Response to Treatment in a Prospective Cohort of Patients with Large Ulcerated Lesions Suspected to Be Buruli Ulcer (Mycobacterium ulcerans Disease)

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) advises treatment of Mycobacterium ulcerans disease, also called Buruli ulcer'' (BU), with a combination of the antibiotics rifampicin and streptomycin (R+S), whether followed by surgery or not. In endemic areas, a clinical case definition is recommended. We evaluated the effectiveness of this strategy in a series of patients with large ulcers of >= 10 cm in longest diameter in a rural health zone of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).Methods: A cohort of 92 patients with large ulcerated lesions suspected to be BU was enrolled between October 2006 and September 2007 and treated according to WHO recommendations. The following microbiologic data were obtained: Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) stained smear, culture and PCR. Histopathology was performed on a sub-sample. Directly observed treatment with R+S was administered daily for 12 weeks and surgery was performed after 4 weeks. Patients were followed up for two years after treatment.Findings: Out of 92 treated patients, 61 tested positive for M. ulcerans by PCR. PCR negative patients had better clinical improvement than PCR positive patients after 4 weeks of antibiotics (54.8% versus 14.8%). For PCR positive patients, the outcome after 4 weeks of antibiotic treatment was related to the ZN positivity at the start. Deterioration of the ulcers was observed in 87.8% (36/41) of the ZN positive and in 12.2% (5/41) of the ZN negative patients. Deterioration due to paradoxical reaction seemed unlikely. After surgery and an additional 8 weeks of antibiotics, 98.4% of PCR positive patients and 83.3% of PCR negative patients were considered cured. The overall recurrence rate was very low (1.1%).Interpretation: Positive predictive value of the WHO clinical case definition was low. Low relapse rate confirms the efficacy of antibiotics. However, the need for and the best time for surgery for large Buruli ulcers requires clarification. We recommend confirmation by ZN stain at the rural health centers, since surgical intervention without delay may be necessary on the ZN positive cases to avoid progression of the disease. PCR negative patients were most likely not BU cases. Correct diagnosis and specific management of these non-BU ulcers cases are urgently needed.

O evolucionismo no ensino de Biologia: investigação das teorias de Lamarck e Darwin expostas nos livros didáticos de Biologia do Plano Nacional do Livro Didático do ensino médio - PNLEM

Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC

Prescrições para ensinar a ensinar leitura e escrita na escola Normal de São Paulo: circulação de saberes pedagógicos Brasil/França (1874-1889)

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

O conceito de imitação na ópera francesa do século XVIII

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A influência da Segunda Guerra Mundial na produção literária de Saint- Exupéry

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise da teoria evolucionista nos livros didáticos do PNLD - 2012 na educação básica

A preocupação com o ensino da Evolução não é recente. Diversos pesquisadores fazem apontamentos de como é frequente nos livros de didáticos de biologia adotados no Brasil, a abordagem do tema como uma teoria acabada concluída e, desprovida de contextualização histórica para compreensão por parte dos alunos de como os conceitos foram desenvolvidos ao longo do tempo. Os pesquisadores relatam que a maior dificuldade dos alunos em compreender os conceitos ou a teoria da evolução está nos recorrentes equívocos conceituais e históricos presentes nos livros didáticos. Portanto, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo elaborar uma revisão bibliográfica, do que os teóricos especialistas na área do ensino de ciências têm apresentado sobre a Teoria da Evolução e o Ensino de Evolucionismo e qual tem sido a abordagem nos livros didáticos para o ensino público. A pesquisa constitui-se de análise bibliográfica, desenvolvida com base em material já elaborado, consultas em fontes bibliográficas do tipo: livros de leitura corrente de divulgação e publicações periódicas. Sendo a análise desse material de cunho qualitativo. A primeira etapa consistiu da escolha do tema e um levantamento preliminar do assunto. As etapas seguintes foram: o levantamento bibliográfico, a partir da problematização estabelecida, busca das fontes, leitura e fichamento do material. Para o fichamento dos livros didáticos o método utilizado foi fazê-lo em forma de registros. Foram feitos registros de seis coleções aprovadas PNDL de 2012: Bio. Lopes; Rosso, 2010. Biologia para a nova geração. Mendonça; Laurence, 2010. Biologia. Amabis; Martho, 2010. Biologia Hoje. Linhares; Gewandsnajder, 2010. Novas Bases da Biologia. Bizzo, 2010. Ser Protagonista Biologia. Santos; Aguilar; Oliveira, 2010. A partir desses registros foram feitos quadros comparativos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)

Múltiplas imagens: a representação da mulher negra no Brasil

The aim of this paper is to present the readings, the reflections that have emerged, and, also, the results obtained by the search Multiple Images: The representation of black women in Brazil. The project aimed to find the black woman‟ images presented in historically constructed representations, for this was made a cut in images production of black people, choosing three artists, two works of each in three different historical moments, which according to the recanted the look of your time. The works and the artists were: Esclaves nègres, de différentes nations (1820-1830) e Negresses libres, vivant de leur travail (1820-1830) – Jean-Baptiste Debret; Baiana sambando (1926-1939) and Sambista descansando (1926-1939) – Cecília Meireles; Bastidores (1996) e Amas-de-leite (2008) – Rosana Paulino. The analysis of this corpus rests on the Reception Aesthetics and the Theory of Effect, searching the interaction between text and reader

A harpa de pedais no século XVIII e as influências de suas características sobre seu repertório e escrita idiomática

Pós-graduação em Música - IA

Sincretismo cultural na joalheria afro-brasileira

Body adornment has been used as a ornament, ritualistic object, religious icon or as symbol demonstration of status and power in many different cultures. In Brazil, own visuality develops from the cultural syncretism. Thus, together with the mode of dress, the african-Brazilian jewelry acquires peculiarities derived from cultural identities that coexist. This paper proposes a look at africanBrazilian jewelry through visual representation in some works of Jean-Baptiste Debret - French painter member of the French Artistic Mission that registered objects and everyday scenes of slaves and freemen, of poor whites and aristocrats of Rio de Janeiro in the early nineteenth century. We are looking for jewelry as a historical record of lifestyles from a time and place with a social, economic and cultural local configuration.

When the Romance is Over: Follower Perspectives of Aversive Leadership

While leadership is indisputably one of the most pervasive topics in our society, the vast majority of existing research has focused on leadership as a positive force. Taking a follower- centric approach to the study of leadership, we integrate research on the Romance of Leadership and the dark side of leadership by examining followers’ perceptions of aversive leadership in the context of public high schools. Although Meindl, Ehrlich, and Dukerich (1985) demonstrated that the Romance of Leadership also includes the overattribution of negative outcomes to leaders, subsequent research has failed to explore the implications of this potentially darker side of romanticizing leaders. Specifically, we examine perceptions of principals’ aversive leadership and traditional affective, behavioral, and performance outcomes of followers in a sample of 342 dyads. Followers assessed their principals’ leadership behaviors and self-rated their levels of job satisfaction, self-efficacy, and resistance, while principals assessed their followers’ citizenship behaviors, complaining behaviors, and job performance. Results show that perceptions of aversive leadership are positively related to follower resistance and negatively related to followers’ job satisfaction. In addition, a usefulness analysis revealed that follower-rated variables were significantly related to perceptions of aversive leadership above and beyond leader-rated variables, suggesting that the relationship between negative outcomes and aversive leadership may be more constructed than real. In sum, the tendency to romanticize leadership may also lead to a proclivity to readily misattribute or overattribute blame to leadership as a convenient scapegoat for negative outcomes. Alors que le leadership est incontestablement l’un des thèmes les plus envahissants de notre société, la grande majorité des recherches existantes a porté sur le leadership en tant que force positive. En adoptant une approche centrée sur le suiveur dans l’étude du leadership, nous examinant la perception qu’ont les collaborateurs du leadership insupportable dans le contexte des lycées publics. Quoique Meindl, Ehrlich, et Dukerich (1985) aient montré que la Romance du Leadership inclut aussi la surattribution de résultats négatifs aux leaders, les recherches ultérieures ont méconnu les implications de cet aspect potentiellement plus sombre des leaders idylliques. Nous analysons en particulier sur un échantillon de 342 dyades la perception du leadership répulsif du proviseur et les résultats habituels des collaborateurs en rapport avec l’affectivité, le comportement et les performances. Les collaborateurs ont noté les comportements de leadership de leur proviseur et auto-évalué leur niveau de satisfaction au travail, d’efficience et de résistance, alors que les proviseurs appréciaient les conduites de citoyenneté et de revendication, ainsi que la performance professionnelle. Les résultats montrent que la perception du leadership répulsif est Positivement reliée à la résistance du suiveur et négativement à sa satisfaction professionnelle. En outre, une analyse des plus fructueuses a révélé que les variables évaluées par les collaborateurs étaient significativement en relation avec la perception du leadership répulsif, bien plus qu’avec les variables évaluées par les leaders, ce qui indique que la relation entre les résultats médiocres et le leadership négatif serait plus construite que réelle. Au total, le penchant à l’idéalisation du leadership peut aussi bien conduire à une propension à trop facilement condamner à tort et à travers le leadership qu’à la désignation d’un bouc émissaire tout trouvé pour expliquer de mauvais résultats.

Expanding the differential diagnosis of inherited neuropathies with non-uniform conduction: Andermann syndrome

Uniform conduction slowing has been considered a characteristic of inherited demyelinating neuropathies. We present an 18-year-old girl, born from first cousins, that presented a late motor and psychological development, cerebellar ataxia, facial diplegia, abnormal eye movement, scoliosis, and corpus callosum agenesis, whose compound muscle action potentials were slowed and dispersed. A mutation was found on KCC3 gene, confirming Andermann syndrome, a disease that must be included in the differential diagnosis of inherited neuropathies with non-uniform conduction slowing.

Galactose Recognition by the Apicomplexan Parasite Toxoplasma gondii

Toxosplasma gondii is the model parasite of the phylum Apicomplexa, which contains numerous obligate intracellular parasites of medical and veterinary importance, including Eimeria, Sarcocystis, Cryptosporidium, Cyclospora, and Plasmodium species. Members of this phylum actively enter host cells by a multistep process with the help of microneme protein (MIC) complexes that play important roles in motility, host cell attachment, moving junction formation, and invasion. T. gondii (Tg)MIC1-4-6 complex is the most extensively investigated microneme complex, which contributes to host cell recognition and attachment via the action of TgMIC1, a sialic acid-binding adhesin. Here, we report the structure of TgMIC4 and reveal its carbohydrate-binding specificity to a variety of galactose-containing carbohydrate ligands. The lectin is composed of six apple domains in which the fifth domain displays a potent galactose-binding activity, and which is cleaved from the complex during parasite invasion. We propose that galactose recognition by TgMIC4 may compromise host protection from galectin-mediated activation of the host immune system.

The Power of Tragedy: An Eighteenth-Century Debate on Theater and its Relevance to Literature Pedagogy Today

This article brings to light a debate on tragic fiction in eighteenth-century France, and more specifically, on whether or not tragedy has the power to transform individuals intellectually and emotionally. Through analysis of abbé Dubos’s Reflexions critiques sur la poésie et sur la peinture and Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s Lettre à d’Alembert sur les spectacles, I contend that Dubos’s overwhelmingly positive conception of fiction—and especially his contention that we learn through the emotions when we engage with tragic fiction—can serve as an admirable pedagogical model for today’s fiction-focused foreign language classrooms.