895 resultados para graduate medical education


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Pt. 4-5 titles vary: "Eighty-eighth Congress, first session. Agency Coordination Study (pursuant to S. Res. 27, 88th Cong., as amended). Review of cooperation on drug policies among (the) Food and Drug Administration, National Institutes of Health, Veterans' Administration, and other agencies.

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The early history of practical anatomy.--The history of the Philadelphia school of anatomy and its relation to medical teaching.--Our recent debts to vivisection.--Recent progress in surgery.--The new era in medicine and its demands upon the profession and the college.--The real rewards of medicine.--Medicine as a career for educated men.--Vivisection and brain surgery.--Medical education.--The advantages of an academic training for a medical career.--Literary methods in medicine.--Address at the unveiling of the statue of the late Prof. Samuel D. Gross, M.D.--Semicentennial address in surgery before the American medical association.--The debt of the public to the medical profession.--The endowment of medical colleges.--The ideal physician.--Address at the Royal college of surgeons of England at the conferring of honorary degrees at the centenary celebration of the granting of its present charter.--The progress of surgery in the nineteenth century.--The mission of a medical college.--The duties and responsibilities of trustees of public medical institutions.--The qualities essential to success in medicine.--The cheerfulness of death.--The need for increased endowments for medical instruction.--Age and youth in medicine.--Surgical reminiscences of the civil war.

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Index for 1867-1907 issued as the Office's Bulletin no. 407.

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Mode of access: Internet.

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1973 not published

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Objective: To identify factors influencing the prescribing of medicines by general practitioners in rural and remote Australia. Design: A qualitative study using a questionnaire to determine attitudes about prescribing, specific prescribing habits and comments on prescribing in ‘rural practice’. Setting: General practice in rural and remote Queensland. Subjects: General practitioners practising in rural and remote settings in Queensland (n = 258). Main outcome measures: The factors perceived to influence the prescribing of medicines by medical practitioners in rural environments. Results: A 58% response rate (n = 142) was achieved. Most respondents agreed that they prescribe differently in rural compared with city practice. The majority of respondents agreed that their prescribing was influenced by practice location, isolation of patient home location, limited diagnostic testing and increased drug monitoring. Location issues and other issues were more likely to be identified as ‘influential’ by the more isolated practitioners. Factors such as access to continuing medical education and specialists were confirmed as having an influence on prescribing. The prescribing of recently marketed drugs was more likely by doctors practising in less remote rural areas. Conclusion: Practising in rural and remote locations is perceived to have an effect on prescribing. These influences need to be considered when developing quality use of medicines policies and initiatives for these locations. What is already known: Anecdotal and audit based studies have shown that rural general practice differs to urban-based practice in Australia, including some limited data showing some variations in prescribing patterns. No substantiated explanations for these variations have been offered. It is known that interventions to change prescribing behaviour are more likely to be effective if they are perceived as relevant and hence increasing our knowledge of rural doctors’ perceptions of differences in rural practice prescribing is required. What this study adds: Rural doctors believed that they prescribe differently in rural compared with city practice and they described a range of influences. The more remotely located doctors were more likely to report the ‘rural’ influences on prescribing, however, most results failed to reach statistical significance when compared to the less remotely located doctors. These perceptions should be considered when developing medicines policy and education for rural medical practitioners to ensure it is perceived rurally relevant.

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Background: The 'ease of use' andaccuracy in measurement of the vertical optic cup/discratio (VCDR) was compared between the conventional direct ophthalmoscope(CO) and Panoptic direct ophthalmoscope (PO) in a group of 'naive' firstyear medical students to determine which would be more suitablefor non-ophthalmologists. Methods: In this quasi-randomized method comparison study,eight students received an introductory session on ophthalmoscopythen examined 18 eyes (9 left, 9 right) with each ophthalmoscopein a private practice. The subjects were the eight students themselvesplus two other subjects. Each subject (n = 10)had one eye dilated. Students determined a VCDR and a subjectivescore of 'ease of use' on a scale of 1 (difficult)to 10 (easy). A consultant ophthalmologist (GAG) determined thebenchmark VCDR for each eye with each ophthalmoscope. Results: Of 288 eye examinations, there were 111 measure-ments of VCDR using the CO (47 undilated, 64dilated), and 140 measurements using the PO (75 undilated, 65 dilated).Differences in the students' estimated VCDR and the benchmarkwere similar for the CO and PO (P = 0.67). 'Easeof use' was scored in 288 eyes and the median score washigher in the PO overall (CO: median 8, IQR 6-9; PO median9, IQR 8-10; P < 0.0001), andwithin each session (P < 0.0001 foreach session). Conclusions: Medical students found the PO mucheasier to use, with accuracy of rating the VCDR similar to the CO. Thiscomparison would support the wider use of the PO amongst medicalstudents, general practitioners and other primary care providers.

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A questão relacional na área da saúde envolve o imaginário sociocultural. Nos casos de mulheres com câncer de mama, denota um caráter emergencial em virtude do elevado número de ocorrências ou pela falta de percepção feminina da doença, o que dificulta a prevenção e o tratamento em tempo hábil. Este estudo pretende analisar como e de que maneira ocorrem e repercutem as práticas discursivas entre os profissionais da saúde e as pacientes com câncer de mama. Para isso, delineamos como pressupostos teóricos as barreiras da comunicação, seja interpessoal, intrapessoal e não verbal. A metodologia foi com base na Teoria das Representações Sociais de Serge Moscovici e no Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC) de Ana Maria Cavalcanti Lefévre e Fernando Lefévre. Nas análises dos relatos das mulheres com câncer de mama, identificamos conflitos de ordem sociocultural, como crenças, valores pessoais, estereótipos, enfim, distorções provenientes do senso comum e do imaginário coletivo, disseminadas nas representações da doença levadas a público pela mídia em geral. Nas considerações finais, constatamos que tais representações (estigmas sociais) interferem na relação com os profissionais de saúde, influenciando, assim, a adesão ao tratamento da doença. Os aspectos comunicacionais são aqui apontados de maneira tácita.

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A aprendizagem formal e tradicional tem dado lugar a um cenário desafiador no qual educador e educando não comungam do mesmo espaço físico. A Educação a Distância (EAD), ainda é vista como uma solução que agrega cada vez mais alunos de diferentes idades que desejam uma graduação de ensino superior ou a continuidade dela. A pesquisa com o título: “O estudante da EAD (educação a distância): um estudo de perfil e interação geracional” propõe conhecer as características do perfil atual do estudante da EAD, abordando o diálogo entre as gerações no ambiente social escolar. O enfoque da pesquisa é qualitativa, exploratória e descritiva com dados que foram coletados através de entrevista com 08 alunos das gerações X e Y para assim entender se este perfil tem sido renovado com alunos mais jovens, do que a faixa etária de 25 a 45 anos. O resultado demonstra que alunos na faixa de 17 a 24 anos a cada ano aumentam 1% das matrículas. Já a faixa de 25 a 45 anos prevalece com 70% das matrículas. Portanto, este resultado revela que o perfil do aluno EAD ainda é o do jovem adulto, para adulto mais experiente, que busca a graduação com o propósito de progressão no ambiente profissional. As duas gerações citadas geração X e geração Y, mesmo em contextos históricos diferenciados de valores, crenças e comportamentos participam atualmente de uma transformação social que contempla os meios de produção do trabalho, a formação educacional e as relações sociais. O diálogo intergeracional direciona a um aprendizado compartilhado, participativo na troca de experiências mutuas. Para a geração X o jovem atual não é mais nomeado como o que precisa escutar e aprender, mas tem muito a partilhar, principalmente diante da facilidade com os meios tecnológicos. E para a geração Y, na partilha não há barreiras de idade, mas a segurança de interagir e se comunicar diante da troca de experiências

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CONTEXT: The homeless are a significant group within society, which is increasing in size. They have demonstrably greater physical and mental health needs than the housed, and yet often have difficulty accessing primary health care. Medical 'reluctance' to look after homeless people is increasingly suggested as part of the problem. Medical education may have a role in ameliorating this. OBJECTIVES: This paper reports on the development and validation of a questionnaire specifically developed to measure medical students' attitudes towards the homeless. METHOD AND RESULTS: The Attitudes Towards the Homeless Questionnaire, developed using the views of over 370 medical students, was shown to have a Pearson test-retest reliability correlation coefficient of 0.8 and a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.74. CONCLUSIONS: The Attitudes Towards the Homeless Questionnaire appears to be a valid and reliable instrument, which can measure students' attitudes towards the homeless. It could be a useful tool in assessing the effectiveness of educational interventions.