Condicionamento acústico e certificação energética de edifícios

O presente relatório desenvolvido no âmbito do estágio curricular realizado na empresa – ASL & Associados, com duração de seis meses, tem como objetivo a elaboração e desenvolvimento de estudos acústicos de edifícios e elaboração de certificados energéticos de edifícios existentes. Inicialmente, será feita uma descrição da empresa acolhedora expondo a sua missão, valores e o portfólio abarcando projetos e revisão de projetos, certificação energética, ensaios acústicos, gestão e fiscalização de empreendimentos. As atividades desenvolvidas no estágio englobam a certificação energética de edifícios existentes aplicando a nova regulamentação térmica (REH), apresentando as simplificações de cálculo aplicadas a edifícios existentes e dois exemplos específicos de uma fração autónoma e um edifício unifamiliar. No campo da acústica foram estudados três edifícios, um habitacional, um misto e um de serviços. Para o condicionamento acústico dos casos de estudo serão aplicados métodos de cálculo utilizados na empresa e um método de cálculo para avaliação e classificação da qualidade acústica, o qual foi desenvolvido pelo Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil – LNEC. Por fim, foram elaborados as ponderações sobre a experiência vivida, como considerações sobre os resultados obtidos tendo em conta os objetivos propostos para o desenvolvimento do estágio.

Tradução comentada do livro de Abel Salazar "A Crise da Europa"

Este trabalho de projeto do Mestrado em Tradução e Interpretação Especializadas consiste na tradução, para inglês, do livro A Crise da Europa, de Abel Salazar. O protocolo celebrado entre a Casa-Museu Abel Salazar e o ISCAP deu o mote a esta colaboração que tem como objectivo final a edição da obra traduzida, possibilitando que o legado de Abel Salazar esteja cada vez mais acessível a um número crescente de pessoas. Este trabalho pretende, não só, tornar disponível a obra do autor a novos públicos através da sua publicação na que é hoje a língua universal – o inglês –, mas também dar conta de quem foi Abel Salazar em toda a sua soberba pluralidade. Para além da tradução, o presente trabalho leva a cabo uma análise da metodologia utilizada no processo tradutivo e das opções que foram tomadas na produção do texto de chegada. Finalmente, o desfasamento temporal entre o autor/texto fonte e o tradutor/texto de chegada é ilustrado, com recurso a exemplos que o demonstram e clarificam a postura metodológica da tradutora. A tradução desta obra é a primeira alguma vez feita de um livro de Abel Salazar para inglês e considero que será a primeira de muitas que poderão surgir da parceria com a Casa-Museu Abel Salazar.

Analysis of proteins from membrane and soluble fractions of Giardia duodenalis trophozoites of two Brazilian axenic strains

In the present study, we have analyzed by sodium docecyl sulphate - polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), immunoblotting and Concanavalin A blotting (Con A blotting) proteins of membrane fractions and soluble fractions obtained from Giardia duodenalis trophozoites of two axenic strains isolated in Brazil from a symptomatic (BTU-11) and an asymptomatic patient (BTU-10), as compared to the reference strain Portland 1. Both Brazilian strains showed a complex and homogeneous electrophoretic pattern of proteins, but some differences could be observed. Several glycoproteins were detected, particularly the proteins of 81, 72, 59 kDa and the protein of 62 kDa in the membrane proteins and cytosol, respectively. Many antigenic components were revealed by anti-Giardia rabbit IgG antibodies in the immunoblotting analysis. Among these components, the membrane protein of 32 kDa and the cytosol protein of 30 kDa could be related to giardin, as previously demonstrated.

Acute renal failure after massive honeybee stings

Two clinical cases of patients who survived after numerous attacks of Africanized bees (600 and 1500 bee stings, respectively) are reported. Clinical manifestation was characterized by diffuse and widespread edema, a burning sensation in the skin, headache, weakness, dizziness, generalized paresthesia, somnolence and hypotension. Acute renal failure developed and was attributed to hypotension, intravascular hemolysis, myoglobinuria due to rhabdomyolysis and probably to direct toxic effect of the massive quantity of injected venom. They were treated with antihistaminic, corticosteroids and fluid infusion. One of them had severe acute renal failure and dialysis was required. No clinical complication was observed during hospital stay and complete renal function recovery was observed in both patients. In conclusion, acute renal failure after bee stings is probably due to pigment nephropathy associated with hypovolemia. Early recognition of this syndrome is crucial to the successful management of these patients.

Measurement of lead concentration in biological tissues by atomic spectroscopy techniques

Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Physics

Cardiovascular profile after intravenous injection of Africanized bee venom in awake rats

The manifestations caused by Africanized bee stings depend on the sensitivity of the victim and the toxicity of the venom. Previous studies in our laboratory have demonstrated cardiac changes and acute tubular necrosis (ATN) in the kidney of rats inoculated with Africanized bee venom (ABV). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) over a period of 24 h after intravenous injection of ABV in awake rats. A significant reduction in basal HR as well as in basal MAP occurred immediately after ABV injection in the experimental animals. HR was back to basal level 2 min after ABV injection and remained normal during the time course of the experiment, while MAP returned to basal level 10 min later and remained at this level for the next 5 h. However, MAP presented again a significant reduction by the 7th and 8th h and returned to the basal level by the 24th h. The fall in MAP may contribute to the pathogenesis of ATN observed. The fall in MAP probably is due to several factors, in addition to the cardiac changes already demonstrated, it is possible that the components of the venom themselves or even substances released in the organism play some role in vascular beds.

A Review on the Characterization of Signals and Systems by Power Law Distributions

Power laws, also known as Pareto-like laws or Zipf-like laws, are commonly used to explain a variety of real world distinct phenomena, often described merely by the produced signals. In this paper, we study twelve cases, namely worldwide technological accidents, the annual revenue of America׳s largest private companies, the number of inhabitants in America׳s largest cities, the magnitude of earthquakes with minimum moment magnitude equal to 4, the total burned area in forest fires occurred in Portugal, the net worth of the richer people in America, the frequency of occurrence of words in the novel Ulysses, by James Joyce, the total number of deaths in worldwide terrorist attacks, the number of linking root domains of the top internet domains, the number of linking root domains of the top internet pages, the total number of human victims of tornadoes occurred in the U.S., and the number of inhabitants in the 60 most populated countries. The results demonstrate the emergence of statistical characteristics, very close to a power law behavior. Furthermore, the parametric characterization reveals complex relationships present at higher level of description.

A mulher da roda

pp. 355-366

Towards a Mobile Three-dimensional Modelling System for Underground Structures

Robotica 2012: 12th International Conference on Autonomous Robot Systems and Competitions April 11, 2012, Guimarães, Portugal

The role of cultural mega events In the enhancement of city’s image attributes

In a time of fierce competition between regions, an image serve as a basis to develop a strong sense of community, which fosters trust and cooperation that can be mobilized for regional growth. A positive image and reputation could be used in the promotional activities of the region benefiting all the stakeholders as a whole. Mega cultural events are frequently used to attract tourists and investments to a region, but also to enhance the city’s image. This study adopts a marketing/communication perspective of city’s image, and intends to explain how the image of the city is perceived by their residents. Specifically, we intend to compare the perceptions of residents that effectively participated in the Guimarães European Capital of Culture (ECOC) 2012 (engaged residents), and the residents that only assisted to the event (attendees). Several significant findings are reported and their implications for event managers and public policy administrators presented, along with the limitations of the study.

How does gender affect visiting a world heritage site?

To date few studies have been undertaken in Portugal dealing with the attitudes, motivations, and profile of tourists who visit World Heritage Sites. Also, few studies have dealt with destination image (e.g., Agapito, Mendes & Valle, 2010; Lopes, 2011). As far as it is known, none have approached the issue of gender differences in the choice of a Portuguese heritage destination. Since cultural tourism destinations need to differentiate themselves from each other, appropriate market segmentation must be based on a deep understanding of the customers’ motivations and preferences. Keeping in mind results from empirical literature (e.g., Silberberg, 1995; Beerli & Martin, 2004; Richards, 2004; Pérez, 2009; Sheng, Shen, & Chen, 2008), gender seems to be a possible approach to market segmentation, whether for Guimarães or for other cultural tourism destinations around the world. Located in the north-western region of Portugal, Guimarães is a city of strong symbolic and cultural significance, and the nomination of its historical centre as a World Heritage Site in 2001 enhanced its tourism potential. This study analyses the possible relation between gender and attitudes and motivations towards a World Heritage Site, such as Guimarães. Additionally, the empirical approach used in the study tries to capture differences in the perceived attributes of the city. Commonalities and distinctions within and between groups of tourists, by focusing on the specific characteristic of gender, were analysed. The study addressed two main questions: first, whether males and females have similar or different preferences in choosing the city as their destination; and, second, whether there are gender differences in the perception of the attributes of Guimarães. A better understanding of the gendered nature of the destination is a valuable cue for shaping products and services according to visitors’ preferences.

Análise do Desempenho de Técnicas de Otimização no Problema de Escalonamento

A optimização nas aplicações modernas assume um carácter fortemente interdisciplinar, relacionando-se com a necessidade de integração de diferentes técnicas e paradigmas na resolução de problemas reais complexos. O problema do escalonamento é recorrente no planeamento da produção. Sempre que uma ordem de fabrico é lançada, é necessário determinar que recursos serão utilizados e em que sequência as atividades serão executadas, para otimizar uma dada medida de desempenho. Embora ainda existam empresas a abordar o problema do escalonamento através de simples heurísticas, a proposta de sistemas de escalonamento tem-se evidenciado na literatura. Pretende-se nesta dissertação, a realização da análise de desempenho de Técnicas de Optimização, nomeadamente as meta-heurísticas, na resolução de problemas de optimização complexos – escalonamento de tarefas, particularmente no problema de minimização dos atrasos ponderados, 1||ΣwjTj. Assim sendo, foi desenvolvido um protótipo que serviu de suporte ao estudo computacional, com vista à avaliação do desempenho do Simulated Annealing (SA) e o Discrete Artificial Bee Colony (DABC). A resolução eficiente de um problema requer, em geral, a aplicação de diferentes métodos, e a afinação dos respetivos parâmetros. A afinação dos parâmetros pode permitir uma maior flexibilidade e robustez mas requer uma inicialização cuidadosa. Os parâmetros podem ter uma grande influência na eficiência e eficácia da pesquisa. A sua definição deve resultar de um cuidadoso esforço experimental no sentido da respectiva especificação. Foi usado, no âmbito deste trabalho de mestrado, para suportar a fase de parametrização das meta-heurísticas em análise, o planeamento de experiências de Taguchi. Da análise dos resultados, foi possível concluir que existem vantagem estatisticamente significativa no desempenho do DABC, mas quando analisada a eficiência é possível concluir que há vantagem do SA, que necessita de menos tempo computacional.

An immunofluorescence test for diagnosis of ophthalmic herpes in a mouse corneal model

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) ophthalmic disease is the most common cause of corneal blindness in humans world-wide. Current culture techniques for HSV take several days and commercially available HSV laboratory based diagnostic techniques vary in sensitivity. Our study was conducted to evaluate the use of a quicker and simpler method to herpes ophthalmic diagnosis. Corneal smears were made by firm imprints of infected mouse eyes to glass slides, after smears were fixated with cold acetone, and an indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) method was performed using monoclonal antibodies in a murine model of ophthalmic herpes. Eye swabs from infected mice were inoculated in Vero cells for virus isolation. Cytology and histology of the eye were also performed, using hematoxylin-eosin routine. Mouse eyes were examined by slit-lamp biomicroscopy for evidence of herpetic disease at various times postinoculation. We made a comparative evaluation of sensitivity, specificity and speed of methods for laboratory detection of HSV. Our results indicate that this IIF method is quick, sensitive, specific and can be useful in the diagnosis of ophthalmic herpes as demonstrated in an animal model.

N-acetyl-β -d-glucosaminidase activity in feral Carcinus maenasexposed to cadmium

Cadmium is a priority hazardous substance, persistent in the aquatic environment, with the capacity to interfere with crustacean moulting. Moulting is a vital process dictating crustacean growth, reproduction and metamorphosis. However, for many organisms, moult disruption is difficult to evaluate in the short term, what limits its inclusion in monitoring programmes. N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAGase) is an enzyme acting in the final steps of the endocrine-regulated moulting cascade, allowing for the cast off of the old exoskeleton, with potential interest as a biomarker of moult disruption. This study investigated responses to waterborne cadmium of NAGase activity of Carcinus maenas originating from estuaries with different histories of anthropogenic contamination: a low impacted and a moderately polluted one. Crabs from both sites were individually exposed for seven days to cadmium concentrations ranging from 1.3 to 2000 μg/L. At the end of the assays, NAGase activity was assessed in the epidermis and digestive gland. Detoxification, antioxidant, energy production, and oxidative stress biomarkers implicated in cadmium metabolism and tolerance were also assessed to better understand differential NAGase responses: activity of glutathione S-transferases (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) glutathione reductase (GR), levels of total glutathiones (TG), lipid peroxidation (LPO), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH). Animals from the moderately polluted estuary had lower NAGase activity both in the epidermis and digestive gland than in the low impacted site. NAGase activity in the epidermis and digestive gland of C. maenas from both estuaries was sensitive to cadmium exposure suggesting its usefulness for inclusion in monitoring programmes. However, in the digestive gland NAGase inhibition was found in crabs from the less impacted site but not in those from the moderately contaminated one. Altered glutathione levels were observed in cadmium-treated crabs from the contaminated site possibly conferring enhanced tolerance to these animals through its chelator action. Investigation of enhanced tolerance should thus be accounted for in monitoring programmes employing NAGase as biomarker to avoid data misinterpretation.

Sertraline accumulation and effects in the estuarine decapod Carcinusmaenas: Importance of the history of exposure to chemical stress

Sertraline is widely prescribed worldwide and frequently detected in aquatic systems. There is, however, a remarkable gap of information on its potential impact on estuarine and coastal invertebrates. This study investigated sertraline accumulation and effects in Carcinus maenas. Crabs from a moderately contaminated (Lima) and a low-impacted (Minho) estuary were exposed to environmental and high levels of sertraline (0.05, 5, 500 μg L−1). A battery of biomarkers related to sertraline mode of action was employed to assess neurotransmission, energy metabolism, biotransformation and oxidative stress pathways. After a seven-day exposure, sertraline accumulation in crabs’ soft tissues was found in Lima (5 μg L−1: 15.3 ng L−1 ww; 500 μg L−1: 1010 ng L−1 ww) and Minho (500 μg L−1: 605 ng L−1 ww) animals. Lima crabs were also more sensitive to sertraline than those from Minho, exhibiting decreased acetylcholinesterase activity, indicative of ventilatory and locomotory dysfunction, inhibition of anti-oxidant enzymes and increased oxidative damage at ≥0.05 μg L−1. The Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) index indicated their low health status. In addition, Minho crabs showed non-monotonic responses of acetylcholinesterase suggestive of hormesis. The results pointed an influence of the exposure history on differential sensitivity to sertraline and the need to perform evaluations with site-specific ecological receptors to increase relevance of risk estimations when extrapolating from laboratory to field conditions.