A descoberta do elétron como tema gerador de um ensino de física mediado por experimentação remota

In this work, we have proposed and applied a methodology for teaching electromagnetism, based on an experimental activity and designed in an investigative teaching model, and containing a high degree of dialogism among teachers and students. We have used the discovery of the electron as a generator theme and a remote experiment to determine the charge-to-mass ratio of the electron as an educational resource. Our analyses indicate favorably towards the promotion of ways of appropriation of knowledge by the student, very different from those perceived in traditional expositive classes. Similarly, we find that the presence of a technological resource and an experimental activity create new posture of the teacher in the classroom, probably caused by the unpredictability of the results from the use of such resources. A challenge that we still need to solve is how to engage students in extra classroom tasks, since learning is not only effective in time for classes. We also present the weaknesses detected in our methodological proposal as well as implementations necessary in order to continue the validation process of this methodology.

Horta escolar: temas geradores e os momentos pedagógicos no ensino de ciências

Science application has faced problems in the process of training and cognizant thinking subjects in their actions. Thus, this work is justified in order to reorganize the contents of this area of knowledge. Thus, the research entitled "Plantation School: generating themes and teaching moments in teaching of science" was developed with a group of 6th grade of elementary school, from the planting of vegetables in tires without usefulness, with purpose of building meanings and scientific concepts to students. This work was based on sociointeractionist perspective of Vygotsky (1996, 1998), education for thematic research Freire (1983, 1996) as well as in problem-solving situations identified by the methodology of Pedagogical Moments Delizoicov and Angoti (1992; 2002 ) which together corroborated for the construction of a proposed teaching and learning, curriculum reorganization and significance of scientific concepts. Thus, the project breaks in practice with the linearity of the contents, to develop and analyze themes mediated by pedagogical moments, in order to ascertain the contribution of this methodological resource for the teacher's work, with regard to the understanding of scientific concepts by students. Thus, lesson plans were built based on the study situation "Horta School" and Themes Generators "human interaction with the environment", "photosynthesis", "Ecology and Nutrition of living beings", culminating in the work proposal developed in the classroom. From these themes, the contents were worked through pedagogical moments, which are organized into three stages: questioning, organization / systematization of knowledge and application / contextualization of knowledge. Thus, within each Theme Generator activities were planned which resulted in the involvement of students in learning scientific concepts, such as the issue of sustainability, environmental pollution, nutrition of living beings and the decomposition of organic matter. This work led and motivated student participation in Themes generators, and allows greater interaction between teacher-student and student among his peers, through dialogism established in the classroom, which promoted a more meaningful learning for students.

Transposição didática da interação do laser com sistmas biológicos no ensino médio: uma proposta de guia didático para professores

In this dissertation was elaborated an interdisciplinary didactic sequence for the development of Physical concepts involved in the interaction of laser radiation with biological matter in order to make a relation between Physics and other fields of knowledge aiming to enlarge the contextualization of scientific knowledge. The objective was to develop an educational product which theme is “Laser’s Interaction with Biological Tissues”. In this work, basic physical concepts related to laser radiation were presented, its interaction with matter and applicability in the student's daily life, with emphasis on Public Health. The inclusion of the subject in schools was effected through didactic transposition as theoretical foundation and the three pedagogical moments as teaching support. The development of the project involved discussions of scientific knowledge applied in society’s daily life. In the product's design the didactic sequence was projected and the use of varied teaching resources has been proposed, such as videos, texts, experiments, simulators and de Software “Tracker”. The construction of paradidactic material was performed considering different stages of equal importance for a teacher's reflection process. The work prioritizes the alternative conceptions of student, transforming him in a direct agent of the construction of knowledge and this aspect is based on the profile of the Student's Material. Another important point is the evaluation's proposal, this was systematized to be done class after class through building texts, essay questions, presentation of papers, among others activities. The didactic sequence guides the introduction of relevant topics of the students and society’s daily life, the ideas are not closed and in many times the teacher make changes which deem relevant to the teaching for better development of their practice.

Refletindo sobre a prática pedagógica e analisando o contributo da aula de matemática no desenvolvimento da capacidade de cooperação entre pares

O presente relatório refere-se à prática de ensino supervisionado no âmbito do mestrado em Educação Pré-escolar e Ensino do 1º CEB. Está dividido em duas partes: a dimensão reflexiva, onde falo das experiências mais significativas vividas em cada contexto da prática pedagógica, bem como realizo uma reflexão sobre o perfil do professor reflexivo e investigativo. A segunda parte, refere-se à dimensão investigativa, estando subdividida em quatro capítulo. Ao longo da dimensão reflexiva abordo quatro tópicos que são transversais a todos os contextos onde realizei as práticas pedagógicas: a elaboração das planificações, a construção dos materiais, a gestão do grupo e a implementação das tarefas. A segunda parte deste relatório, corresponde à dimensão investigativa, e foi desenvolvida a partir da seguinte pergunta de partida: “Qual o contributo da matemática no desenvolvimento da capacidade de trabalhar cooperativamente?”. Definiram-se então os objetivos de investigação e fundamentou-se teoricamente o trabalho realizado e as opções metodológicas. Esta fundamentação assentou em quatro pilares chave: o papel da matemática no 1º CEB; a comunicação matemática e as interações; a aprendizagem cooperativa em contexto educativo e por último, a aprendizagem cooperativa em matemática. A metodologia utilizada foi de carater qualitativo, desenvolvendo-se um estudo descritivo e interpretativo. Este consistiu na proposta de um conjunto de tarefas matemáticas a serem desenvolvidas através do trabalho cooperativo, numa turma de alunos do 4º ano de escolaridade. Os principais resultados obtidos mostram que as aulas de matemática podem ser o motor impulsionador do desenvolvimento da capacidade para trabalhar cooperativamente, despertando o sentido de interdependência, de colaboração e interajuda entre os alunos.

Relatório de estágio da intervenção pedagógica na Escola EB1//PE da Achada e no infantário Golfinho I

O presente relatório de estágio pretende dar a conhecer a práxis desenvolvida e as experiências das crianças do infantário “ Golfinho II” na sala das Ovelhinhas e na EB1/PE da Achada no 2.ºB. Este reflete todo o caminho percorrido durante o estágio final, expondo um enquadramento teórico e metodológico que foi a base para o desenvolvimento da prática pedagógica. Este ambiente de aprendizagem e de intervenção baseou-se na aprendizagem cooperativa e pela ação onde a criança foi coconstrutora das suas explorações e aprendizagens e o adulto o orientador das mesmas. Na construção do percurso educativo a práxis desenvolvida ao longo dos estágios fundamentou-se numa visão reflexiva, recorrendo a investigação- ação como uma metodologia privilegiada, uma vez que esta permitiu assumir uma postura critica e autorreflexiva sobre ação e da ação.Com base nesta metodologia planeou-se os pressupostos educativos que pretendiam estimular o desenvolvimento e as competências das crianças, disponibilizando novas estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem, a nível do contexto educativo e da inovação pedagógica. Acresce referir que o presente relatório expõem a fundamentação teórica e intencionalidade educativa da ação pedagógica no ciclo de observação, de ação e reflexão, ações que se relevam essenciais para a construção da identidade profissional.

Do modelo geométrico ao modelo físico: o tridimensional na educação do arquiteto e urbanista

In the teaching practice of architecture and urbanism in Brazil, educational legislation views modeling laboratories and workshops as an indispensable component of the infrastructure required for the good functioning of any architectural course of study. Although the development of information technology at the international level has created new possibilities for digital production of architectural models, research in this field being underway since the early 1990s, it is only from 2007 onwards that such technologies started to be incorporated into the teaching activity of architecture and urbanism in Brazil, through the pioneering experience at LAPAC/FEC/UNICAMP. It is therefore a recent experiment whose challenges can be highlighted through the following examples: (i) The implementation of digital prototyping laboratories in undergraduate courses of architecture and urbanism is still rare in Brazil; (ii) As a new developing field with few references and application to undergraduate programs, it is hard to define methodological procedures suitable for the pedagogical curricula already implemented or which have already been consolidated over the years; (iii) The new digital ways for producing tridimensional models are marked with specificities which make it difficult to fit them within the existing structures of model laboratories and workshops. Considering the above, the present thesis discusses the tridimensional model as a tool which may contribute to the development of students skills in perceiving, understanding and representing tridimensional space. Analysis is made of the relation between different forms of models and the teaching of architectural project, with emphasis on the design process. Starting from the conceptualization of the word model as it is used in architecture and urbanism, an attempt is made to identify types of tridimensional models used in the process of project conception, both through the traditional, manual way of model construction as well as through the digital ones. There is also an explanation on how new technologies for digital production of models through prototyping are being introduced in undergraduate academic programs of architecture and urbanism in Brazil, as well as a review of recent academic publications in this area. Based on the paradigm of reflective practice in teaching as designed by Schön (2000), the experiment applied in the research was undertaken in the integrated workshop courses of architectural project in the undergraduate program of architecture and urbanism at Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Along the experiment, physical modeling, geometric modeling and digital prototyping are used in distinct moments of the design process with the purpose of observing the suitability of each model to the project s phases. The procedures used in the experiments are very close to the Action Research methodology in which the main purpose is the production of theoretical knowledge by improving the practice. The process was repeated during three consecutive semesters and reflection on the results which were achieved in each cycle helped enhancing the next one. As a result, a methodological procedure is proposed which consists of the definition of the Tridimensional Model as the integrating element for the contents studied in a specific academic period or semester. The teaching of Architectural Project as it is developed along the fifth academic period of the Architecture and Urbanism undergraduate program of UFRN is taken as a reference

Técnicas contemporâneas do clarinete : a sua aprendizagem no ensino secundário

No âmbito do Mestrado em Ensino da Música, especificamente no que concerne à disciplina de Projeto Educativo, procedeu-se ao estudo abaixo relatado, que derivou da constatação de que existe uma lacuna no ensino do clarinete a nível secundário. A ausência de abordagem e/ou referência às técnicas contemporâneas no âmbito dos programas pedagógicos das diversas academias e conservatórios de música requer uma reflexão mais aprofundada, pois a sua omissão limita o futuro desenvolvimento musical de competências essenciais para a sua prática no Ensino Superior. Deste modo, procedeu-se a um estudo de caso qualitativo que procurasse compreender, explorar e descrever a aprendizagem das técnicas contemporâneas no Ensino Complementar. Por conseguinte, elaborou-se um inquérito para clarinetistas que frequentam ou frequentaram o Ensino Superior, e que visa avaliar a experiência dos inquiridos face a estas técnicas. Assim sendo, o presente estudo procura reforçar a implementação da aprendizagem dessas técnicas ditas contemporâneas ao nível do Ensino Secundário, apontando as suas vantagens e definindo as medidas em que estas poderão ser inseridas.

Práticas de ensino por investigação nas aulas de ciências desenvolvidas nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental

Acompanha: Material de apoio para os professores das escolas municipais de Curitiba: propostas de práticas de ensino por investigação nas aulas de ciências dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental.

O ensino da estatística nos anos finais do ensino fundamental

Result of a professional master course of research work in Teaching Science and Technology of the Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), this work aims to provide the mathematics teacher of the final years of elementary school a teaching sequence (SE) which includes basic content of Statistics provided in the curriculum. In this book a text about the importance of the teaching of statistics is presented, as well as issues related to literacy skills, reasoning and statistical thinking. The development of the SE was designed considering the presuppositions of contextualization, being structured in six steps. We chose to develop a work with the basic contents of Statistics through real data collected with the participation of students, within a context for them significant. This option was due to be possible to develop with the students situations such as: raising hypotheses , communication situations experienced by different graphs and tables , results of discussion and understanding of the significance of the results obtained by means of statistical calculations. Thus, it is believed to be possible to contribute to the development of statistical skills by the students.

Telefone celular como recurso didático no ensino de física

Currently, there are several factors that suggest the need for the school to review their teaching practices: 1) the speed with which information and communication technologies - ICT are spread throughout society and in particular the increasing use of mobile phone by groups in school age;2) the scope and power of integrating ICT convergence of these technological resources, that can be used as teaching resources; 3) the fact that nowadays students grow up in a technological world and make their thought patterns operating in accordance with this reality, etc... In contrast, there are educators unrelated to the appropriation of ICT, presenting, in many cases, resistance to them. There is a incongruity between how individuals use mobile phones, for example, inside and outside the school. There are also educators, schools, public educational departments claiming to be against mobile phones usage; bills and laws regulating their use in educational space, etc... For these controversial aspects we have investigated whether cell phone use as a teaching resource practices mediator in Physics teaching. For this purpose, we developed an applied research with qualitative and exploratory approach about the objectives, adopting participant and the technical procedures. A documental and bibliographical research was taken. First of all, data were collected by e-mail, through a multiple choice questionnaire applied to private school teachers in southern Brazil, to identify the researched reality and develop teaching practices likely to be applied in the studied corpus. Then, such practices were applied in workshops located in Curitiba and Ponta Grossa cities, in Paraná state. During the application, data was collected by the researcher's field notes. Then, we recorded chats about the workshops from an instant message software (msn messenger), and we took photographic records. Data analysis was performed by triangulation. The results showed the need to enhance continuing education courses for teachers and the production of national academic literature, such as articles, dissertations, theses and books that explore the theme of the cell phone and its functionality in educational spaces as an educational resource mediator in the practices of teaching Physics. They are available in the dissertation defended in 2012, and now are also systematized in this book, organized as a final product of research conducted by the Graduate Program in Science Education and Technology UTFPR, Campus Ponta Grossa-PR.

Formação do pensamento científico durante o processo de alfabetização científica no ensino de teorias atômicas e elementos químicos

Acompanha: Sequências didáticas para o ensino de teorias atômicas e elementos químicos

Ensino dos números racionais comparando medidas de unidade

This research aimed to investigate the possibility to develop the process of teaching and learning of the division of rational numbers with guided tasks in interpretation of measure. Adopted as methodology the Didactic Engineering and a didactic sequence in order to develop the work with students of High School. Participated of training sessions twelve students of one state school of Porto Barreiro city - Paran´a. The results of application of the didactic engineering suggest the importance of utilization of guided tasks in interpretation of measure, since strengthened the understanding, on the part of students, the concept of division of fractional rational numbers and contributed for them develop the comprehension of others questions associated to the concept of rational numbers, such as order, equivalence and density.

Professor em formação em busca da excelência na sua prática

Relatório de estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação de Paula Frassinetti, para obtenção do grau de mestre em Ensino do 1º e 2º ciclos do ensino básico

Aplicação do software EdiLim na sala de atividades em educação pré-escolar

Relatório de Estágio apresentado à Escola Superior de Educação do Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo Básico.

Relatório de estágio da intervenção pedagógica na Escola EB1//PE da Achada e no infantário Golfinho I

O presente relatório de estágio pretende dar a conhecer a práxis desenvolvida e as experiências das crianças do infantário “ Golfinho II” na sala das Ovelhinhas e na EB1/PE da Achada no 2.ºB. Este reflete todo o caminho percorrido durante o estágio final, expondo um enquadramento teórico e metodológico que foi a base para o desenvolvimento da prática pedagógica. Este ambiente de aprendizagem e de intervenção baseou-se na aprendizagem cooperativa e pela ação onde a criança foi coconstrutora das suas explorações e aprendizagens e o adulto o orientador das mesmas. Na construção do percurso educativo a práxis desenvolvida ao longo dos estágios fundamentou-se numa visão reflexiva, recorrendo a investigação- ação como uma metodologia privilegiada, uma vez que esta permitiu assumir uma postura critica e autorreflexiva sobre ação e da ação.Com base nesta metodologia planeou-se os pressupostos educativos que pretendiam estimular o desenvolvimento e as competências das crianças, disponibilizando novas estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem, a nível do contexto educativo e da inovação pedagógica. Acresce referir que o presente relatório expõem a fundamentação teórica e intencionalidade educativa da ação pedagógica no ciclo de observação, de ação e reflexão, ações que se relevam essenciais para a construção da identidade profissional.