Amostragem de sólidos em espectrometria de absorção atômica de fonte contínua com alta resolução: análise de plantas medicinais

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Doses de lodo de esgoto compostado em produção de tapete de grama esmeralda imperial

The efficiency of nitrogen fertilization for sod production can be increased by using slow-release sources such as sewage sludge compost, which, due to its characteristics can be a substitute of part or all inorganic fertilization for grass. No results were found for the use of sludge compost in sod production in Brazil. This study evaluated the effect of rates of sewage sludge compost on the production of zoysiagrass. Treatments consisted of five rates of composted sewage sludge compost (0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 Mg ha-1, on a dry basis), plus a treatment of inorganic fertilization (300 kg ha-1 N, 80 kg ha-1 P2O5, and 200 kg ha-1 K2O). The results indicated different mineralization rates of the organic compounds present in the sludge; 120 days after sludge application, more Mg (100 %), K (90 %) and N (67 %) has been released than S (57 %), P (40 %) and Ca (31 %). The use of composted sewage sludge for zoysiagrass adequately supplied nutrients when applied to the soil surface at rates more than 36 Mg ha-1. After sod cutting, the rates of sewage sludge compost provided a linear increase in potential soil acidity, soil contents of OM, P, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Cu and Ni, and linear decrease in pH, soil concentration of Ca and Mg and base saturation. Compost rates, increasing from 0 to 48 Mg ha-1, reduced the sod mass, reaching values of 4.0 kg/sod at the highest rate. High compost doses (36 and 48 Mg ha-1, respectively) also induced the highest resistance, with values in the order of 35 and 33 kgf.

Níquel em solo e plantas de milho cultivadas em área tratada com lodo de esgoto durante 15 anos consecutivos

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Efeito da adição de moléculas anfifílicas na formação de filmes Langmuir e Langmuir-Blodgett de derivados alquilados do politiofeno: aplicação em sensores

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Características químicas do solo e produção de biomassa de alface adubada com compostos orgânicos

The objective of the present study was to evaluate changes in chemical characteristics of soil and yield response of lettuce fertilized with organic compounds from waste and/or raw materials. Treatments were arranged in a randomized block design in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme, with five types and four doses of organic compounds, with four replications, applied to plants grown in pots for 35 days under greenhouse conditions. In the soil, the evaluated variables were: organic matter content, nutrient content -P, K+, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg+2, potential acidity (H+ + Al3+), sum of bases (S value), cation exchange capacity (CEC), base saturation (V%) and pH. In plants, dry matter yield of shoot was assessed. The addition of organic compounds increased the dry matter yield of the lettuce and organic matter content in soil, favoring the increase of phosphorus and exchangeable sodium in soil, also, increase in calcium and potassium were observed, with use of some compounds. Compounds 3 (domestic, urban and industrial residues) and 4 (Commercial Composto - Greenworld), mainly, improve the chemical characteristics of soil and reduce potential acidity.

Sensory profile and acceptability of traditional and double-distilled cachaca aged in oak casks

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Cristalização convencional de zeólitas e induzida por sementes

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Utilização de composto orgânico de peixe em adubação de capim-marandu

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Estudo da eficácia e citotoxicidade de filme e sistema emulsionado contendo ácido cafeico

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Molecular design of new P3HT derivatives: Adjusting electronic energy levels for blends with PCBM

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Radônio como indicador de contaminação de solos por hidrocarbonetos

Previous studies show that in areas contaminated by fuel spill (NAPL- non-aqueous phase liquids), from operational activities, transport and storage, it was possible to observe a significant decrease of ²²²Rn (radon) gas concentration in the soil, even a non-uniform distribution of this gas in top soil, even with a geological situation was practically homogeneous. These anomalies may be associated with the preference partitioning of radon in NAPLs. This work consists of applying ²²²Rn as an indicator for locating subsurface contamination by NAPLs in an area of the city of Rio Claro (SP) where, according to the “Survey of Contaminated and Rehabilitated Areas in the State of São Paulo (Environmental Sanitation and Technology Company - CETESB), there was, in the year 2007, groundwater contamination from leaks of liquid fuels. The challenges of this research are: Promulgate the use of a new tool with greater efficiency in obtaining results, in addition to generate less impact in half and have less expenditure; disseminate scientific culture promoting greater integration of C&T (culture & technology) between universities and businesses. The emanometric technique to estimate the location, number and interfacial area of NAPL in saturated and non-saturated zone, has the advantage of locating and determining plumes of free phase even when the amount of VOC's (Volatile Organic Compounds) that reaches the surface is low or non-existent. In addition, the measurement techniques ²²²Rn are quite developed. The results obtained show that, similar to the other studies, the 222Rn soil gas presents an anomalous behavior in the area bounded by NAPL plume, being possible to note a significant deficit in the concentration of the gas in spots where the saturation by NAPLs is still critical. Therefore it is concluded that this tool is really promising, but we must be careful to evaluate the initial conditions of the area, as well as the type of...

Estudo, construção e caracterização de diodos orgânicos tipo Schttky

During the twentieth century the inorganic electronics was largely developed being present in various industrial equipment or household use. However, at the end of that century were verified electronic properties in organic compounds, giving rise to the field of organic electronics. Since then, the physical properties of elementary devices such as diodes and organic transistors have been studied. In this work was studied the properties of diode devices fabricated with a semiconductor polymer, the poly-o-methoxyaniline (POMA). Devices containing electrodes of Au and Al were fabricated with semiconductor polymer of different doping levels. We found that the rectifying behavior for the heterojunctions metal/polimer are reached only for high doping level (with conductivity greater than 1,77. 10-9 S / cm), which gives the devices characteristic of a Schottky diode. The rectifying behavior was observed for electric fields of low magnitude, below the operating field (~ 600 V/cm), while for electric field greater than 600 V/cm the a linear behavior I vs.V was obtained. We determined that this Ohmic behavior arises from the charge transport over the volume of the semiconductor material after the lowering of the metal/semiconductor barrier. In devices with weakly doped semiconductor, the electrical resistance of the volume becomes high and the process of charge transportation is dominated by the volume, for any intensity of the applied electric field

Determinação de Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb e Zn em águas marinhas oriundas da Bacia Potiguar utilizando a técnica de difusão em filmes finos por gradiente de concentração (DGT)

The DGT technique has been used to determine and better understand the dynamics and bioavailability of metals in the sea near to marine outfalls. In this work, the DGT was assessed for the determination of Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn and Ni in marine water samples from Potiguar Basin in its conventional aspect (binding agent, Chelex-100 and diffusive agent: Diffusive polyacrylamide gel (D) and restrictive (R)) and determination of Pb and Cd through its alternative aspect (binding agent: Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilized in agarose gels and diffusive agent: 3MM Chromatography Paper). The deployment curves for long periods of immersion in the sample, showed a good linear correlation for the conventional aspect to Zn (D: R²=0.9586, R: R²=0.9444), Ni (D: R²=0.9789, R: R²=0.9286) and Cu (D: R²=0.764, R: R²=0.8143), and alternative to Pb (R²=0.9228) and Cd (R²=0.9673). The results of the organic and inorganic composition analysis in conventional aspect, showed that for every element there is no significant fraction of organic compounds in the sample. In addition, considering the alternative aspect, the comparison of obtained and expected masses suggests that some of the Pb is not labile and that the main retention mechanism of Pb for S. Cerevisiae occurs through ion exchange

Espectrometria de massa para análise isotópica dos bio-elementos

Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique widely used in several areas of academic research. It allows the knowledge of the information about the micro-world of atoms leading to significant advances in science today. The analysis of stable isotopes of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, also known as bio-elements, shows itself as a major area of interest in using the proposed method. The development of techniques and equipment coupled with mass spectrometry promises to deliver even greater progress in this field, in particular, for the biological sciences and related areas. The pyrolytic method in reduction of organic compounds at high temperatures provides simultaneous isotopic analysis of bio-elements H and O, by the gases released, H2 and CO after the pyrolitic process, significantly reducing analysis time and the amount of material to sample. This paper presents a review of mass spectrometry with its basic principles of operation, and pyrolytic method for reducing compounds at temperatures above 1400 ° C for isotopic analysis of bio-elements

SnO2 dense ceramic microwave sintered with low resistivity

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)