Autoinhibition of TBCB regulates EB1-mediated microtubule dynamics

Tubulin cofactors (TBCs) participate in the folding, dimerization, and dissociation pathways of the tubulin dimer. Among them, TBCB and TBCE are two CAP-Gly domain-containing proteins that together efficiently interact with and dissociate the tubulin dimer. In the study reported here we showed that TBCB localizes at spindle and midzone microtubules during mitosis. Furthermore, the motif DEI/M-COO− present in TBCB, which is similar to the EEY/F-COO− element characteristic of EB proteins, CLIP-170, and α-tubulin, is required for TBCE–TBCB heterodimer formation and thus for tubulin dimer dissociation. This motif is responsible for TBCB autoinhibition, and our analysis suggests that TBCB is a monomer in solution. Mutants of TBCB lacking this motif are derepressed and induce microtubule depolymerization through an interaction with EB1 associated with microtubule tips. TBCB is also able to bind to the chaperonin complex CCT containing α-tubulin, suggesting that it could escort tubulin to facilitate its folding and dimerization, recycling or degradation.

Volunteering for a lifetime? Volunteers’ intention to stay in Portuguese hospitals

Purpose – The current study aims to study Hospital volunteers’ intention to stay in an organization through understanding motivation, management factors and satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 304 Hospital volunteers, mainly women, completed a questionnaire measuring motivations, management factors, satisfaction and intention to stay. In this study structural equation modelling was used. Findings – Results demonstrate that there is a positive relationship between (a) motivation and satisfaction, (b) management factors and satisfaction, (c) satisfaction and intention to stay and (d) motivation and management factors. These results present important outcomes that should be reflected in the way organizations operate. Research limitations/implications – This research was restricted to a health care context and to the opinion of only one stakeholder (volunteers). We assume volunteer intent to stay is a main predictor of retention. However, there are other variables not considered here that might influence intent to stay. Practical implications – This research indicates aspects which are most valued by volunteers and allows NPOs to design and establish appropriate and assertive management policies. Originality/value – The value of this paper is that it looks at understanding what factors influence volunteers’ intention to stay.

Solving MPCC problem with the hyperbolic penalty function

The main goal of this work is to solve mathematical program with complementarity constraints (MPCC) using nonlinear programming techniques (NLP). An hyperbolic penalty function is used to solve MPCC problems by including the complementarity constraints in the penalty term. This penalty function [1] is twice continuously differentiable and combines features of both exterior and interior penalty methods. A set of AMPL problems from MacMPEC [2] are tested and a comparative study is performed.

Solving a signalized traffic intersection problem with an hyperbolic penalty function

Mathematical Program with Complementarity Constraints (MPCC) finds many applications in fields such as engineering design, economic equilibrium and mathematical programming theory itself. A queueing system model resulting from a single signalized intersection regulated by pre-timed control in traffic network is considered. The model is formulated as an MPCC problem. A MATLAB implementation based on an hyperbolic penalty function is used to solve this practical problem, computing the total average waiting time of the vehicles in all queues and the green split allocation. The problem was codified in AMPL.

Concepciones culturales sobre el dengue en contextos urbanos de México

OBJETIVO: Explorar las dimensiones conceptuales del dengue en contexto urbano, a fin de generar hipótesis sobre actitudes comunitarias relacionadas a campañas preventivas. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal exploratorio realizado entre marzo y abril de 2003 con 130 personas seleccionadas por muestreo propositivo en tres municipios con distintas prevalencias de dengue en México. Se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas mediante técnicas de listados libres, sorteo de montones y triadas. Se indagaron términos asociados al dengue y grupos de dimensiones conceptuales. Se aplicó análisis de consenso mediante factorización de componentes principales y análisis dimensional mediante conglomerados jerárquicos y escalas multidimensionales. RESULTADOS: El modelo de consenso mostró alta homogeneidad en las concepciones del dengue (valores de 14.5 y 13.5 en los contextos de más prevalencia y de 5.4 en el de menor prevalencia). Las dimensiones comunes en las concepciones fueron: medidas de prevención, síntomas, causas y reservorios de Aedes aegypti (valor de verosimilitud: stress<0.28). En los tres contextos, predominó una concepción de la prevención basada en acciones públicas de autoridades sanitarias, mientras que las acciones individuales y comunitarias casi no se mencionaron. En la concepción también apareció una dimensión moral basada en una noción de higiene como mecanismo diferenciador de la comunidad cercana (limpia) frente a personas y comunidades externas (sucias y enfermas). CONCLUSIÓNES: Las concepciones culturales del dengue desfavorecen la participación comunitaria autogestiva en las campañas preventivas verticales y generan barreras para la modificación de prácticas comunitarias e individuales de prevención y control.

Modulation of osteoclastogenesis by antihypertensive drugs

Despite its rigid structure, bone is a dynamic tissue that is in constant remodeling. This process requires the action of the bone-resorbing osteoclasts and the bone-synthesing osteoblasts. One of the adverse effects attributed to some antihypertensive agents is the ability to alter normal bone metabolism. However, their effective actions on human bone cells remain to be clarified. In this work, the effects of five calcium channel blockers, a class of antihypertensive drugs (AHDs), were investigated on osteoclastic differentiation. Osteoclastic cell cultures were established from precursor cells isolated from human peripheral blood, and were maintained in the absence (control) or in the presence of 10-8-10-4 M of different AHDs (amlodipine, felodipine, diltiazem, lercanidipine and nifedipine). Cell cultures were characterized throughout a 21 day period for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity, number of TRAP+ multinucleated cells, presence of cells with actin rings and expressing vitronectin and calcitonin receptors, and apoptosis rate. Also, the involvement of several signaling pathways on the cellular response was addressed. It was observed that the tested AHDs had the ability to differentially affect osteoclastogenesis. At low doses, amlodipine and felodipine caused an increase on osteoclastic differentiation, while the other drugs inhibited it. At higher doses, all the molecules caused a decrease on the process. The tested AHDs also showed different effects on the analysed signaling pathways. In conclusion, AHDs appeared to have a direct effect on human osteoclast precursor cells, affecting their differentiation. Interestingly, some of them increased while others inhibited the process. Unraveling the mechanisms beneath these observations might help to explain the adverse effects on bone tissue described for this drug class.

Avaliação da estrutura organizacional da assistência ambulatorial em HIV/Aids no Brasil

OBJETIVO: No contexto de acesso universal à terapia antiretroviral, os resultados do Programa de Aids dependem da qualidade do cuidado prestado. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a qualidade do cuidado dos serviços ambulatoriais que assistem pacientes de Aids. MÉTODOS: Estudo realizado em sete Estados brasileiros, em 2001 e 2002. Foi avaliada a qualidade do atendimento a pacientes com Aids quanto à disponibilidade de recursos e a organização do trabalho de assistência. Um questionário com 112 questões estruturadas abordando esses aspectos, foi enviado a 336 serviços. RESULTADOS: A taxa de resposta foi de 95,8% (322). Os indicadores de disponibilidade de recursos mostram uma adequação maior do que os indicadores de organização do trabalho. Não faltam antiretrovirais em 95,5% dos serviços, os exames de CD4 e Carga Viral estão disponíveis em quantidade adequada em 59 e 41% dos serviços, respectivamente. Em 90,4% dos serviços há pelo menos um profissional não médico (psicólogo, enfermeiro ou assistente social). Quanto à organização, 80% não agendavam consulta médica com hora marcada; 40,4% agendavam mais que 10 consultas médicas por período; 17% não possuíam gerentes exclusivos na assistência e 68,6% não realizavam reuniões sistemáticas de trabalho com a equipe. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados apontam que além de garantir a distribuição mais homogênea de recursos, o programa precisa investir no treinamento e disseminação do manejo do cuidado, conforme evidenciado nos resultados da organização de trabalho.

Case-control study on infant mortality in Southern Brazil

OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors associated with infant mortality and, more specifically, with neonatal mortality. METHODS: A case-control study was carried out in the municipality of Caxias do Sul, Southern Brazil. Characteristics of prenatal care and causes of mortality were assessed for all live births in the 2001-2002 period with a completed live-birth certificate and whose mothers lived in the municipality. Cases were defined as all deaths within the first year of life. As controls, there were selected the two children born immediately after each case in the same hospital, who were of the same sex, and did not die within their first year of life. Multivariate analysis was performed using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: There was a reduction in infant mortality, the greatest reduction was observed in the post-neonatal period. The variables gestational age (<36 weeks), birth weight (<2,500 g), and 5-minute Apgar (<6) remained in the final model of the multivariate analysis, after adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: Perinatal conditions comprise almost the totality of neonatal deaths, and the majority of deaths occur at delivery. The challenge for reducing infant mortality rate in the city is to reduce the mortality by perinatal conditions in the neonatal period.

Trabalho por projectos na educação de infância: mapear aprendizagens, integrar metodologias

O objectivo deste trabalho é demonstrar a importância da introdução da metodologia de trabalho de projecto desde os primeiros anos, como forma de promover propostas de qualidade para a educação de infância. Em “pano de fundo” o presente trabalho é ilustrativo, também, da aplicação da metodologia de trabalho de projecto entre formadores de formadores, com sensibilidades e competências diversificadas que, ao longo dos 1 últimos anos, têm vindo a “colocar andaimes” através de projectos realizados no âmbito da prática profissional supervisionada no contexto de uma instituição de formação de professores e educadores

Avaliação da aptidão física funcional em idosos hipertensos da Cidade da Praia - Cabo Verde

Mestrado em Fisioterapia.

Currículo e Necessidades Educativas Especiais

Esta brochura foi produzida no contexto do Programa Supervisão, Acompanhamento e Avaliação do Período Probatório de Professores, desenvolvido no âmbito de um protocolo celebrado entre o Ministério da Educação, através da Direcção-Geral dos Recursos Humanos da Educação (DGRHE) e a Universidade de Aveiro, através do Laboratório de Avaliação da Qualidade Educativa (LAQE).

“Um presente feito de muitos passados”: a formação de educadores e professores na Escola de Benfica

Este texto foi apresentado no Encontro Comemorativo dos 150 Anos da Formação de Professores em Portugal, que se realizou na Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa, em Dezembro de 2012. Numa primeira abordagem realçamos o papel das escolas normais e escolas do magistério primário na construção da profissionalidade docente e, em seguida, procuramos identificar ruturas e continuidades nas finalidades e nos processos formativos da Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa

Prevalência de Diabetes Mellitus em Pelotas, RS: um estudo de base populacional

OBJETIVO: Comparar a prevalência de Diabetes Mellitus em população adulta, residente em área urbana, segundo auto-referência e valores de exame de glicemia de jejum. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se um estudo transversal de base populacional, com 1.968 pessoas de 20 a 69 anos, residentes na zona urbana da cidade de Pelotas, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, em 2000. Estimou-se uma amostra de 1.800 indivíduos. Realizaram-se visitas domiciliares em 40 setores censitários sorteados aleatoriamente. Foi aplicado um questionário padronizado a todos participantes da pesquisa, incluindo perguntas sobre a presença de "açúcar no sangue", e quando afirmativo, se algum médico havia confirmado a doença. Uma subamostra de 367 participantes foi sorteada para realização de exames, entre os quais glicemia de jejum. Adotou-se como ponto de corte da glicemia de jejum para reconhecimento de diabetes 126 mg/dl e 140 mg/dl. Os resultados foram apresentados na forma de freqüência e respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95%. RESULTADOS: Dos entrevistados, 110 (5,6%; IC 95%: 4,6-6,6) referiram a presença de Diabetes Mellitus com diagnóstico confirmado pelo médico. Para as 367 pessoas submetidas aos exames laboratoriais, a prevalência de diabetes auto-referido e confirmada por médico foi de 7,1% (IC 95%: 4,5-9,7). CONCLUSÕES: As estimativas de prevalência encontradas são compatíveis com as obtidas em outras investigações nacionais. Os estudos epidemiológicos de base populacional são raros no Brasil e podem contribuir para o planejamento em saúde.

Motivations which influence volunteers' satisfaction

In this paper we attempt to find out which motivations influence volunteers satisfaction. So, in a first moment, we categorize satisfaction through a factor analysis and then use linear regression models to find out the relations previously mentioned. Furthermore we analyse the existence of correlations between some demographic attributes and the other variables. In this research the population under study includes volunteers that work in the health area, more precisely volunteers that work in hospital and have direct contact with patients and their families. We obtained a total of 327 questionnaires and after excluding incomplete answers we get 304 questionnaires which embody a response rate of 36%. The outcomes of our analysis reveal that we can categorize satisfaction into intrinsic and extrinsic categories and show that motivations related to belonging and protection and career recognition are the ones influencing extrinsic satisfaction; motivations associated to development and learning and altruism are the ones with higher effect in intrinsic satisfaction. There are some negative correlations between age and extrinsic satisfaction, between years of participation and extrinsic satisfaction, between education and the motivation related to belonging and protection and between age and the motivation related to career recognition. There is only one positive correlation between hours per week and intrinsic satisfaction. The results offer new insights for research about volunteers’ motivations, motive fulfillment and volunteer satisfaction. Furthermore the outcomes advocate that to ensure satisfied volunteers, their motivations must be identified in a timely and appropriate moment, meaning that should happened as early as possible.