1000 resultados para Rilke, Rainer Maria, 1875-1926 - Crítica e interpretação
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Este trabalho foi elaborado no mbito do Mestrado de Ensino de Matemtica do 3 Ciclo do Ensino Bsico e Secundrio da Universidade da Madeira, no ano lectivo de 2010/2011. Tem como grandes objectivos apresentar, de forma sucinta, o trabalho desenvolvido pelo grupo de estgio ao longo do estgio pedaggico e analisar a importncia da educao^matemtica crítica na formao de cidados crticos e conscientes. Assim, no estudo realizado procuraremos compreender o modo como os alunos reagem e aplicam os seus conhecimentos matemticos quando se encontram em contextos sociais. Neste trabalho alertamos para os perigos de uma sociedade cegamente obediente e abordaremos ainda de que forma a educao matemtica crítica poder desenvolver o sentido crtico dos alunos e exploraremos a importncia da investigao na educao matemtica. Para isso, incentivaremos os alunos a explorarem e analisarem vrios anncios publicitrios e cartazes polticos e tirarem as suas concluses acerca dessas informaes, tomando desta forma uma deciso consciente em relao a essa informao.
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O princpio bsico da educao fomentar o desenvolvimento pleno dos indivduos no sentido de se tornarem cidados livres, responsveis e autnomos, capazes de julgarem com esprito crtico e criativo o seu meio social. O presente estudo visou compreender como se pode integrar uma dimenso social e poltica no ensino da matemtica. Pretendeu-se reconhecer que aberturas e impedimentos existiam no sistema educativo portugus a uma educao matemtica crítica (EMC), que mudanas ocorriam na forma de os alunos fazerem matemtica e, ainda, se estes valorizavam ou estavam preparados para este tipo de atividades. O estudo foi do tipo qualitativo e tomou como mtodo a observao participante. Recorreu-se a um conjunto de notcias acerca do preo dos combustveis, de forma a possibilitar anlises críticas desta temtica, por parte dos alunos, ligadas a um conjunto de competncias transversais e de contedos especficos do programa da disciplina de matemtica. Foi observado que, para realizarem a anlise crítica das situaes, os alunos tomaram por referncia duas dimenses, a da matemtica e/ou a do seu senso comum. Mostraram interesse e motivao no estudo do modelo dos preos dos combustveis e valorizaram o papel da matemtica na compreenso/anlise desse modelo. Os resultados sugeriram que, para alm do conhecimento matemtico e do senso comum dos alunos, a capacidade crítica assume-se como um fator relevante na profundidade da anlise produzida. Os alunos reconheceram o papel potenciador da EMC na compreenso e aprendizagem de conceitos matemticos, o que, por sua vez, torna as aprendizagens mais significativas.
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Universidade da Madeira
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A educao uma prxis social presente em diferentes lugares e instantes da vida em sociedade. A Educao Matemtica pretende contribuir para o total desenvolvimento de conhecimentos e de competncias nos indivduos de forma a torn-los cidados crticos, responsveis e autnomos, capazes de participarem livre e ativamente na sociedade. Este estudo teve por objetivo compreender como que a Educao Matemtica Crítica contribui para formar alunos participativos, crticos e responsveis, capazes de analisar, perceber e desmistificar algumas situaes do nosso quotidiano, por exemplo promoes e publicidades, presentes na nossa sociedade. Sendo este problema definido de forma global, surge a necessidade de o fracionar em duas questes: 1) como pode a Educao Matemtica Crítica contribuir para o empowerment1 dos alunos com a matemtica?; 2) como pode a Educao Matemtica Crítica contribuir para que os alunos desenvolvam competncias matemticas e sociais que lhes permita analisar, perceber e desmistificar situaes do dia a dia? 1 A noo de empowerment est discutida no captulo II deste trabalho. Para analisar/discutir estas questes, escolheu-se uma metodologia de investigao de natureza qualitativa, em que a principal agente de recolha de dados foi a investigadora e que a mesma foi feita no ambiente natural de sala de aula. Adotou-se, ainda como mtodo, a observao participante. importante referir que os documentos de anlise so constitudos pelos trabalhos escritos dos alunos, onde importou mais o processo que propriamente o resultado final. A tarefa apresentada aos alunos teve por base um panfleto publicitrio sobre promoes de uma rede de hipermercados, de maneira a promover uma anlise crítica, por parte dos alunos, desta situao aliada a vrias competncias transversais e de contedos como a proporcionalidade direta: percentagens e regra de trs simples, prprios do programa da disciplina de matemtica. Da observao feita, verificou-se que os alunos, ao analisarem criticamente a situao proposta, enveredaram por duas perspetivas: numa primeira fase sobre o que dizia o seu entendimento (senso comum) e, aps debate em grande grupo, tendo em conta a matemtica. Os resultados do estudo mostraram que possvel desenvolver uma prtica pedaggica que valorize os aspetos da Educao Matemtica Crítica, isto , permite iv aprofundar os saberes matemticos e ampliar o esprito crtico nos alunos permitindo-lhes participar livre e ativamente na sociedade de que fazem parte.
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O currculo, enquanto rea de estudo e investigao, tem uma histria relativamente recente, como todos sabemos. A sua afirmao identitria deveu-se ao facto de ter um objecto de estudo bem especfico e delimitado, que no se confunde nem com a psicologia, nem com a sociologia, estas sim, cincias autnomas de longa data. No entanto, uma delimitao estrita das fronteiras do currculo, relativamente a outras reas cientficas que com ela interagem, pode levar a um seu esvaziamento conceptual, transformando-a, afinal, num mero enunciado de intenes e regras de bem ensinar e avaliar que, por serem normativas e prescritivas, a despojariam do seu estatuto cientfico. Se certo que o currculo no se consegue dissociar do poder que o determina (seja ele do Estado, da Regio, da Escola ou da Turma estes ltimos se pensarmos nos actuais Projectos Educativos e Curriculares de Escola e de Turma), ele s ganha sentido na sua relao directa com a prtica, ou seja, o currculo, para ser currculo, necessita de ser desenvolvimento curricular. Primeiro, entendido ao nvel da interpretação e anlise crítica do professor sobre o que o poder pretende que ele ensine, e depois na relao com a sua prpria operacionalizao curricular, ou seja, o acto educativo. Esta reflexo visa perspectivar as diversas leituras curriculares, desde a perspectiva simplista, unidimensional, passando pela viso sequencialmente organizada, at desembocar numa abordagem necessariamente complexa do acto educativo.
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O presente trabalho analisou as prticas pedaggico-culturais voluntrias no contexto social de crianas em situao de pobreza em Caruaru PE Brasil, organizadas por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa de natureza etnogrfica. Foram objetivos especficos da pesquisa: explicitar os princpios e pressupostos predominantes destas prticas; analisar as atividades artstico-culturais como meio de construo do conhecimento; analisar se essas prticas pedaggico-culturais so inovadoras. Apoiamos a pesquisa nas perspectivas da interao scio-cultural de Vygotsky (2007; 2009; 2004), da aprendizagem significativa de Ausubel (1979), da inovao pedaggica de Fino (2000; 2001; 2003; 2005; 2007; 2008; 2009; 2011), da crítica escola atual de Toffler (1973) e dos novos contextos de ensino de Papert (2008). Participaram desta pesquisa trs professoras do 1, 2 e 3 ciclo e seus respectivos alunos. Como procedimentos de construo dos dados, adotamos o estudo de caso de acordo com Yin (2010) e Macedo (2006). E, como instrumentos, a anlise documental de Bardin (2004), Macedo (2009), Ldke e Andr (2004); a entrevista semiestruturada (Macedo, 2006; Marcuschi, 1999; Lapassade, 2005), a observao (Macedo, 2006) e a videografia (Andr, 2008; Macedo, 2006). No tratamento dos dados, utilizamos a anlise de contedo (Bardin, 2004; Macedo, 2009) e a anlise microgentica (Meira, 1994; Moraes, 1999). Os resultados demonstraram prticas pedaggicas inovadoras em que as atividades artstico-culturais humanizam e subsidiam a construo do conhecimento pelo aluno. Na anlise documental apresenta-se uma prtica diferenciada da escola formal. Na anlise e interpretação das entrevistas, a docncia mostrou-se engajada na afetividade, compromisso com os alunos, autoria compartilhada, reconhecimento como professora pesquisadora e o papel de mediadora na construo do conhecimento, construdo com vnculo pessoal com os alunos e destes com a instituio.
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LOURENO, Andr Lus Cabral de ; Macedo, Luziene Dantas de ; SILVA,Marconi Gomes da ; BEZERRA, Mrcia Maria de Oliveira ; PEREIRA, W. E. N. . O processo de acumulao na economia poltica clssica: uma interpretação no-convencional a partir da leitura dos ricos detalhes comumente inexplorados. In: Encontro Nacional de Economia Poltica, 14., 2009, So Paulo. Anais... So Paulo, 2009.
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Crítica descentrada para o senso comum: MUNIZ, Euzbia Maria de Pontes Targino; DANTAS, Juliana Bulhes Alberto; ALBANO, Sebastio Guilherme (Orgs). Amostragem da reflexo acerca da comunicao contempornea realizada na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Natal, RN: EDUFRN, 2012.
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It is noticeable that pressure, tension and overwork are frequent in health professionals routine. The work related to the ward area demands deep attention and surveillance. Because of that, it is essential to have a specific look at the humanization directed at health professionals, considering that taking care of other human beings is the essence of their job. This study has analyzed the psychic health levels, as well as the stress health professionals are submitted to, providing a debate about the humanization in 06 public hospitals (03 of them awarded by actions of humanization, and 03 not awarded) in Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil. A study with 126 active health professionals (doctors, nurses, psychologists, nutritionists and social workers) in ward areas in their respective institutions was carried out. The thesis presented, with multi-disciplinary characteristic, counted on the support of statisticians (to calculate samples and data analysis), psychologists, social workers and administrators (linked to the human resources sector in each hospital). A cross-sectional study was performed, taking into consideration both quantitative and qualitative factors. The tools used for that were a semistructured questionnaire with socio-demographic characteristics, work and humanization; Lipp's Stress Symptoms Inventory for Adults (ISSL), and the Goldberg s General Health Questionnaire (QSG). The workers are predominantly women (84,9%), married (54,8%), between 46 and 55 years old (40,5%), working in the same institution for more than 20 years (22,2%), and between 16 and 20 years (20,6%), respectively. They work 40 hours a week (71,4%) and have multiple jobs (61,9%). Although most of these individuals global psychic health is in a good level, there are a significant number of people that is gradually getting worse concerning psychic stress (F1) showed by QSG (54,7%), and stress showed by ISSL(42,1%). Observing the categories, nurses (41,5%). Nutritionists (20,8%), doctors and social workers (18,9%), were among the most affected. About general health (F6), 63% of the awarded hospitals and 70% of the not awarded ones, presented good health levels (ranging from 5 to 50%). It was also noticed that, in the groups mentioned above, 25 and 20% respectively, were inserted in scores between 55 to 90%, what means that they are in worsening phase. The fact that the hospital is awarded or well recognized doesn t interfere in health professionals stress level and in their psychic health. Through what was heard from these individuals, it was possible to verify that they know little about humanization, once few of them identify or know that the service they offer is in an adoption process by Ministerial Policies. It was also detected the necessity of developing actions aimed at worker s health. Such results showed the importance of have more investments in programs that are directed to workers well-being, because they deal with other people s health and it is known that it is difficult for them to offer high-quality assistance if there are not suitable physical, psychological and material conditions to help them develop their jobs. As a warning, it is fair to say that investments in actions that provide humanized care to health professionals, mainly concerning preventive care for their health and life quality in their work
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The present investigation proposes an approach of light and shadow and their imaginary significations in the images of both German expressionist movie and the American noir movie, whose aesthetic experience is expressed through a contrasting bright/dark photography, loaded with symbolism. The interpretation of the imaginary significations of this imagistic material is based on Gilbert Durands imaginary anthropological theories that deal with a myriad of symbols gathered according to their semantic isomorphism and linked to more general structures named as Daily and nightly Image Regime . There come to gravitate, around such regimes, symbols attached to division and purification, ascensional and spectacular, with imaginary significations homological to Light and Good, and symbols associated to night, fall and animalism, isomorphic of Shadow and Evil
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The study made in this thesis analyzes the new form of work organization at the urban collective transportation sector, so called Altemative Transportation which is a new form of public transportation that appears in the Brazilian urban context by the mid ninety' s, this work is made by independent or sub-contracted workers, usually organized in cooperatives . It reflects the investigation of new forms of precarious work, unformal which has been expanding in the urban transportation sector. Thus, discusses non regulation of the services sector problem the ways of survival of exc1uded workers from the formal work market mainly afier the capital productive restructure. It has as privileged area of investigation, the sector policy of urban transportation that make field of the main nets of political articulations that define the dynamic of the urban space. It is known that the urban collective transportation allows the access to the production, circulation and general consumption being necessary to the mobility of the resident population, mainly to those with low purchasing capacity. It becomes a field of empirical investigation at the Belem municipal, located at the Amazonic region - north Brazil. The main points dealed on this research start from concrete relations from the daily life of workers that deve1op their activity on the altemative transport mediated with theoretical references needed for understanding and interpretation of the studied reality. The investigation strategies were built from the abstract (theorical knowledge produced for the reality analyze) in concrete by the investigation quantitative-qualitative from this area of urban policy, making up possible the formation of a references chart to the analyses of the studied subject. Rescue his historicity, from characterization of the urban space of the metropolitan region of Belem passing true the forms of organization and urban services performances while essential production and reproduction element of the social relations. Identifies the main individuals that historically have been participating in the construction of the municipality transport policy and the ways of expression of the local political strength relations. Outstand the State paper on the net of established relations near the local power, as well as outstand the importance of social sciences in the understanding of urban policies in the transportation area, trying to bring input to the academicals -scientific debate .The above e1ected and mentioned points in this study are crucial for a critical reflection of the transportation policies. That relation is not given, but historically built at the power relation chart that makes up this unique area of the urban policies
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This paper develops an analysis of virtual chains religious imagetic. The profusion of images that accompanies us is an irrefutable fact today. The imagetic and virtual join the religion. The approach of the old with the new makes possible the emergence of this new religious practice. Therefore, the study sought to characterize the context in which the virtual chains religious develop. From this perspective, emphasizes religion and cyberculture in order to explain how from that link, it originates an element that exemplifies the current society imagery. This study of the chains takes place from the perspective of the receiver. The image is considered as language, while in communicating becomes capable of imitation
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The thought of Eloy de Souza is studied (1873-1959), that left a significant intellectual production in the journalistic, cultural and politicial scope on the Northeast and the dilemmas of the droughts. Through the method of content analysis, his journalistic and literary speech is investigated, looking at to understand the elaboration and/ or reiteration of categories, of representations and of values; it is verified how was conceived the constitution of the political thought and which is its principal slopes; the parliamentary speech, present in his interventions is analyzed in plenary session, participation in commissions and in his projects, particularly in the thematic area of the droughts. It is verified that his work is built in a political and ideological perspective inserting the bourgeoisie landowner's interests and Northeastern commercial and of its political strata, inside the historical block of agro-industry power that has as irradiation focus the area of the coffee represented politically by the oligarchies person from So Paulo and Minas Gerais. In that sense, two crucial categories emerge: the droughts and the country, as the Northeastern and Brazilian man's synthesis, with their resistance capacity and adaptation, and their creative effort in an adverse enviroment, that Eloy de Souza started to insert in his political speech. However, the vision that he passes of the "country suffer", expresses a certain idealization of a lifestyle that corresponds to a traditional dominance, that he wants to be reproduced. Although it looked for the solution for the drought through the modernization of the economy by the adoption of advanced methods as the irrigation, his concern went back to the conservation of the economical and cultural political hegemony of that elite. Thus, his inquietude with the process of integration of the subordinate sections, justifies his consensual speech, harmonic as organic intellectual of the agrarian-commercial bourgeoisie of the Brazilian Northeast
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This work was developed in the course of Pedagogy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Aims to understand the process of identity construction of teachers and educators in initial training. We started from the idea that such process was made by a complex and interdependent movement, once it was an inventive phenomenon wrought by individuals who are authors and actors of the story of their "real life" (KAUFMANN). This identity is rooted in the trajectories and social biographical experiences (FERREIRA), relationships with the constructed and accumulated knowledge in this route (CHARLOT) and in the developing of a sense of cultural belonging institutionally constructed (Luckmann, Berger). Then, the training involves relationships with knowledge in several instances, considering the effects, in one hand, the historic-social production and, in another hand, from the positions of subject and their biographical itinerary, existential and formative. We used the methodology of the Comprehensive Interview (KAUFMANN; SILVA), associated with a network of theoretical references, empirical and very analytical and interpretive activity. She researcher also relied on the "sensitive listening" (BARBIER), empathic attitude of "listening / seeing" the subject, and the notion of "intellectual artisan" (MILLS). The individual interviews were supplemented by the Focus Group. The approach was multi-referential (ARDOINO; MACEDO), with the intertwining of different perspectives, allowing a more complex configuration and less reductionist. In the analysis and interpretation we located the starting point, genesis of identity whose dynamics is not rigidly determined, but localized in space-time that precedes entry into the initial training. It is the time of concerns, questions and reflections about what you want to be in the future professional life. In sequence, we saw the route, multifaceted process whose the direction is the increasing involvement of individuals with their training. This training is engendered by the relations with the curricular, extracurricular and discursive knowledge, as simultaneous dynamics of self training and socio training. The self training of the individuals, understanding the critical, ethic and authority reading of their own experiences, is also seen as an exercise of shared responsibility, it assumes that the relationship with others meanings and professor mediation. The socio training refers to the collective subject and turns to the historical production and diversified knowledge, and comprehension of the various training instances. Self training and socio training are both objects of negotiation, because they are provocative of new designs, and cultural and identity maps, mobilizing the senses towards new meanings of themselves and the professional reality. It is in this interdependence between what is historically produced and the experiences of the subjects, who we located the arrival, considering it as a radically incomplete process of the professional identity and the building itself.
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T he reflexive action on the process of texts (re)writing, central topic of this study, is still a challenge within the elementary school. What made this issue a special theme of study was the fact that the chosen focus is based on a lived experiences with (re) writing activities where the uniqueness of the professional practice would be transformed into a place of knowledge production, offering theoretical and a practical support to a teacher, in order to understand the interactive nature of language as a space for recovery of the individual (as a historical, social, and cultural being). The empirical field research, structured in the light of assumptions of qualitative research into the action research format, was a public school in Bahia, in a third grade classroom. The instruments of data collection were open questionnaire, semistructured interviews, observations with video recording, documentary analysis of texts produced by students, and reflective sessions. The objectives that supported the research study were: 1) Investigate, in the pedagogical action of teacher Maria, activities on the writing process, 2) Interact with the teacher, in the form of action inquiry to: a) reflect on the procedures for theoretical and methodological development of reflective practice on the process of the (re) writing of the text, b) intervene in the construction of didactic situations that enable the learning and the development of reflexive actions in the (re) writing of texts. To accomplish these goals, it was established as a commitment a dialogic communication with the protagonist, providing reflection sessions so she could examine her teaching practices. The most relevant theoretical arguments to the establishment of this research came from the theoretical and methodological approaches of Bakhtin s theory of enunciation-discourse (2003, 2004) and Vygotsky s socio-interactionist theory (1989, 1998), as it is believed that both theories, through a paradigm shift, in which the constitution of the individual and the participation of others in the actions of analysis and reflection on the language, would give opportunities for internalization and construction of knowledge. The systematic and critical pondering led the participating teacher into reviewing her teaching praxis, compelling her to promote a more insightful understanding of the writing process of her students. That experirence brought into evidence three categories of actions: 1) actions that reflect the technical rationalism, 2) actions that reflect an emancipatory metamorphosis, and 3) actions that reflect empowerment and awareness. The results confirm that the action / reflection on the process of the (re) writing of a text has a dimension of increasing levels of awareness and self criticism, reproducing other meanings for teaching praxis
