927 resultados para spermatic concentration
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Includes bibliography.
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Cachaça is a traditional and popular Brazilian drink obtained by distilling fermented sugar cane juice. Among the steps involved in its production, natural aging in wood containers for a certain period of time can lead to alterations in the chemical composition, aroma, flavor and color of the beverage. The present work sought to determine the concentration of phenolic compounds after different periods of aging of the cachaça in an oak (Quercus sp.) barrel. Periodic collections during the aging period were performed, and thirteen selected phenolic compounds were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with a diode-array detector (HPLC-DAD). A progressive increase in the concentration of the compounds analyzed was observed, with syringaldehyde and gallic acid as the compounds encountered in the highest concentration.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ
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Dynamic Asia has overtaken the European Union as Latin America and the Caribbean’s second largest export market, after the United States. However, the region’s exports to Asia remain concentrated in few commodities involving a small number of large firms. This book explores the present and future scope for the participation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in biregional trade and value chains and the measures that can be taken to make those chains more inclusive and sustainable. SMEs have a low direct presence in the region’s export flows and their participation in the supplier networks of multinational companies is weak. This volume reviews several supplier development programmes (SDPs) adopted in various countries in Asia and Latin America to increase SME linkages with multinational firms. These programmes, many of which are public-private initiatives, aim to boost SME productivity and enhance their participation in value chains.
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Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia - FMB
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A biotecnologia aplicada à reprodução é uma ferramenta também importante para conservação de espécies ameaçadas de extinção. Algumas espécies de primatas não-humanos neotropicais têm sido amplamente agredidas por ações antrópicas, ocasionando a inclusão de 26 espécies brasileiras na lista oficial de animais ameaçados de extinção do IBAMA. As espécies de primatas não humanos Ateles belzebuth e Ateles paniscus, participantes do gênero Ateles, popularmente chamados de macaco-aranha, encontram-se particularmente ameaçadas. Poucos estudos são realizados acerca do status populacional destas espécies e menos ainda sobre dados reprodutivos e reprodução assistida. O presente trabalho pretendeu avaliar as características andrológicas de exemplares de primatas não humanos do gênero Ateles em cativeiro e comparar a performance dos diluentes TES e CEBRAN II, este último à base de ringer lactato, como criopreservadores de sêmen destas espécies. O experimento foi realizado utilizando 06 exemplares machos de primatas não humanos do gênero Ateles (02 exemplares de Ateles marginatus e 04 exemplares de Ateles paniscus) mantidos sob as mesmas condições de cativeiro no Centro Nacional de Primatas (CENP-SVS/MS), em Ananindeua, Pará. Os animais utilizados foram submetidos a exame clínico-andrológico e biometria testicular, antes da colheita seminal realizada por eletroejaculação. Foram realizadas avaliações físicoquímicas e de patologias espermáticas, além de avaliação de motilidade e vigor no sêmen a fresco e pós-diluição com os diluentes TES e CEBRAN II. As alíquotas de sêmen diluídas com os dois diluentes, na proporção 2:1, foram envasadas em minitubos com capacidade para 0,25 ml e criopreservados em nitrogênio líquido. Após descongelação, as doses envasadas foram avaliadas em teste de termo-resistência (T.T.R.). As médias de volume e concentração espermáticas obtidas foram, respectivamente, 1,94 ml (± 0,83) e 3.020.000 sptz/ml (±275,97). O pH 8 foi observado em todas as amostras e todos os exemplares apresentaram coagulação seminal. O índice de patologias espermáticas encontrados foi alto (69,8% ± 9,05) indicando que pode haver influência da sazonalidade reprodutiva nas características seminais encontradas nos animais deste experimento. Os resultados de avaliação de motilidade e vigor do sêmen a fresco, diluído e no T.T.R. não puderam ser analisadas estatisticamente, pois somente o sêmen de 03 animais demonstrou espermatozóides viáveis pós-descongelação, com resultados que sugerem que o diluente TES apresenta melhor eficiência na preservação de sêmen de Ateles do que o diluente CEBRAN II.
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In this paper, we present an analysis of the resonant response of modified triangular metallic nanoparticles with polynomial sides. The particles are illuminated by an incident plane wave and the method of moments is used to solve numerically the electromagnetic scattering problem. We investigate spectral response and near field distribution in function of the length and polynomial order of the nanoparticles. Our results show that in the analyzed wavelength range (0.5-1.8) µm these particles possess smaller number of resonances and their resonant wavelengths, near field enhancement and field confinement are higher than those of the conventional triangular particle with linear sides.
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Morphine is a potent analgesic opioid used extensively for pain treatment. During the last decade, global consumption grew more than 4-fold. However, molecular mechanisms elicited by morphine are not totally understood. Thus, a growing literature indicates that there are additional actions to the analgesic effect. Previous studies about morphine and oxidative stress are controversial and used concentrations outside the range of clinical practice. Therefore, in this study, we hypothesized that a therapeutic concentration of morphine (1 μM) would show a protective effect in a traditional model of oxidative stress. We exposed the C6 glioma cell line to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and/or morphine for 24 h and evaluated cell viability, lipid peroxidation, and levels of sulfhydryl groups (an indicator of the redox state of the cell). Morphine did not prevent the decrease in cell viability provoked by H2O2) but partially prevented lipid peroxidation caused by 0.0025% H2O2) (a concentration allowing more than 90% cell viability). Interestingly, this opioid did not alter the increased levels of sulfhydryl groups produced by exposure to 0.0025% H2O2), opening the possibility that alternative molecular mechanisms (a direct scavenging activity or the inhibition of NAPDH oxidase) may explain the protective effect registered in the lipid peroxidation assay. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, that morphine in usual analgesic doses may contribute to minimizing oxidative stress in cells of glial origin. This study supports the importance of employing concentrations similar to those used in clinical practice for a better approximation between experimental models and the clinical setting.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Maceration and supercritical fluid extraction were used to prepare extracts from parts of plants (Holostylis reniformis) collected in two different regions of Brazil. ¹H NMR, HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS, HPLC-DAD, GC-MS, and chemometric techniques were used to analyse lignans in the extracts and showed that yields of SFE-CO2 were less than or equal to those of hexane maceration extracts. These analyses, in conjunction with the concentrations of aliphatic hydrocarbons, fatty acids and their methyl and ethyl derivatives in the extracts, also allowed the chemical composition of parts and provenance of the plant to be differentiated.