A Multiplex Real-Time PCR with High Resolution Melting Analysis for the Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Resistance to antibiotics used against Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections is a major public health concern. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) testing relies on time-consuming culture-based methods. Development of rapid molecular tests for detecting AMR determinants could provide valuable tools for surveillance, epidemiological studies and to inform individual case management. We developed a fast (<1.5 hrs) SYBR-green based real-time PCR method with high resolution melting (HRM) analysis. One triplex and three duplex reactions included two sequences for N. gonorrhoeae identification and seven determinants of resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs), azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and spectinomycin. The method was validated by testing 39 previously fully-characterized N. gonorrhoeae strains, 19 commensal Neisseria spp., and an additional panel of 193 gonococcal isolates. Results were compared with culture-based AMR determination. The assay correctly identified N. gonorrhoeae and the presence or absence of the seven AMR determinants. There was some cross-reactivity with non-gonococcal Neisseria species and the detection limit was 10(3)-10(4) gDNA copies/reaction. Overall, the platform accurately detected resistance to ciprofloxacin (sensitivity and specificity, 100%), ceftriaxone (sensitivity 100%, specificity 90%), cefixime (sensitivity 92%, specificity 94%), azithromycin and spectinomycin (both sensitivity and specificity, 100%). In conclusion, our methodology accurately detects mutations generating resistance to antibiotics used to treat gonorrhea. Low assay sensitivity prevents direct diagnostic testing of clinical specimens but this method can be used to screen collections of gonococcal isolates for AMR more quickly than with current culture-based AMR testing.

Tante Emma im Datenwald. Mit Kundendaten zu besseren Dienstleistungen und Kundenbeziehungen

Der Begriff »Tante Emma« steht für individuelle Dienstleistungen auf der Basis von persönlichen Kundenbeziehungen. Moderne Dienstleistungsunternehmen versuchen, denselben Effekt mit datengestütztem Beziehungsmanagement zu erzielen. Auch Bibliotheken könnten verfügbare Kundendaten vermehrt dazu nutzen, ihre Dienstleistungen zu personalisieren und damit die Kundenbindung zu erhöhen. Marianne Ingold gibt einen kurzen Einblick über Chancen und Risiken, die diese Form der Kundenbeziehung mit sich bringen kann.

Discurso sobre la necesidad de la quimia (A) en la teoria y practica de la medicina: leido en el Real Colegio de Medicina y Cirugia de Cadiz el primero de octubre de 1795 /

Mode of access: Internet.

Primera y segunda parte de las Grandezas y cosas notables de España /

MTSD 0121.

Salahaddin-i Eyyübi /

Özege, M.S. Eski harflerle,

Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn al-Ayyūbī : riwāyah tārīkhīyah /

Mode of access: Internet.

Li sao san zhong /

On double leaves, oriental style, in case.

Vita et res gestæ sultani, Almalichi Alnasiri, Saladini, abi modaffiri Josephi f. Jobi, f. Sjadsi.

The "Excerpta ex Abulfeda" and the "Excerpta ex Ispahanensi" are each paged separately.

Schlachten, Belagerungen und Gefechte in Deutschland und den angrenzenden Ländern /

<10 > unnumbered bibliographical items, paged separately and probably issued separately, subsequently bound, two to a volume. The bound volumes, which are also unnumbered, cover the following periods: 113 B.C.-766 A.D., 772-1137, 1618-1632, 1633-1641, and 1814-1832.

Histoire de l'église gallicane; dediée à nos seigneurs du clergé.

Vols. 1-4 have engraved title vignettes.

Hanes Cymru : i ysgolion, cyfarfodydd Llenyddol, a theuluoedd /

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Geschichte des deutschen Reiches unter Lothar dem Sachsen /

Excerpts from documents in Latin in "sechste Beilage": p. [241]-244.

The Vedânta sûtras : with the commentary by Sankarâkârya [and the commentary of Râmânuga] /

Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

Effect of sequence variation in Plasmodium falciparum Histidine-Rich protein 2 on binding of specific monoclonal antibodies: Implications for rapid diagnostic tests for malaria

This Article Right arrow Full Text Right arrow Full Text (PDF) Right arrow Supplemental material Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted Services Right arrow Similar articles in this journal Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal Right arrow Download to citation manager Right arrow Reprints and Permissions Right arrow Copyright Information Right arrow Books from ASM Press Right arrow MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Right arrow Articles by Lee, N. Right arrow Articles by McCarthy, J. Right arrow Search for Related Content PubMed Right arrow PubMed Citation Right arrow Articles by Lee, N. Right arrow Articles by McCarthy, J. Right arrow Pubmed/NCBI databases * Substance via MeSH Previous Article | Next Article Journal of Clinical Microbiology, August 2006, p. 2773-2778, Vol. 44, No. 8 0095-1137/06/$08.00+0 doi:10.1128/JCM.02557-05 Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Effect of Sequence Variation in Plasmodium falciparum Histidine- Rich Protein 2 on Binding of Specific Monoclonal Antibodies: Implications for Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Malaria{dagger} Nelson Lee,1,2 Joanne Baker,2 Kathy T. Andrews,1 Michelle L. Gatton,1,3 David Bell,4 Qin Cheng,2,3 and James McCarthy1* Australian Centre for International and Tropical Health and Nutrition, Queensland Institute of Medical Research and School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia,1 Department of Drug Resistance and Diagnostics, Australian Army Malaria Institute, Brisbane, Australia,2 Malaria Drug Resistance and Chemotherapy, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Queensland, Australia,3 World Health Organization, Regional Office for the Western Pacific, Manila, Philippines4 Received 8 December 2005/ Returned for modification 23 February 2006/ Accepted 26 May 2006 The ability to accurately diagnose malaria infections, particularly in settings where laboratory facilities are not well developed, is of key importance in the control of this disease. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) offer great potential to address this need. Reports of significant variation in the field performance of RDTs based on the detection of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2) (PfHRP2) and of significant sequence polymorphism in PfHRP2 led us to evaluate the binding of four HRP2-specific monoclonal antibodies (MABs) to parasite proteins from geographically distinct P. falciparum isolates, define the epitopes recognized by these MABs, and relate the copy number of the epitopes to MAB reactivity. We observed a significant difference in the reactivity of the same MAB to different isolates and between different MABs tested with single isolates. When the target epitopes of three of the MABs were determined and mapped onto the peptide sequences of the field isolates, significant variability in the frequency of these epitopes was observed. These findings support the role of sequence variation as an explanation for variations in the performance of HRP2-based RDTs and point toward possible approaches to improve their diagnostic sensitivities