UV-photooxidation as pretreatment step in inorganic analysis of environmental samples

Many laboratories deal with the determination of heavy metals, carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. The first step in chemical analysis is a proper preparation of the investigated samples. The presence of organic substances can cause problems in many analytical methods. This paper describes the application of UV irradiation as a method of destruction of organic matter in the investigated samples.

非点源污染物细颗粒泥沙的絮凝-分散研究

细颗粒泥沙的絮凝-分散对土壤结构的稳定性，土壤中农用化合物的迁移以及侵蚀泥沙的输移、沉积有重要作用。文章概述了影响细颗粒泥沙絮凝-分散的几种主要因素——电解质种类及其浓度，矿物组成，有机质含量，pH值以及水流紊动等；指出了当前研究中存在的不足之处。

柳牡蛎蚧的研究

柳牡蛎蚧的研究姬兰柱，杨金宽，邵玉华（中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所沈阳１１００１５）关键词柳牡蛎蚧，杨树，生物生态学，综合防治柳牡蛎蚧（ＬｅｐｉｄｏｓａｐｈｅｓｓａｌｉｃｉｎａＢｏｒｃｈｓ．同翅目：盾蚧科）广泛分布于“三北”杨树防护林区。该蚧通过刺吸...

杉木人工林林地土壤呼吸研究

采用CID-301PS光合测定仪,对20年生杉木人工林林地土壤的CO2排放动态进行了观测,结果表明,杉木林地土壤呼吸速率表现出明显的季节和日变化规律。其季节变化规律为:从1~7月份随温度呈上升的趋势,在7月达年呼吸速率(CO2)的最大值,为1.466μmol/(m2.s),8~12月呈逐渐递减的趋势,并且季节变化明显;日变化规律呈现出单峰曲线,最高峰出现在16:00~18:00。分析了林地土壤呼吸速率与环境因子的关系,指出林地土壤呼吸速率与进入土壤呼吸室的CO2浓度呈显著负相关,说明空气中CO2浓度的升高,将在一定程度上抑制土壤呼吸。同时得出杉木林地土壤呼吸速率与地下5cm温度呈显著正相关,建立了土壤呼吸速率与温度的回归方程,计算出杉木林地土壤的年呼吸量(CO2)为10.517t/(hm2.a)。

沈阳市苔藓植物区系初步研究

对882份标本进行鉴定,共记录沈阳市苔藓植物30科67属143种及变种,其中辽宁省新纪录种36种,东北新纪录种18种.区系分析表明本区苔藓植物以北温带成分为主(51.16%),其次为东亚成分(16.28%)和中国特有成分(12.40%),具强烈的温带性质,与该区地理位置和气候条件等相吻合,与种子植物的区系分布特点也一致.同其他城市地区苔藓植物属和种的相似性系数分析表明,沈阳市与同处辽宁省的抚顺市和鞍山市苔藓植物的亲缘性较大,而与其他城市地区亲缘性较小.

我国主要类型生态系统结构功能与提高生产力途径研究──KJ85－06项目1991～1995研究进展简介

ＫＪ８５－０６项目是“八五”期间由中国科学院资助的最大的生态学研究计划．１９个研究所、２０个试验站、５３０余名科技人员参加了该项计划，５年总经费１０００万元．研究工作取得了重大进展，迄今已发表论文４５０余篇、专著３部，尚有大量论文与多部专著将陆续出版．本文简要介绍了有关主要研究进展，并就生态系统优化管理研究和生态过程、人类活动影响联网研究提出了两点主张．

reuse strategies in distributed complex event detection

Software Engineering Society of Korean; Institute for Information Scientists and Engineers; IEEE Reliability Society; KAIST (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology); Korea Information Promotion Agency; Samsung SDS

基于3S的自然植被光能利用率的时空分布特征的模拟

光能利用率(LUE)直接影响植被各层中的能量分布和光合速率,在确定环境对光合和地上部生长分配的综合限制上十分有价值,是衡量系统功能的一个重要指标。本研究以遥感图像(TM)作为数据源,获取了影响植被LUE的重要变量———叶面积指数(LAI);用程序语言编写了描述系统碳循环和水循环的景观尺度生态系统生产力过程模型(EPPML),对长白山自然保护区的太阳总辐射、净初级生产力(NPP)和LUE等的季节动态和空间分布进行了模拟;并用地理信息系统(GIS)手段对空间数据进行处理、分析和显示,从而实现了将植物生理生态研

东北地区大豆鼓粒期光合特性的研究

用LI-6400光合测定系统对东北地区大豆鼓粒期叶片光合速率对光合有效辐射通量密度的响应特征和晴天光合速率、光能利用率、水分利用率等特性的日变化规律进行了研究。结果表明,光合速率对光合有效辐射通量密度的响应特征遵循Michaelis-Menten方程,在自然光条件下,上下两层叶片综合考虑,最大光合速率平均为37.25μmolm-2s-1,表观初始量子效率平均为0.0376。在晴天,光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度以及光合有效辐射通量密度、环境温度随时间的变化可以用正弦函数模拟,但其峰值出现的时间不同,光合速率

Potential CO2 Emission Reduction by Development of Non-Grain-Based Bioethanol in China

Assessment of the potential CO2 emission reduction by development of non-grain-based ethanol in China is valuable for both setting up countermeasures against climate change and formulating bioethanol policies. Based on the land occupation property, feedstock classification and selection are conducted, identifying sweet sorghum, cassava, and sweet potato as plantation feedstocks cultivated from low-quality arable marginal land resources and molasses and agricultural straws as nonplantation feedstocks derived from agricultural by-products. The feedstock utilization degree, CO2 reduction coefficient of bioethanol, and assessment model of CO2 emission reduction potential of bioethanol are proposed and established to assess the potential CO2 emission reduction by development of non-grain-based bioethanol. The results show that China can obtain emission reduction potentials of 10.947 and 49.027 Mt CO2 with non-grain-based bioethanol in 2015 and 2030, which are much higher than the present capacity, calculated as 1.95 Mt. It is found that nonplantation feedstock can produce more bioethanol so as to obtain a higher potential than plantation feedstock in both 2015 and 2030. Another finding is that developing non-grain-based bioethanol can make only a limited contribution to China's greenhouse gas emission reduction. Moreover, this study reveals that the regions with low and very low potentials for emission reduction will dominate the spatial distribution in 2015, and regions with high and very high potentials will be the majority in 2030.

稀土顺丁橡胶的性能和应用

介绍了稀土钕系顺丁橡胶(NdBR)的牌号、质量指标、结构参数和性能特点,总结了NdBR在轮胎方面的应用效果,并展望了NdBR的发展前景

Metabolic profiling studies on the toxicological effects of realgar in rats by H-1 NMR spectroscopy

The toxicological effects of realgar after intragastrical administration (1 g/kg body weight) were investigated over a 21 day period in male Wistar rats using metabonomic analysis of H-1 NMR spectra of urine, serum and liver tissue aqueous extracts. Liver and kidney histopathology examination and serum clinical chemistry analyses were also performed. H-1 NMR spectra and pattern recognition analyses from realgar treated animals showed increased excretion of urinary Kreb's cycle intermediates, increased levels of ketone bodies in urine and serum, and decreased levels of hepatic glucose and glycogen, as well as hypoglycemia and hyperlipoidemia, suggesting the Perturbation of energy metabolism. Elevated levels of choline containing metabolites and betaine in serum and liver tissue aqueous extracts and increased serum creatine indicated altered transmethylation. Decreased urinary levels of trimethylamine-N-oxide, phenylacetylglycine and hippurate suggested the effects on the gut microflora environment by realgar.

Syndiospecific polymerization of styrene with multi-nuclear titanium complexes

Two multi-nuclear titanium complexes [Ti(eta(5)-Cp-*) Cl(mu-O)](3) ( 1) and [(eta(5)-(CpTiCl)-Ti-*)(mu-O)(2)(eta(5)-(CpTi)-Ti-*)(2)(mu-O)(mu-O)(2)](2)Ti (Cp-* = C5Me5) ( 2) have been investigated as the precatalysts for syndiospecific polymerization of styrene. In the presence of modified methylaluminoxane ( MMAO) as a cocatalyst, complexes 1 and 2 display much higher catalytic activities towards styrene polymerization, and produce the higher molecular weight polystyrenes with higher syndiotacticities and melting temperatures ( T-m) than the mother complex (CpTiCl3)-Ti-* does when the polymerization temperature is above 70 degrees C and the Al/Ti molar ratio is in the low range especially.

Atomic force microscope investigation of large-circle DNA molecules

A circular bacterial artificial chromosome of 148.9 kbp on human chromosome 3 has been extended and fixed on bare mica substrates using a developed fluid capillary flow method in evaporating liquid drops. Extended circular DNA molecules were imaged with an atomic force microscope (AFM) under ambient conditions. The measured total lengths of the whole DNA molecules were in agreement with sequencing analysis data with an error range of +/-3.6%. This work is important groundwork for probing single nucleotide polymorphisms in the human genome, mapping genomic DNA, manipulating biomolecular nanotechnology, and studying the interaction of DNA-protein complexes investigated by AFM.