A preliminary study on the keeping quality of locally produced marine and freshwater salted dried fish

Experiments were conducted on the storage life of salted dried fish from both freshwater and marine species. It was found that the storage life of salted dried products from the 2 freshwater species tested (Ompok bimaculatus and Labeo dussumieri) is much longer than that of the 2 marine species (Gonialosa manminna and Chorinemus lysan), i.e., 51 days.

Survey on the quality of Jaadi available [in] Sri Lankan market

A quality of survey was conducted at the fish curing yards in a northwest coast and the southern coast in Sri Lanka. A total of 40 samples different varieties of fishes were collected from the market and jaadi curing yards and all were evaluated for the quality, fungal and insect infestation. Samples were analyzed for proximate composition chemical, microbiological and sensory quality. Thirty percent of the total analyzed samples of fish were found to be unfit for consumption. Samples collected from Negombo were found to the infected with maggots. Only 42% samples had dry matter above 50%. All the samples showed a protein content above 20%. The highest protein content was 27.92% in hurulla. Over 90% of the samples had TVN at acceptable quality limits (>40). The TBC for 33% of the samples were in the range 104-105/g range, while 48% were in the range of 107-108/g due to contamination of maggots and fungi. The Survey showed jaadi had a high level of protein in its composition. But defects of curing process such on imperfect cleaning inadequate salting resulted in low (Chemical and microbiological) quality of the product.

Effect of phosphorous supplementation in the formulated fish feed on carcass quality of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L.

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of phosphorus supplementation in the formulated fish diet on carcass quality of Nile tilapia in net-cages suspended in fertilized earthen ponds. In the experiment 3% di-calcium phosphate (DCP), 3% triple supper phosphate (TSP) and 7% 16:20 inorganic fertilizer were added as phosphorous sources to three diets containing fish meal as main protein ingredient. Feeding tilapia in net-cages with these diets significantly (pquality and bone phosphorous content of Nile tilapia over fish fed with same diet without phosphorous supplementation and fish given no feed. The final body composition and bone phosphorous content of Nile tilapia fed with DCP, TSP and 16:20 grade fertilizer supplemented diets were comparable.

Observation on some of the environmental parameters and feed quality of selected golda (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) farms in Bangladesh

A study was conducted to ascertain the existing farm water, effluent and feed quality of selected giant freshwater prawn farms from major prawn farming areas (Bagerhat Sadar, Noakhali Sadar and Mymensingh) of Bangladesh during July to November 2005. Water quality parameters such as the mean values of dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, nitrite-nitrogen, phosphate-phosphorus and ammoniacal nitrogen did not show any significantly differences among the farming areas. Whereas significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the mean values of temperature, secchi disc visibility, pH and chlorophyll a. However, all the water quality parameters in the farming areas were within the suitable range for prawn culture. There was no significant variation in nutrients concentration of discharged effluent among the prawn farming areas. All of the nutrients measured in effluent water were within the acceptable range and did not seem to pose a direct threat to the recipient environment. The analysed crude protein contents of commercial CP, Quality and Saudi-Bangla prawn feeds were 31.84%, 27.21% and 28.97%, respectively, whereas all analysed farm made feeds were less than 25%. The other nutrients of prawn feeds varied largely with the source of feeds and ingredients used to prepare feed. The annual yield of prawn varied from 320.4 to 512.6 kg/ha (mean 412.3 kg/ha) depending on the management system.

Water quality of two semi-closed areas in the United Arab Emirates Coast along the Arabian Gulf:a comparative study

A comparative study was carried out between the two biggest creeks along the Arabian Gulf coast of the United Arab Emirates to evaluate impacts of sewage and industrial effluents on their hydrochemical characteristics. Surface and bottom water samples were collected from Abu Dhabi and Dubai creeks during the period from October 1994 to September 1995. The hydrochemical parameters studied were: temperature (21.10-34.00°C), salinity (37.37-47.09%), transparency (0.50-10.0 m), pH (7.97-8.83), dissolved oxygen (1.78-13.93 mg/l) and nutrients ammonia (ND- 13.12,ug-at N/1), nitrite (ND-6.66 ,ug-at N/1), nitrate (ND- 41.18 ,ug-at N/1), phosphate (ND- 13.06 ,ug-at P/1), silicate (0.68-32.50 ,ug-at Si/1), total phosphorus (0.26- 21.48 ,ug-at P/1), and total silicon (0.95- 40.32 ,ug-at Si/1). The present study indicates clearly that seawater of Abu-Dhabi Creek was warmer (28.l2°C) than Dubai (27.56°C) resulting in a higher rate of evaporation. Owing to more evaporation, salinity levels showed higher levels at Abu Dhabi (43.33%) compared to Dubai (39.03%) seawater. The study also revealed higher secchi disc readings at Abu Dhabi Creek (4.68 m) as compared to Dubai Creek (2.60 m) suggesting more transparency at Abu Dhabi Creek. Whereas, seawater of Dubai exhibited higher levels of pH (1.03 times), and dissolved oxygen (1.05 times) than Abu Dhabi seawater due to an increase in productivity. Meantime, seawater of Dubai showed higher tendency to accumulate ammonia (8.22 times), nitrite (10.93 times), nitrate (5.85 times), phosphate (10.64 times), silicate (1.60 times), total phosphorus (3.19 times), and total silicon (1.54 times) compared to Abu Dhabi seawater due to the enrichment of seawater at Dubai with domestic sewage waters which has distinctly elevated the levels of the nutrient salts particularly in inner-most parts of the creek leading to eutrophication signs. The changes occurred in the receiving creek water of Dubai as a result of waste-water disposal that have also reflected on the atomic ratios of nit: Effect of pollution rogen: phosphorus: silicon.

Nutritional quality of some food fish

The proximate compositions and amino acid make-up of silver jew fish (Johnius argentatus), Indian halibut (Psettodes erumei), grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) and pearl spot (Etroplus suratensis) are reported. Calorific values of these fishes have been calculated from their proximate compositions and their amino acid make-up compared with the available data for beef and egg. From the study, pearl spot is adjudged to be the most nutritive among the fishes studied, followed by Indian halibut, grey mullet and silver jew fish.

Quality of fishmeal processed from sun-dried fish in a commercial fishmeal dryer

The physical and chemical compositions of the raw materials received and the composition and nutritive values of the finished products in a commercial size fish meal plant employing the dry rendering process were studied and reported in this paper.

Technological aspects of preservation and processing of edible shell fishes III. Factors influencing the keeping quality of crab (Scylla serrata) during freezing and frozen storage

The possible factors leading to the loss of flavour and general quality of crab during freezing and frozen storage have been studied. The preprocess ice storage condition of the raw material was found to be one such important factor while the fresh frozen crab meat remained in good organoleptic condition for about 51 weeks at -23°C, the 7 days iced material held frozen was found to have a shelf life of about 21 weeks. The fall in myofibrillar protein noted during frozen storage together with the loss of myosin ATPase activity correlated well with the loss of organoleptic qualities.

Bacterial aspects of quality of phosphate treated frozen prawns

Changes in physical, organoleptic and biochemical characteristics of phosphate treated prawns and frog legs during storage have been studied in detail by Mathen and Pillai, (1970). Adoption of the recommended method by the industry in the freezing of prawns made it necessary to assess the influence of such treatment on the bacterial quality. This aspect assumes more importance in view of the proposed compulsory bacterial standards for raw frozen prawns. This note gives an account of the results on the influence of phosphate treatment on bacterial quality of raw frozen shrimp meat.

A survey on the quality of Indian fish meal of commerce

Data on proximate composition, total volatile bases, total non-protein nitrogen and bacterial quality of commercial samples of Indian fish meal are presented in this communication. The samples vary very much in quality depending on the type of raw material used and method of processing followed. The data are discussed in relation to the Indian standard Specifications for fish meal as livestock feed.

Oxidation of residual lipids in fish protein concentrates and its effect on the nutritional quality of the protein

The paper reviews the work reported on the changes in the nutritive value of fish protein concentrates (FPC) during, storage, with special emphasis on the effects of the interactions between oxidised residual lipids and proteins of the FPC. Theories on the oxidised lipid-protein interactions are reviewed and the nutritional significance of these reactions is discussed.

Microbiological evaluation and keeping quality of fishes reared in livestock sewage fed ponds without artificial feed

Livestock sewage has been utilized for fish culture. There is lack of information on microbiological evaluation and keeping quality of these fishes. This paper reveals the incidence, types of micro-organisms and keeping quality of fishes reared in livestock sewage fed ponds without artificial feed. These fishes revealed microbial incidence and keeping quality comparable to other fishes. Initial mesophilic and psychrophilic counts varied from 3.38 to 5.56 and 2.47 to 4.74. On an average, the counts reduced by about 40% after evisceration and washing. Whole as well as washed fishes had refrigerated (8 ± 1°C) life of not more than 4 days. The average psychrophilic and mesophilic counts of ice (0 to 1°C) stored whole fishes up to 10th day varied from 3.66 to 4.81, 4.61 to 5.24 and in eviscerated and washed fishes 2.17 to 3.69 and 2.78 to 4.41. Both remained acceptable till the 10th day. Qualitative study of surface slime and gills revealed presence of Aerobacter (Enterobacter), Aeromonas, Alcaligenes, Bacillus, Clostridia, E. coli, Klebsiella, Micrococci, Proteus and Pseudomonas.

Influence of muscle fats on the quality of intermediate moisture fish

Chrysicthys nigrodigitatus with 12.95% fat having an iodine value of 74.8 and a saponification number of 198.48 and Citharinus citherus containing only 3.25% fat with iodine value of 67.8 and a saponification number of 145.86 were studied as examples of fatty and lean fishes respectively. The intermediate moisture (IM) products of both fish types compared with normal cooked samples, were evaluated as of acceptable colour, odour, texure and juiciness but of inferior taste due to the glycerol impact. However, during storage at 30°C the IM products became increasingly less acceptable with the deterioration being greater in the fatty fish than in the lean fish, although the fatty IM fish was superior to the IM lean fish with regard to water retention and juiciness. Overall quality differences were most apparent in colour and odour with the fatty IM fish being worse. The fatty fish had also greater evolution of TEA-reactive carbonyl breakdown products of lipid oxidation which were subsequently used up in non-enzymic browning producing the correspondingly darker fish colour and greater off odour.

Quality of cured fishery products from Malabar and Kanara coasts

Results of chemical, bacteriological and organoleptic quality studies of cured fishery products of commerce collected from six major fish curing centres on the west coast of India are presented. 77.12% of the samples had moisture above 35%, 97.18% showed salt content below 25% and all samples had acid insoluble ash above 1.5%. 42.32% gave standard plate counts above 10,000 and 45.77% were contaminated with 'Red' halophiles. The major defects in curing were imperfect cleaning, inadequate salting and unhygienic conditions of processing.

Formulation, stability and keeping quality of three pelleted feeds used in carp culture

Three dry pelleted feeds incorporating fish meal, fish silage or a mixture of colocasia leaf powder and fish meal were formulated for use in carp culture. The diets formulated were tested for water stability and also for changes in their quality parameters over storage of three months. The different pellets showed satisfactory water stability. The variations recorded in the proximate composition during the period of storage did not bring about any drastic change in the overall keeping quality of the feeds. Therefore, the three formulated feeds are considered suitable for use in the culture of carps.