Some effects of Earth's surface on winter jet stream positions in the Northern Hemisphere and rainfall patterns in northern and central California

EXTRACT (SEE PDF FOR FULL ABSTRACT): This report shows that the mean wintertime polar-front jet stream structure consists of three long waves. Prominent ridges in the jet stream flow occur near the longitudes of India, eastern Pacific/west coast of North America, and eastern Atlantic/British Isles; prominent troughs occur near the longitudes of the Middle East, western Pacific, and western Atlantic/east coast of North America. ... One of the climatological ridges occurs along the west coast of North America ... just off the central Oregon coast. The position of the jet stream at this location appears to be the main reason most Pacific storms pass to the north of California. Sustained rainfall in northern and central California occurs only when the storm track is displaced southward of this climatological position.

Interannual to decadal time-scale variations in glacier mass balance [abstract]

EXTRACT (SEE PDF FOR FULL ABSTRACT): The mass balance of glaciers depends on the seasonal variation in precipitation, temperature, and insolation. For glaciers in western North America, these meteorological variables are influenced by the large-scale atmospheric circulation over the northern Pacific Ocean. The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of the relationship between mass balance at glaciers in western North America and the large-scale atmospheric effects at interannual and decadal time scales.

Application of remote sensing to marine fisheries: alternative approaches

A discussion is presented on the applications of remote sensing to fisheries. The measurement of temperature, wind stress, and ocean colour using remote sensing techniques is considered.

Studies on the use of alginates in frozen fishery products

Results of preliminary studies on the use of sodium alginate as a protective coating for fishery products showed that several varieties of fishes and shell fish had better keeping qualities when coated with sodium alginate.

Chemical composition of Bombay ducks (Harpodon nehereus) and changes occurring in the nutritive value of dried Bombay ducks on storage

Fresh Bombay ducks and Bombay ducks dried (a) without any pre-treatment or (b) after brining with NaCl solutions of 15% and 7.5% concentrations for 18 hours were analyzed for moisture, ash, minerals, vitamins, fat, free fatty acids, peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid value, total protein, total amino nitrogen, soluble proteins and trimethylamine contents. All the dried samples were stored in (a) tightly closed tin containers or (b) polythene bags and analyzed for the above mentioned constituents every 1½ months. It was observed that brining did not exercise any marked influence on keeping properties. Organoleptic observations showed that fish stored in tin containers kept better and longer than those stored in polythene bags.

Population dynamics of the ribbon fish, Lepturacanthus savala (Cuvier 1829) from the north-eastern part of the Bay of Bengal

Population parameters of Lepturacanthus savala from the trawl catches in the north-eastern part of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh were investigated based on length frequency data, using complete ELEFAN computer program. The asymptotic length (Lα) and growth constant (K) were estimated to be 106.50 cm (total length) and 0.80/year respectively. Based on these growth parameters, the total mortality (Z) was estimated to be 1.89. The estimated values for natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality (F) were 1.08 and 0.81 respectively. The estimated value for the exploitation rate (E) using the length converted catch curve was 0.43. The recruitment pattern showed two peaks per year. The estimated sizes of L. savala at 25, 50 and 75% probabilities of capture were 57.49, 60.39 and 63.28 cm respectively. The estimated length weight relationship for combined sex was W=0.00093 TL(super)2.97

Belly depth studies for shrimp trawls - Part II

The paper details further experiments conducted for a reduction in the depth of belly of a 13.69 m (45') four seam shrimp trawl net. The investigations have given conclusive evidence that the optimum depth of belly for this particular trawl design should be 70 meshes.

Biotechnology: in Great Britain

The general perception of this new 'industry' is one of high-powered science breaking the frontiers of knowledge. At the same time, there is a good deal of haziness about what biotechnology is, where it is done, and by whom. This article discusses the evolution of biotechnology, then outlines the industry as it exists in Britain today. The next section considers what are some of the most important locational considerations for firms and gives both a snapshot for the country as a whole and a more detailed picture for one area, that around Cambridge. Finally, comments on aspects of the industry's possible future development. -from Authors

无机纳米粒子增韧增强ACS树脂的制备方法

本发明属于高分子材料技术领域，具体说是一种无机纳米粒子增韧增强ACS树脂的制备方法，通过悬浮聚合方法得到的接枝共聚物ACS树脂和通过偶联剂处理的无机纳米粒子在加工助剂存在下混炼即得增韧增强的ACS树脂共混物。本发明的优点是无机纳米粒子的加入使ACS树脂的抗冲强度和拉伸强度同时得到增强，且对共聚物的熔体流动性没有明显的影响。

竹叶青蛇毒L一氨基酸氧化酶的纯化、诱导细胞凋亡和抗菌作用

经过分子筛层析和离子交换层析，我们从竹叶青(n妇删l黜3蚴堍g矾)蛇毒中纯化得到了竹叶青蛇毒L 氨基酸氧化酶(聊．L旧)。实验表明，7IsV．LAO是一种糖蛋白，其分子由非共价连接的两个相同的亚基组成， SDS-聚丙烯酰氨凝胶电泳一个亚基的表观分子量为58 kDa。俗v．LA0酶比活力为1100 U／IIlg，其分子脱掉糖基 化成分后不影响酶活力。聊．LA0在浓度为1．0隅／ⅡlL以上时可以诱导C8166细胞凋亡。7rsv．uLo对实验病原 微生物具有选择性抗生作用并具有明显的量效关系，对白色念珠菌(A-I℃c2002)、金黄色葡萄球菌(A，I℃c2592)和 短小芽孢杆菌(cMccBll207)的最小抑菌浓度分别是0．3，O．4和1．0∥nlL，即使在最高实验浓度10彬rIlL，’Isv- LA0对其它实验菌株也未显示抑菌作用。

Factor intensity and economic returns of alternate shrimp crop and shrimp-salt farming in the coastal areas of Bangladesh

The paper examines the factor intensity and economic returns of alternate shrimp-crop and shrimp-salt farming in the coastal areas of Bangladesh. Data were collected from 30 shrimp-crop and 30 shrimp-salt farmers, 30 shrimp farmers and 30 rice farmers from three selected coastal districts of Bangladesh. Cobb-Douglas production function model was used to determine the effect of various factors on alternate shrimp-crop farming. The chosen variables were stocking of juveniles, paddy seed, labour, fertilizers, feed and farm size of respective type of farming. The results indicated that the production function exhibited increasing remrns to scale for alternate shrimp-rice, alternate shrimp-salt and year round shrimp farming while it indicated decreasing returns for year round rice farming. Economic analysis of same system of farming indicated that higher amount of input use produced higher level of yield, gross return and net return for each type of production system.

Dynamics of in-plane arch rocking: An energy approach

This study employs an analytical model to describe the rocking response of a masonry arch to in-plane seismic loading. Through evaluation of the rate of energy input to the system, the model reveals the ground motions that cause maximum rocking amplification. An experimental investigation of small-scale masonry arches subjected to past earthquake time histories is used to evaluate the analytical model and to explore arch rocking behaviour. The results demonstrate that rocking amplification can occur, but is highly sensitive to slight variations in the ground motion. Thus, the accuracy to which the arch response can be predicted is brought into perspective. The concept that the primary impulse of an expected ground motion is fundamentally important in predicting arch collapse is evaluated in light of the developed energy approach. Finally, a statistical method is proposed for predicting the probability of arch collapse during seismic loading.