa. The represented families are Scyliorhinidae, Triakidae, Hemigaleidae, Carcharhinidae e Sphyrnidae, with 18 species. There is presence of benthic and nektonic forms that indicate moderate thermal conditions, the temperate and tropical hot, often inhabit coastal areas. The identified faunal relation corresponds to a coastal zone. So, considering the data set, due to the presence of pelagic fauna and large predators, especially Isurus hastalis e Carcharocles megalodon, we can admit that then there was a relatively large Gulf of open Atlantic range (Antunes & Balbino, 2004).

La invención de la diferencia costarricense, 1810-1870

Resumen En este artículo el autor ratrea el proceso de formación de los principales atributos de la nación costarricense y procura determinar cuales eran los sentidos de pertenencia en Costa Rica en el perido de 1810-1870 Abstract In this article the author traces the process of formation of the principal attributes of the Costa Rica nation, and determines which were the meanings of belonging in Costa Rica in the period 1810-1870

La invención de la diferencia costarricense, 1810-1870

Resumen En este artículo el autor ratrea el proceso de formación de los principales atributos de la nación costarricense y procura determinar cuales eran los sentidos de pertenencia en Costa Rica en el perido de 1810-1870 Abstract In this article the author traces the process of formation of the principal attributes of the Costa Rica nation, and determines which were the meanings of belonging in Costa Rica in the period 1810-1870.

Comparison of CBS-QB3, CBS-APNO, G2, and G3 thermochemical predictions with experiment for formation of ionic clusters of hydronium and hydroxide ions complexed with water

The GAUSSIAN 2, GAUSSIAN 3, complete basis set-QB3, and complete basis set-APNO methods have been used to calculate ΔH∘ and ΔG∘ values for ionic clusters of hydronium and hydroxide ions complexed with water. Results for the clusters H3O+(H2O)n andOH−(H2O)n, where n=1–4 are reported in this paper, and compared against experimental values contained in the National Institutes of Standards and Technology (NIST) database. Agreement with experiment is excellent for the three ab initio methods for formation of these clusters. The high accuracy of these methods makes them reliable for calculating energetics for the formation of ionic clusters containing water. In addition this allows them to serve as a valuable check on the accuracy of experimental data reported in the NIST database, and makes them useful tools for addressing unresolved issues in atmospheric chemistry.

Glass transition and enthalpy relaxation of amorphous food saccharides: A review

Many food materials exist in a disordered amorphous solid state due to processing. Therefore, understanding the concept of amorphous state, its important phase transition (i.e., glass transition), and the related phenomena (e.g., enthalpy relaxation) is important to food scientists. Food saccharides, including mono-, di-, oligo-, and polysaccharides, are among the most important major components in food. Focusing on the food saccharides, this review covers important topics related to amorphous solids, including the concept and molecular arrangement of amorphous solid, the formation of amorphous food saccharides, the concept of glass transition and enthalpy relaxation, physical property changes and molecular mobility around the glass transition, measurement of the glass transition and enthalpy relaxation, their mathematical descriptions and models, and influences on food stability.

Thermodynamic Study Of The Micellization Of Zwitterionic Surfactants And Their Interaction With Polymers In Water By Isothermal Titration Calorimetry.

The micellization of a homologous series of zwitterionic surfactants, a group of sulfobetaines, was studied using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) in the temperature range from 15 to 65 °C. The increase in both temperature and the alkyl chain length leads to more negative values of ΔGmic(0) , favoring the micellization. The entropic term (ΔSmic(0)) is predominant at lower temperatures, and above ca. 55-65 °C, the enthalpic term (ΔHmic(0)) becomes prevalent, figuring a jointly driven process as the temperature increases. The interaction of these sulfobetaines with different polymers was also studied by ITC. Among the polymers studied, only two induced the formation of micellar aggregates at lower surfactant concentration: poly(acrylic acid), PAA, probably due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between the carboxylic group of the polymer and the sulfonate group of the surfactant, and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate), PSS, probably due to the incorporation of the hydrophobic styrene group into the micelles. The prevalence of the hydrophobic and not the electrostatic contributions to the interaction between sulfobetaine and PSS was confirmed by an increased interaction enthalpy in the presence of electrolytes (NaCl) and by the observation of a significant temperature dependence, the latter consistent with the proposed removal of hydrophobic groups from water.

Culturable Bacterial Diversity From A Feed Water Of A Reverse Osmosis System, Evaluation Of Biofilm Formation And Biocontrol Using Phages.

Biofilm formation on reverse osmosis (RO) systems represents a drawback in the application of this technology by different industries, including oil refineries. In RO systems the feed water maybe a source of microbial contamination and thus contributes for the formation of biofilm and consequent biofouling. In this study the planktonic culturable bacterial community was characterized from a feed water of a RO system and their capacities were evaluated to form biofilm in vitro. Bacterial motility and biofilm control were also analysed using phages. As results, diverse Protobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were identified. Alphaproteobacteria was the predominant group and Brevundimonas, Pseudomonas and Mycobacterium the most abundant genera. Among the 30 isolates, 11 showed at least one type of motility and 11 were classified as good biofilm formers. Additionally, the influence of non-specific bacteriophage in the bacterial biofilms formed in vitro was investigated by action of phages enzymes or phage infection. The vB_AspP-UFV1 (Podoviridae) interfered in biofilm formation of most tested bacteria and may represent a good alternative in biofilm control. These findings provide important information about the bacterial community from the feed water of a RO system that may be used for the development of strategies for biofilm prevention and control in such systems.

Prominent Role Of Platelets In The Formation Of Circulating Neutrophil-red Cell Heterocellular Aggregates In Sickle Cell Anemia.

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