Análise estrutural e bioquímica da hidroxiapatita submetida ao tratamento com fluoreto e polifosfatos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Análise genética da espessura do couro, do crescimento pós desmama e das resistências ao carrapato e à babesiose em bovinos de corte

Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV

In vitro performance of a pen-type laser fluorescence device and bitewing radiographs for approximal caries detection in permanent and primary teeth

To evaluate the performance of a pen‑type laser fluorescence device (DIAGNOdent 2190; LFpen, KaVo, Germany) and bitewing radiographs (BW) for approximal caries detection in permanent and primary teeth. Materials and Methods: A total of 246 anterior approximal surfaces (102 permanent and 144 primary) were selected. Contact points were simulated using sound teeth. Two examiners assessed all approximal surfaces using LFpen and BW. The teeth were histologically assessed for the reference standard. Optimal cut‑off limits were calculated for LFpen for primary and permanent teeth. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (Az) were calculated for D1 (enamel and dentin lesions) and D3 (dentin lesions) thresholds. The reproducibility was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cohen's weighted kappa values. Results: For permanent teeth, the LFpen cut‑off were 0– 27 (sound), 28– 33 (enamel caries) and >33 (dentin caries). For primary teeth, the LFpen cut‑off were 0– 7 (sound), 8– 32 (enamelcaries) and >32 (dentin caries). The LFpen presented higher sensitivity values than BW for primary teeth (0.58 vs. 0.32 at D1 and 0.80 vs. 0.47 at D3) and permanent teeth (0.80 vs. 0.57 at D1 and 0.94 vs. 0.51 at D3). Specificity did not show a significant difference between the methods. Rank correlations with histology were 0.59 and 0.83 (LFpen) and 0.36 and 0.70 (BW) for primary and permanent teeth, respectively, considering all lesions. ICC values for LFpen were 0.71 (inter) and 0.86 (intra) for permanent teeth and 0.94 (inter) and 0.90/0.99 for primary teeth. Kappa values for BW were 0.69 (inter) and 0.68/0.90 (intra) for permanent teeth and 0.64 (inter) and 0.89/0.89 for primary teeth. Conclusion: LFpen presented better reproducibility for primary and permanent teeth and higher accuracy in detecting caries lesions at D1 threshold than BW for permanent teeth. LFpen should be used as an adjunct method for approximal caries detection.

Facial type measurements influence on transverse dimensions of normal occlusion arches

Objective – To correlate facial type measurements of Caucasian individuals with transverse dimensions of normal occlusion arches. Methods – Twenty-one pairs of dental models were selected according to the following inclusion criteria: presence of all permanent teeth from 1 st molar to 1 st molar; normal occlusion; no prosthetic crowns; no previous orthodontic treatment and 2 mm or less of crow- dings or spacings. The cephalometric measurements of lateral cephalometric X-ray of the same individuals were taken and tabulat ed. To evaluate the repetition of arch measurements, paired Student’s t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used. The r elationship between the measurements was analysed by using the Pearson’s correlation. Results – The repetition of the measurements showed high correlation and no systematic error. In the comparison between the measurements, a moderate negative correlation was observed b et- ween facial axis angle and the measurements Upper and Lower 6-6, whereas a positive correlation was observed between dentition height and the latter. Conclusion – It was observed a negative correlation between facial axis angle and upper and lower inter-molar distance as well as a positive correlation between dentition height and upper and lower inter-molar distance.

Laboratory testes with quality data in Dentistry

In laboratory tests, just following the manufacturer’s instructions of materials or equipments may not be enough to obtain reliable data. Thus, intra and inter-examiners studies may be required. The aim of this study was to illustrate the application of the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (r) in a study related to the color changing and hardness of composite resin conducted by two examiners. The color and hardness of 10 specimens of composite resin were evaluated by a colorimetric spectrophotometer and hardness tester, respectively, at two different times. Two trained examiners performed two measurements with an interval of one week. Specimens were stored in artificial saliva at 37±1ºC for 7 days. The Intraclass Correlation was used for analysis of intra and inter-examiner reproducibility. The intra-examiner reproducibility was 0.79, 0.44 and 0.76 for L, a and b color coordinates for the examiner 1 and 0.84, 0.23, 0.21 for examiner 2. For hardness, r-values were 0.00 and 0.23 for the examiner 1 and 2, respectively, showing unsatisfactory agreement on color and hardness evaluation for both examiners. It was noted that only the observation of protocol for use of equipment and examiners training were not sufficient to collect reliable information. Thus, adjustments in the experimental protocol were made and devices were produced to standardize the measurements. The reproducibility study was performed again. For examiner 1, values as 0.90, 0.59 and 0.79 were verified for L, a and b coordinates and, for examiner 2 were obtained values of 0.90, 0.75, 0.95. In relation to hardness, r-values of 0.75 and 0.71 were obtained for examiners 1 and 2, respectively. The inter-examiner reproducibility was 0.86, 0.87, 0.91 for L, a and b coordinates and 0.79 for hardness. It was concluded that intra and inter-examiner calibration is essential for obtaining quality measurements in laboratory tests.

Avaliação psicométrica da escala de atitudes em relação à estatística

RESUMO: O objetivo do estudo foi estimar a validade e confiabilidade da Escala de atitudes em relação à Estatística (EAE) quando aplicada a estudantes de Ciências Farmacêuticas. A amostra de 253 estudantes foi subdividida em duas partes. Sessenta por cento da amostra foi utilizada para explorar a estrutura fatorial e 40% para confirmá-la. Para verificar a reprodutibilidade da escala a mesma foi aplicada em duplicata a 40 estudantes. Aplicou-se o Teste de esfericidade de Bartlett e o índice Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO). A extração dos fatores foi realizada pela Análise de Componentes Principais. Realizou-se rotação ortogonal Varimax. Calculou-se o Coeficiente alfa de Cronbach (α) e o Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse (ρ). Realizou-se análise fatorial confirmatória. Elaborou-se um modelo hierárquico de segunda ordem (MHSO). O teste de esfericidade de Bartlett e o índice KMO foram excelentes (χ 2 =1835,815, p<0,001; KMO=0,935). Verificou-se dois fatores com valores próprios acima de 1 (λ=9,748; λ=2,086) explicando 59,2% da variância total. A questão 2 foi removida. Observou-se excelente consistência interna e reprodutibilidade. O modelo fatorial apresentou índices de qualidade de ajustamento bons (λ=0,59-0,86, χ 2 /gl=1,691, CFI=0,919, GFI=0,804, RMSEA=0,079). A validade discriminante dos fatores foi adequada. A EAE apresentou estrutura bifatorial na amostra com níveis de validade e confiabilidade adequados.

Reliability of marginal microleakage assessment by visual and digital methods

The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of visual and digital methods to assess marginal microleakage in vitro. Materials and Methods: Typical Class V preparations were made in bovine teeth and filled with composite resin. After dye penetration (0.5% basic fuchsin), teeth were sectioned and the 53 obtained fragments were assessed according to visual (stereomicroscope) and digital methods (Image Tool Software ® -ITS) (University of Texas Health Science Center-San Antonio Dental School, USA). Two calibrated examiners (A and B) evaluated dye penetration, by means of a stereomicroscope with ×20 magnification (scores), and by the ITS (millimeters). The intra- and inter-examiner agreement was estimated according to Kappa statistics (κ), and intraclass correlation coefficient (ρ). Results: In relation to the visual method, the intra-examiner agreement was almost perfect (κA = 0.87) and substantial (κB = 0.76), respectively to the examiner A and B. The inter-examiner agreement showed an almost perfect reliability (κ = 0.84). For the digital method, the intra-examiner agreement was almost perfect for both examiners and equal to ρ = 0.99, and so was the inter-examiner agreement value. Conclusion: Visual (stereomicroscope) and digital methods (ITS) showed high levels of intra- and inter-examiner reproducibility when marginal microleakage was assessed.

Oral cleft research: intraobserver agreement in the use of questionnaires.

In epidemiological studies, when the data is collected by interview, it is of importance to analyse the reliability of the information. This study was carried out with the purpose of examining the self-agreement of mothers in answering questions about variables of interest in oral cleft researches on two different occasions. A sample of 91 mothers of oral cleft babies were interviewed on two different occasions. The capacity of giving the same answer to questions related to heredity, type of clefts, period of gestation of the mother and birthweight were studied. The statistics type kappa (k) and intraclass correlation coefficient (r) by point and by 95% of confidence interval were applied. The intra-observer agreement for the variables history of oral clefts in the family, type of cleft, period of gestation of the mother and birthweight of the newborn was, respectively, k=0.9492, k=1.0000, k=0.9281 and r=0.9996. We concluded that the background on oral cleft in the family history of patients with this anomaly is a variable with an excellent degree of reliability. Also, the information given by the mothers related to the period of gestation, type of the baby’s cleft and birthweight are reliable.

Intra-examiner reproducibility of the agar plate method for estmation of phospholipase activity in candida albicans

Although measurement errors can impair statistical analysis, reliability analysis has been neglected in applied microbiology. This study assessed the intra-rater reproducibility of the Agar-based method for estimation of phospholipase activity (Pz). Pz readings were performed twice by two examiners (E1, E2), either directly on plates or in photos, and both black and white backgrounds were used. Pz values were taken from one or triplicate colonies from each sample (n=30). Intra-examiner reproducibility was estimated using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). For both examiners, reading triplicate (ICCE1=0.91, ICCE2=0.86) was better than one colony (ICCE1=0.86, ICCE2=0.80). E1 had an excellent concordance when measurements were performed on photos using a white background (ICC=0.95) and a good concordance in the other conditions

Processamento de fotomicrografias por meio da transformada wavelet starlet

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Adaptação e instrumentação de um esqui ergométrico para pessoas com deficiência motora dos membros inferiores

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS

Evaluation of the Atibaia River water quality using Lecane bulla as a test organism

In view of the diversity of environments found in the Brazilian territory, it is understandable that the use of native species can provide more relevant information for ecotoxicological studies. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the quality of water samples from the Atibaia River in an area that is under the influence of petroleum refinery using a native test-organism and submitting the data to PCA statistical analysis. Therefore, acute toxicity assays with Lecane bulla (Rotifera) were performed in four locations of the river, as well as physical-chemical analyses. Sampling was drawn in the dry and rainy seasons. The bioassays were static and lasted 48 hours; dead organisms were quantified at the end of the tests. Toxicological differences among the samples/per location and control were compared by means of the Analysis of Variance. Physical-chemical and mortality variables were simultaneously analyzed by multivariate analysis of the principal components and the Pearson correlation coefficient. Water samples from the exit of the refinery stabilization pond (location S.1) were toxic to L. bulla in both seasons, with significant differences in relation to the control and between the seasons. The statistical treatment of data showed that mortality was strong and positively correlated with total hardness, chlorides and EC, which together with pH presented higher values in location S.1, in the dry and in the rainy seasons. Due to its sensibility to the quality of the Atibaia river water samples, the potential use of L. bulla for ecotoxicological studies as an alternative test organism could be demonstrated.

Relationship between velopharyngeal closure, hypernasality, nasal air emission and nasal rustle in subjects with repaired cleft palate

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Inquérito de suplementação nutricional e experiência no treinamento resistido entre jovens do interior e litoral paulista

To the practitioners of resistance exercise, a better performance is associated with nutritional habits and the help of nutritional supplements. Whatever, this use has been made improperly and without foundation, advised by persons not trained, leading to misuse. To analyze the profile of practitioners in the knowledge of and access to supplements, as well as knowledge about the sport and the need to use additional food resources. A questionnaire will be used to youths aged 15 to 21 consumers of nutritional supplements on the sports, the substance used, why the substance used, who appointed her, which substances have been used, satisfaction with that product, and socioeconomic characteristics of the individual. The data will be correlated by Pearson's correlation coefficient. It is expected that the abuse of supplements is associated with ease by socioeconomic status and experience in the sport for the little progress with the adoption of a routine training exercise in the circumstances only. The major difference compared to the goal of practice, was the motivation for the improvement of physical fitness (Guaruja 21% and Bauru 9.6%), with the intention of increasing muscle mass response occurring closer (Guaruja 22% and Bauru 19.2%) among respondents, and reported more emphasis on the Interior Health (17.3%). The use of supplements is somewhat similar to trends involving body aesthetics and fitness for participation in sports, in the Coast (hypertrophy: 33% body fat reduction, improved endurance and improved performance in sports: 20%), and beauty, fitness and health, the Interior (hypertrophy: 41% increase in strength: 22%, and quality of life: 15%). Interest in the use of supplements is mostly aimed at the improvement of overload training (Guaruja 67% and Bauru 56%) but the sources of information on the use of supplements have become more secure among the respondents of the Interior (gym teacher: 20%, Conferences and Symposia: 12%, and the...

Assessment of structural cardiac abnormalities and diastolic function in women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Background: The main manifestation of hyperglycaemia during pregnancy is gestational diabetes mellitus. It can herald diabetes mellitus type 2 and its deleterious long-term effects, such as hypertension and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to assess diastolic function in women with gestational diabetes mellitus, one of the first signs of future cardiovascular disease.Methods: A total of 21 women with gestational diabetes mellitus and 23 healthy pregnant women (control group) between 34 and 37weeks of gestation underwent echocardiographic assessment. The diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus was made in agreement with the American Diabetes Association criteria. Echocardiographic images obtained were analysed according to the criteria of the American Society of Echocardiography. Data were analysed using Pearson correlation coefficient, analysis of variance and Student's t-test.Results: Women with gestational diabetes mellitus had higher posterior wall and interventricular septum thickness, increased left ventricular mass and left ventricular mass index, lower early diastolic annular velocity and early diastolic annular velocity/late diastolic annular velocity ratio. There was a positive correlation between left ventricular mass index and fasting glucose and pregnancy body mass index.Conclusion: Patients with gestational diabetes mellitus seem to have a different diastolic profile as well as a mildly dysfunctional pattern on echocardiogram, which may show a need for greater glycaemic control.