868 resultados para Leader
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Monogr??fico con el t??tulo: Educaci??n Social en la escuela. Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n
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El virus de l'hepatitis C (VHC) provoca una hepatitis crnica que afecta a ms de 170 milions de persones d'arreu del mn. s un virus petit que es classifica dins de la famlia Flaviviridae i s un virus d'RNA de cadena positiva amb un genoma d'aproximadament 9.600 nucletids. A l'extrem 5' del genoma viral s'hi troba una regi no codificant (5'NCR) que comprn els primers 341 nucletids i la seva funci est relaciona amb la traducci. Immediatament desprs hi ha una pauta de lectura oberta ORF que acaba en un nic cod d'aturada i codifica una poliprotena de 3.010 aminocids. A continuaci l'extrem 3' no codificant (3'NCR), que malgrat es desconeixen les seves funcions exactes, s'ha demostrat que s essencial per a la replicaci vrica. La nica poliprotena generada s processada co- i postraduccionalment mitjanant proteases de l'hoste i vriques, donant lloc a les protenes estructurals (Core, E1 i E2-p7) i no estructurals (NS2-NS5B). Igual que la majoria de virus RNA, el VHC es caracteritza per tenir una taxa de mutaci elevada. De fet, el genoma del virus no es pot definir com una nica seqncia sin per una poblaci de variants molt relacionades entre s. A aquesta manera d'organitzar la informaci gentica se l'anomena quasiespcie viral i una de les seves implicacions principals s la facilitat amb qu sorgeixen resistents al tractament. Els tractaments disponibles sn llargs, cars, provoquen efectes secundaris considerables i noms es resolen completament el 40% dels casos. Per aquesta ra es busquen altres solucions teraputiques per combatre el virus entre les quals s'hi inclouen diferents estratgies. Una de les ms innovadores i prometedores s la utilitzaci de ribozims dirigits directament contra el genoma del virus. Aquest treball es centra en l'estudi de les noves estratgies teraputiques basades en ribozims, concretament la ribonucleasa P. La ribonucleasa P s un ribozim que est present en tots els organismes ja que s l'enzim responsable de la maduraci dels precursors d'RNA de transferncia. El ms interessant a nivell teraputic s que s'ha demostrat que es pot dirigir la seva activitat cap a qualsevol RNA utilitzant una seqncia guia d'RNA que quan hibrida amb l'RNA diana, l'hbrid imita l'estructura secundria del substrat natural. En el cas del VHC, s'han estudiat ribozims dependents de seqncia (ribozims derivats d'RNAs satllits i de viroides de plantes), sempre dirigits contra la regi ms conservada del virus per evitar una disminuci de l'eficincia del ribozim deguda a la variaci de la diana. La ribonucleasa P s una endonucleasa d'activitat molt especfica i es diferencia dels altres ribozims naturals en el sistema de reconeixement del substrat, reconeix elements estructurals i no de seqncia. L'objectiu final del treball s tallar in vitro l'RNA del VHC aprofitant la propietat que presenta aquest ribozim de reconixer elements estructurals i no de seqncia ja que per a un mateix nombre de seqncies, el nombre d'estructures viables que pot adoptar l'RNA genmic s molt ms petit i per tant la variabilitat de la diana disminueix. S'han estudiat dos models d'RNasa P, la RNasa P humana guiada per seqncia guia externa (EGS) i l'RNA M1 de l'RNasa P d'E.coli unit a la seqncia guia per l'extrem 3' (ribozim M1GS). Abans per de dirigir el ribozim, s'han estudiat l'estructura i la variabilitat d'una regi del genoma del virus ja que s'ha descrit que sn factors que poden limitar l'eficincia de qualsevol ribozim. Derivat d'aquests estudis s'aporten dades sobre accessibilitat i variabilitat d'una regi interna del genoma del virus de l'hepatitis C, la zona d'uni de la regi E2/NS2 (regi 2658-2869). L'estudi d'accessibilitat revela que la regi 2658-2869 del genoma del virus cont dominis oberts i tancats i que la transici entre uns i altres no s brusca si es compara amb altres regions d'estructura coneguda (regi 5' no codificant). Els resultats dels assajos in vitro amb els dos models de RNasa P mostren que s'ha aconseguit dirigir tant la ribonucleasa P humana com el ribozim M1GS cap a una zona, predeterminada segons l'estudi d'accessibilitat, com a poc estructurada i tallar l'RNA del virus. De l'anlisi de mutacions, per, es dedueix que la regi estudiada s variable. Tot i dirigir el ribozim cap a la zona ms accessible, la variaci de la diana podria afectar la interacci amb la seqncia guia i per tant disminuir l'eficincia de tall. Si es proposs una estratgia teraputica consistiria en un atac simultani de vries dianes.D'altra banda i derivat d'un resultat inesperat on s'ha observat en els experiments control que l'extracte de RNasa P humana tallava l'RNA viral en absncia de seqncies guia externes, s'ha caracteritzat una nova interacci entre l'RNA del VHC i la RNasa P humana. Per a la identificaci de l'enzim responsable dels talls s'han aplicat diferents tcniques que es poden dividir en mtodes directes (RNA fingerprinting) i indirectes (immunoprecipitaci i inhibicions competitives). Els resultats demostren que la ribonucleasa P humana, i no un altre enzim contaminant de l'extracte purificat, s la responsable dels dos talls especfics observats i que es localitzen, un a l'entrada interna al ribosoma (IRES) i molt a prop del cod AUG d'inici de la traducci i l'altre entre la regi codificant estructural i no estructural. La ribonucleasa P s un dels enzims del metabolisme del tRNA que s'utilitza per identificar estructures similars al tRNA en substrats diferents del substrat natural. Aix doncs, el fet que la ribonucleasa P reconegui i talli el genoma del VHC en dues posicions determinades suggereix que, a les zones de tall, el virus cont estructures semblants al substrat natural, s a dir estructures tipus tRNA. A ms, tot i que el VHC s molt variable, els resultats indiquen que aquestes estructures poden ser importants per el virus, ja que es mantenen en totes les variants naturals analitzades. Creiem que la seva presncia podria permetre al genoma interaccionar amb factors cellulars que intervenen en la biologia del tRNA,particularment en el cas de l'estructura tipus tRNA que es localitza a l'element IRES. Independentment per de la seva funci, es converteixen en unes noves dianes teraputiques per a la RNasa P. S'ha de replantejar per l'estratgia inicial ja que la similitud amb el tRNA les fa susceptibles a l'atac de la ribonucleasa P, directament, en absncia de seqncies guia externes.
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A influncia da liderana nas relaes interpessoais, bem como a existncia de um ambiente favorvel para o desenvolvimento de boas relaes entre os membros de uma organizao, so fatores funda-mentais para a obteno de melhores resultados e, consequentemente, melhores desempenhos indivi-duais, grupais, e at mesmo organizacionais. A presente dissertao tem como principal objetivo perceber qual a importncia do papel da liderana e a sua influncia na organizao, em contexto educativo. Procura, igualmente, compreender a influncia que a liderana exerce nas relaes interpessoais, nos resultados organizacionais e, at que ponto, as boas relaes interpessoais so importantes para a obteno de bons resultados organizacio-nais. A investigao seguiu uma abordagem metodolgica mista, no esprito do estudo de caso. Analisaram-se os dados adotando-se como instrumento o Leader Behavior Description Questionnaire, forma XII de Stogdill (1963, citado por Jesuno, 1987, p.283), em verso portuguesa; aplicado a uma amostra de 95 alunos pertencentes a uma organizao angolana de ensino superior (o Instituto Superior Politcni-co do Kwanza Sul). Como tcnicas e instrumentos de medida privilegiou-se o inqurito por question-rio que foi administrado aos alunos. Usaram-se tambm dados qualitativos, realizando-se entrevistas ao grupo dos docentes. Os resultados mostram que, de uma forma geral, os alunos tm uma perceo boa da liderana pratica-da pelos docentes, apesar de muitas vezes as suas atitudes no serem as mais claras. Pese, embora, as limitaes do estudo, as evidncias obtidas apontam para a importncia do papel que os docentes desempenham nos resultados dos alunos, e no desempenho das organizaes escolares.
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Na presente investigao procura-se descobrir qual a influncia dos estilos de Liderana Transformacional e Transacional, propostos por Bass (1985), no Modelo das Trs Componentes, proposto por Meyer e Allen (1991). Procura-se, ainda, descobrir se esta relao mediada pela Satisfao com a Liderana, desdobrada entre a faceta Relaes Humanas e a faceta Tcnica, conforme Weiss, Dawis, England e Lofquist (1967). Foi aplicado um questionrio a uma amostra de convenincia de 102 participantes de diversas empresas. As principais concluses so que os estilos de Liderana determinam o Comprometimento Organizacional, e a Satisfao com o Lder tem uma relao de mediao entre os estilos de Liderana e o Comprometimento Organizacional. So, tambm, discutidas as implicaes tericas e prticas dos resultados.
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No quotidiano de uma organizao, facilmente se constatar a influncia da liderana sobre o comportamento e o clima organizacional predominantes. Assim, o presente trabalho pretende evidenciar o grau e nvel que tais inter-relaes podero assumir no seio das organizaes. Neste universo, e tendo sobretudo em conta as exigncias da gesto organizacional contempornea, existem vrias questes suscetveis de ser levantadas. Bastaro as competncias tcnicas acumuladas e adquiridas para garantir a eficcia de um lder? Por outro lado, poder este atingir os objetivos a que a organizao se prope se no estiver provido das devidas competncias relacionais? Pretende-se igualmente determinar os fatores e condicionalismos que caraterizam o lder carismtico, capaz de tornar o clima organizacional favorvel ao aumento da produtividade dos trabalhadores, gerir equipas, estimular a motivao, fazer uso efetivo dos recursos e desenvolver a confiana nas pessoas. Alm disso, focando a dimenso do comportamento organizacional pretende-se definir o contrato psicolgico, a relao lder-membro e como esta influencia os comportamentos, a motivao e o trabalho. O estudo emprico incide sobre uma escola superior: O Instituto Politcnico da Guarda. Os resultados apontam para a existncia de uma relao positiva indiciando que o contrato psicolgico, existente entre colaboradores e liderana das unidades orgnicas da instituio em anlise, assenta no envolvimento e satisfao favorvel no que respeita s relaes lder-membro.
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Portugal viveu um dos perodos mais sombrios da sua Histria no Sculo XX, com o regime autoritrio liderado por Antnio de Oliveira Salazar, que governou o pas com mo de ferro durante mais de trs dcadas, concretamente entre 1933 e 1968, uma vez que se considera que h alterao de regime sempre que muda o referencial e a Constituio do Estado Novo de 1933. Para alm da ausncia de democracia e liberdade, o povo portugus conviveu com a fome e a ignorncia durante dcadas, foi perseguido e torturado nas prises continentais e ultramarinas, nomeadamente no Tarrafal, que se localiza no arquiplago de Cabo Verde. Em 18 de janeiro de 1934, o movimento operrio portugus saiu rua em vrias cidades e vilas de Portugal, entre as quais a Marinha Grande. Na origem do movimento revolucionrio esteve a deciso do Presidente do Conselho, atravs da Constituio de 1933, de impedir o funcionamento de sindicatos livres. Contudo, aquela que se previa ser unicamente uma greve geral contra a deciso do regime acabou por ir mais alm, sobretudo na cidade vidreira, onde o quartel da GNR foi tomado, tal como a estao dos Correios, existindo ainda hoje dvidas sobre a constituio de um soviete. Mais de sete dcadas aps o ato insurrecional continua muito por esclarecer. Esta Dissertao visa, precisamente, obter respostas a questes to diversas como quem esteve realmente por detrs do 18 de janeiro de 1934 na Marinha Grande, que consequncias teve para a poltica do Estado Novo e, finalmente, que importncia teve na conjuntura. Importa ainda esclarecer por que razo esta derrota do movimento operrio portugus hoje recordada, com pompa e circunstncia, na Marinha Grande, como se tivesse sido uma vitria. De facto, na atualidade, fala-se de uma jornada heroica, mas o Partido Comunista Portugus praticamente ignorou esse movimento at abril de 1974 e o seu lder poca, Bento Gonalves (1971, p. 138), apelidou-o de anarqueirada.
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El ensayo analiza crticamente la poltica multilateral del Brasil. La autora sostiene que Brasil se mueve en dos canales y con estrategias diferenciadas en su poltica multilateral. Por un lado, en el plano global se presenta como un lder regional emergente. Por otro, en el plano regional sudamericano y especficamente en MERCOSUR como una potencia media, que no necesariamente lidera procesos e iniciativas. La autora ofrece una interpretacin de esta conducta del Brasil desde la perspectiva de la Argentina.
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More data will be produced in the next five years than in the entire history of human kind, a digital deluge that marks the beginning of the Century of Information. Through a year-long consultation with UK researchers, a coherent strategy has been developed, which will nurture Century-of-Information Research (CIR); it crystallises the ideas developed by the e-Science Directors' Forum Strategy Working Group. This paper is an abridged version of their latest report which can be found at: http://wikis.nesc.ac.uk/escienvoy/Century_of_Information_Research_Strategy which also records the consultation process and the affiliations of the authors. This document is derived from a paper presented at the Oxford e-Research Conference 2008 and takes into account suggestions made in the ensuing panel discussion. The goals of the CIR Strategy are to facilitate the growth of UK research and innovation that is data and computationally intensive and to develop a new culture of 'digital-systems judgement' that will equip research communities, businesses, government and society as a whole, with the skills essential to compete and prosper in the Century of Information. The CIR Strategy identifies a national requirement for a balanced programme of coordination, research, infrastructure, translational investment and education to empower UK researchers, industry, government and society. The Strategy is designed to deliver an environment which meets the needs of UK researchers so that they can respond agilely to challenges, can create knowledge and skills, and can lead new kinds of research. It is a call to action for those engaged in research, those providing data and computational facilities, those governing research and those shaping education policies. The ultimate aim is to help researchers strengthen the international competitiveness of the UK research base and increase its contribution to the economy. The objectives of the Strategy are to better enable UK researchers across all disciplines to contribute world-leading fundamental research; to accelerate the translation of research into practice; and to develop improved capabilities, facilities and context for research and innovation. It envisages a culture that is better able to grasp the opportunities provided by the growing wealth of digital information. Computing has, of course, already become a fundamental tool in all research disciplines. The UK e-Science programme (2001-06)since emulated internationallypioneered the invention and use of new research methods, and a new wave of innovations in digital-information technologies which have enabled them. The Strategy argues that the UK must now harness and leverage its own, plus the now global, investment in digital-information technology in order to spread the benefits as widely as possible in research, education, industry and government. Implementing the Strategy would deliver the computational infrastructure and its benefits as envisaged in the Science & Innovation Investment Framework 2004-2014 (July 2004), and in the reports developing those proposals. To achieve this, the Strategy proposes the following actions: support the continuous innovation of digital-information research methods; provide easily used, pervasive and sustained e-Infrastructure for all research; enlarge the productive research community which exploits the new methods efficiently; generate capacity, propagate knowledge and develop skills via new curricula; and develop coordination mechanisms to improve the opportunities for interdisciplinary research and to make digital-infrastructure provision more cost effective. To gain the best value for money strategic coordination is required across a broad spectrum of stakeholders. A coherent strategy is essential in order to establish and sustain the UK as an international leader of well-curated national data assets and computational infrastructure, which is expertly used to shape policy, support decisions, empower researchers and to roll out the results to the wider benefit of society. The value of data as a foundation for wellbeing and a sustainable society must be appreciated; national resources must be more wisely directed to the collection, curation, discovery, widening access, analysis and exploitation of these data. Every researcher must be able to draw on skills, tools and computational resources to develop insights, test hypotheses and translate inventions into productive use, or to extract knowledge in support of governmental decision making. This foundation plus the skills developed will launch significant advances in research, in business, in professional practice and in government with many consequent benefits for UK citizens. The Strategy presented here addresses these complex and interlocking requirements.
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Phosphorylation of the coronavirus nucleoprotein (N protein) has been predicted to play a role in RNA binding. To investigate this hypothesis, we examined the kinetics of RNA binding between nonphosphorylated and phosphorylated infectious bronchitis virus N protein with nonviral and viral RNA by surface plasmon resonance (Biacore). Mass spectroscopic analysis of N protein identified phosphorylation sites that were proximal to RNA binding domains. Kinetic analysis, by surface plasmon resonance, indicated that nonphospborylated N protein bound with the same affinity to viral RNA as phosphorylated N protein. However, phosphorylated N protein bound to viral RNA with a higher binding affinity than nonviral RNA, suggesting that phosphorylation of N protein determined the recognition of virus RNA. The data also indicated that a known N protein binding site (involved in transcriptional regulation) consisting of a conserved core sequence present near the 5' end of the genome (in the leader sequence) functioned by promoting high association rates of N protein binding. Further analysis of the leader sequence indicated that the core element was not the only binding site for N protein and that other regions functioned to promote high-affinity binding.
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Two experiments investigated the influence of implicit memory on consumer choice for brands with varying levels of familiarity. Priming was measured using a consideration-choice task, developed by Coates, Butler and Berry (2004). Experiment 1 employed a coupon-rating task at encoding that required participants to meaningfully process individual brand names, to assess whether priming could affect participants' final (preferred) choices for familiar brands. Experiment 2 used this same method to assess the impact of implicit memory on consideration and choice for unknown and leader brands, presented in conjunction with familiar competitors. Significant priming was obtained in both experiments, and was shown to directly influence final choice in the case of familiar and highly familiar leader brands. Moreover, it was shown that a single prior exposure could lead participants to consider buying an unknown, and indeed fictitious, brand. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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In enclosed shopping centres, stores benefit from the positive externalities of other stores in the centre. Some stores provide greater benefits to their neighbours than others for example anchor tenants and brand leading stores. In managing shopping centres, these positive externalities might be captured through rental variations. This paper explores the determinants of rent including externalities for UK regional shopping centres. Two linked databases were utilised in the research. One contains characteristics of 148 shopping centres; the other has some 1,930 individual tenant records including rent level. These data were analysed to provide information on the characteristics of centres and retailers that help determine rent. Factors influencing tenant rents include market potential factors derived from urban and regional economic theory and shopping centre characteristics identified in prior retail research. The model also includes variables that proxy for the interaction between tenants and the impact of positive in-centre externalities. We find that store size is significantly and negatively related to tenant with both anchor and other larger tenants, perhaps as a result of the positive effects generated by their presence, paying relatively lower rents while smaller stores, benefiting from the generation of demand, pay relatively higher rents. Brand leader tenants pay lower rents than other tenants within individual retail categories.
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A new database of weather and circulation type catalogs is presented comprising 17 automated classification methods and five subjective classifications. It was compiled within COST Action 733 "Harmonisation and Applications of Weather Type Classifications for European regions" in order to evaluate different methods for weather and circulation type classification. This paper gives a technical description of the included methods using a new conceptual categorization for classification methods reflecting the strategy for the definition of types. Methods using predefined types include manual and threshold based classifications while methods producing types derived from the input data include those based on eigenvector techniques, leader algorithms and optimization algorithms. In order to allow direct comparisons between the methods, the circulation input data and the methods' configuration were harmonized for producing a subset of standard catalogs of the automated methods. The harmonization includes the data source, the climatic parameters used, the classification period as well as the spatial domain and the number of types. Frequency based characteristics of the resulting catalogs are presented, including variation of class sizes, persistence, seasonal and inter-annual variability as well as trends of the annual frequency time series. The methodological concept of the classifications is partly reflected by these properties of the resulting catalogs. It is shown that the types of subjective classifications compared to automated methods show higher persistence, inter-annual variation and long-term trends. Among the automated classifications optimization methods show a tendency for longer persistence and higher seasonal variation. However, it is also concluded that the distance metric used and the data preprocessing play at least an equally important role for the properties of the resulting classification compared to the algorithm used for type definition and assignment.
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In the early 2000s the threat of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza captured the attention of the world's media. While China is often considered the epicentre of the panzootic, few studies have explored coverage of this variant of avian flu in China. To address this issue, the authors examined the portrayal of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza across four Chinese newspapers at the local and national level. A textual analysis was performed on 160 articles across an eight-year period from 20012008. The study approach drew from Critical Discourse Analysis and Social Representation Theory. The headline analysis showed the extent that risk of the disease was subverted by the depiction of a strong and efficient China that was a global leader in the fight against the disease. Ideological referents were called upon to stress teamwork in confronting the crisis. The diachronic analysis illustrated how the relationship between commercial interests, science and public health risks played out within the Chinese media.
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Modern Lovers was a survey show of contemporary art practices in dialogue with modernism, bringing together established and emerging artists based in London and international artists from Berlin, Jerusalem and Zagreb. The show features video, film, installation, sculpture, music and performance work that addresses the legacy of the avant garde and the survival of its aesthetics within contemporary culture. In 1976, as punk rock was busy smashing the cultural rubble left behind by the second world war and rejecting the consumer society that had emerged from the ruins, one band bravely announced that it wanted no part in this destruction. Jonathan Richman's Modern Lovers sang about how they still loved the old world. Neither parents nor girlfriends could understand, but the decaying inner city with its false promises of progress still held a fascination for Richman, who claimed he wanted to keep his place in this arcane landscape. Punk's assault on culture was the logical conclusion of modernism's linear narrative of art as a force of innovation that must reject preceding artistic movements to establish new ones. Echoing the negations of Dada, it set out to put an end to this narrative, an end to culture. It is partly because of this inherently destructive and totalising side of Modernism that it has come under harsh critique in the post modern era. Nevertheless, we are still caught up in the same dialectic of progress, revolution and destruction. Post modernism has failed to unseat our desire for the revolutionary moment, even as it has been co-opted to the degree of meaninglessness by the discourses of marketing and Capitalism. But, like Jonathan Richman, the artists in the exhibition "Modern Lovers" keep returning to modernism for something else. Instead of taking it at its word when it proffers revolution, they turn to it in search of reform. Still loving the old world and desiring a dialogue with the past, perhaps as an antidote to the eternal present of Capitalism, they are willing to engage with its aesthetics and ideas on equal ground. Leaving behind the ironic deconstructions of post modernism, they find perspectives worth salvaging and juxtapose them with contemporary visual productions. Trading in the grand narratives of modernity for a more personal approach, they don't seek the purity of form that drove the avant garde movements that inspire them but rather revel in adulteration, dilution and contamination of the past by the present". A live performance by sala-manca was sponsored by the British Council and took place May 26th, 19:00. MODERN LOVERS was accompanied by a catalogue (14.80 cm x 14.80 cm) including essays by Avi Pitchon, the sala-manca group and the curators. A discussion panel about the exhibition themes, as well as the catalogue launch,took place at Goldsmiths College's cinema on the 27th of May at 14:00, chaired by Dr. Suhail Malik (Senior Lecturer & Course Leader Postgraduate Fine Art Critical Studies at Goldsmiths College) and with the participation of Tom Morton (curator, Cubitt Gallery, and regular contributor to Frieze magazine), sala-manca (artist group), Dr. Amanda Beech (artist, curator and senior lecturer at the Wimbledon School of Art), Matthew Poole (course director of MA Gallery Studies, dept. of Art History and Theory at the University of Essex).
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Solo Exhibition, MacKenzie Art Gallery, Regina, Canada, The project engages with current issues around art production and food provision, catastrophe and agriculture, through the medium of a performance installation. Drawing on some of the characteristics of post dramatic theatre, the project aims to develop a new visual narratology for a contemporary art performance. A large scale video installation and construction features both as an installation site and performance set, explores the relationship between performance and food provision, looking at how changes to the organic world, the world of vibrant and edible matter might affect the way we make art. Developed and produced in collaboration with Canadian company Curtain Razors and funded by grants from Canada Council for the Arts, Saskatchewan Arts Board, the project was first commissioned by Curtain Razors and the MacKenzie Art Gallery where it was shown as a major solo exhibition as part of a series of other international programming (including artists such Guy Ben-Ner and Ron Mueck). The project was then included in the 4th Moscow Biennial as part of the landmark Independent exhibition at the Art Arsenal in 2011. The project is planned to tour to varies other international venues throughout 2012/13. The exhibition has been reviewed by Gregory Beatty in Prairie Dog, Regina, by at the The Leader Post, The CBC French Canadian Television. Canadian writer curator Timothy Long artist and curator Elwood Jimmy have produced critical essays of the work, which will feature in a major new book, edited by Susanne Clausen, which is expected to be published in 2012. (OnCurating Publications).
