805 resultados para DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS


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O artigo discute questões relativas ao impacto da globalização no campo da cidadania e dos direitos, a partir da análise de bibliografia recente sobre o tema.

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Pós-graduação em Direito - FCHS

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O modo como a imprensa atua em defesa da cidadania é o tema deste livro, de Murilo César Soares. Baseado em levantamento e análise de conteúdo dos jornais O Estado de S. Paulo e Folha de S.Paulo ele discute os conceitos de cidadania, esfera pública e hegemonia, com destaque para o papel do jornalismo como interface entre o Estado, a sociedade civil e a opinião pública. Ponto central da pesquisa, o conceito de jornalismo é analisado em suas diferentes facetas, como a de fiscalizador da ação do Estado - e, portanto, participante do processo político e administrativo - e a de intermediário da opinião pública. O estudo analisa ainda a mídia como meio de agendamento e de enquadramento de questões públicas, ou seja, como agente com capacidade de pautar e priorizar os assuntos para a sociedade, além de deter o poder de focar, formatar e expor esses temas ao transformá-los em material jornalístico. A atuação da imprensa em questões de cidadania é demonstrada a partir da análise detalhada de como os dois jornais paulistas agendaram e enfocaram casos envolvendo ameaça ou violação de direitos da cidadania e as atitudes e ações das autoridades públicas em relação a tais situações. A obra apresenta um painel da importância dada pelos diários à cobertura de demandas de movimentos sociais ou da precariedade de condições de vida, assim como da violação de direitos civis, como prisões ilegais, violência policial e abuso de autoridade, além da inserção dos negros na sociedade e na economia. Os resultados da pesquisa sobre a cobertura realizada pelos jornais dão suporte para o autor situar a imprensa entre os meios sociais que contribuem para a implementação dos direitos da cidadania e indicar alternativas para seu aperfeiçoamento

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Este livro traz reflexões a partir de ideias e teorias produzidas e difundidas pelo Núcleo de Estudos de Direitos Alternativo (Neda) e pelo Núcleo de Estudos da Tutela Penal e Educação em Direitos Humanos (NETPDH), ligados à Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais da Unesp, em Franca. Ambos os grupos são reconhecidos nos meios acadêmicos do Direito por desenvolverem uma visão crítica acerca de tutela penal, que seria permeada pela seletividade e desproporcionalidade, além de provocar estigmatização, reunindo, assim, traços marcantes do sistema penal brasileiro. De acordo com o prefácio do professor de Direito Penal e Criminologia da Unesp, Paulo César Corrêa Borges, o autor, Roberto Galvão Faleiros Junior, apresenta aqui reflexões da criminologia crítica que estabelecem uma compreensão conjuntural dos sistemas penais (particularmente o do Brasil).Tais reflexões indicam, segundo Borges, proposições concretas para a instrumentalização democrática do direito penal na América Latina, levando em conta os pressupostos materiais, históricos e dialéticos comprometidos com a formulação de concepções a partir das classes subalternas e marginalizadas, mas também com limitações referentes à compreensão dos direitos humanos

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Pós-graduação em Direito - FCHS

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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The German philosopher G.W.F. Hegel (1770-1831) had as one of his thesis in the doctorate the affirmation that philosophy can only be properly taken as a system. He intends with that to point out the identity between thinking and being. This is, for Hegel, the task of philosophy, i. e., to bring together all that was set apart. This position can be recognized in all his works and it is tried here to exemplify it in The Philosophy of Right and in special in the section dedicated to the abstract right. This one is the first moment of the text in question that begins with the statement of the dignity of the person confirmed in the property. The following moments make evident that the formal ones are also results. It becomes clear in this way that the all the moments create together an ongoing organization, disorganization and reorganization. This process reveals the relation as a constitutive element of thinking and being exemplified in the abstract right. Each moment overcomes the preceding one and comes out as a much more complex one. In the case of the abstract right what appears is the realization of a free subject in all that he does as the making of himself.

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The article argues that Kant cannot be considered a democratic thinker, given not only his rejection to the ancient form of democracy (based on the institution of the assembly), but also the modern form of democracy (based on the principle of representation), however a liberal thinker, supporter of the limited State and the individual rigths.

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Pós-graduação em Direito - FCHS

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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This is an exploratory descriptive study with a qualitative approach. It aimed at apprehending what users undergoing treatment at a mental health service know about their rights. A semistructured interview was used as a data collection strategy. Five users were interviewed. Thematic content analysis was used for data analysis, and three categories emerged: process of falling ill, experiences of treatment and users’ rights. The users reported voluntary and involuntary hospitalization experiences and that, after treatment commencement at the psychosocial care center, they perceived significant changes in mental health care. They reported that they did not know the mental health legislation, but they knew about the rights stemming from experiencing mental disorder. For users to be able to recognize and take advantage of their citizens’ rights, awareness must be developed by health care professionals, which also includes their academic education

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This study aimed at analyzing the meanings of Children and Child Rights awarded by the kindergarten children and their educators, parents and teacher. Interest in the subject arose from the participation of the University Extension Project, conducted at the Department of Education, UNESP, Bauru, called The Rights of the Child: ECA in school. Since then, the question arose: to what extent we have visibility of meanings that educators and the child has on the Rights of the Child relating to the specifics of childhood? The research followed the tenets of qualitative research, methodological procedures and adopting the observation in a classroom from kindergarten (K II), semi-structured interview through leisure moments, with the class of aged five years and a questionnaire for family and teacher. The research adopted as reference material, studies of the area of Sociology of Childhood, History of Childhood, Public Policy, Legislation Related to the theme, and an overview of psychogenic to talk about the morality of children. The results showed that parents and caregivers understand childhood as a stage of child development, marked by jokes and fancies, in which the family and the school has an important role in this process. In what concerns the children's rights, there are contradictions in the legal aspects and the situation of children today. The results showed that children's childhood is characterized by recreational activities, and adults are responsible for caring for them. And it comes on the Rights of the Child noted that there is a confusion between rights and duties because they are in a phase of moral heteronomy. The findings indicate the need for wide dissemination on the Statute of Children and Adolescents, especially in preschools in line with families to practice it a new look at childhood, conceiving children as subjects... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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This study aims to identify the horizon of emancipation in Human Rights Education, using the philosophy of praxis as a theoretical framework, basing on authors as Tonet, Losurdo, Marx, and Saviani and Duarte, taking as a privileged locus analysis of the Plan National Human Rights Education (PNEDH, 2007). The discussion about the historical development of the movement of the struggles for human rights was a starting point to indicate how, in general, these struggles have been developing since the context of bourgeois revolutions. From there we tried to discuss how the prospect of citizenship has been treated within the Rights Education, the latter being a reflection of social movements' struggles for rights from the year 1980. Situating this movement within a larger movement on the issue of education in Brazil in the twentieth century, we tried to discuss the flags such as citizenship, the strengthening of civil society and creating a culture of rights as a goal of emancipation. Seeking to differentiate between citizenship as political emancipation and human emancipation, was placed the imperative to take the citizenship as a mediator and not as an endpoint in order to equip a culture of struggle for a classless society without exploitation of man by man