Lack of association between iron status at birth and growth of preterm infants

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between iron status at birth and growth of preterm infants. METHODS: Ninety-five premature babies (26 to 36 weeks of gestational age) born from July 2000 to May 2001 in a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil, were followed up for six months, corrected by gestational age. Iron measurements at birth were available for 82 mothers and 78 children: hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume and plasma iron. All children received free doses of iron supplement (2 mg/kg/day) during the follow-up period and up to two years of age. Multivariate linear regression analyses with repeated measurements were performed to assess factors associated to linear growth. RESULTS: Growth was more pronounced up to 40 weeks of gestational age, increasing about 1.0 cm/week and then slowing down to 0.75 cm/week. The multivariate analysis showed growth was positively associated with birth weight (0.4 cm/100 g; p<0.001) and negatively associated with gestational age at birth (-0.5 cm/week; p<0.001). There was no association between cord iron and mother iron measurements and growth (p>0.60 for all measures). Only two children had anemia at birth, whereas 43.9% of mothers were anemic (hemoglobin <11 g/dl). Also, there was no correlation between anemia indicators of mothers and children at birth (r<0.15; p>0.20). CONCLUSIONS: Maternal anemia was not associated with anemia in preterm infants and iron status of mothers and children at birth was not associated with short-term growth of preterm infants.

Condições de acessibilidade na universidade: o ponto de vista de estudantes com deficiência

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O Combate à fraude e evasão fiscais: a atuação da administração tributária e a avaliação dos resultados obtidos

Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Auditoria Orientação científica do Professor Coordenador Rodrigo Mário Oliveira Carvalho

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon levels in three pelagic fish species from Atlantic Ocean: inter-specific and inter-season comparisons and assessment of potential public health risks

The concentrations of 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in three commercially valuable fish species (sardine, Sardina pilchardus; chub mackerel, Scomber japonicus; and horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus) from the Atlantic Ocean. Specimens were collected seasonally during 2007–2009. Only low molecular weight PAHs were detected, namely, naphthalene, acenaphthene, fluorene and phenanthrene. Chub mackerel (1.80–19.90 microg/kg ww) revealed to be significantly more contaminated than horse mackerel (2.73–10.0 microg/kg ww) and sardine (2.29–14.18 microg/kg ww). Inter-specific and inter-season comparisons of PAHs bioaccumulation were statistically assessed. The more relevant statistical correlations were observed between PAH amounts and total fat content (significant positive relationships, p < 0.05), and season (sardine displayed higher amounts in autumn–winter while the mackerel species showed globally the inverse behavior). The health risks by consumption of these species were assessed and shown to present no threat to public health concerning PAH intakes.

Contribuição para a aplicação de um plano de segurança de água ao sistema de abastecimento do concelho de Angra do Heroísmo

Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia do Ambiente

Routine screening of harmful microorganisms in beach sands: implications to public health

Beaches worldwide provide recreational opportunities to hundreds of millions of people and serve as important components of coastal economies. Beach water is often monitored for microbiological quality to detect the presence of indicators of human sewage contamination so as to prevent public health outbreaks associated with water contact. However, growing evidence suggests that beach sand can harbor microbes harmful to human health, often in concentrations greater than the beach water. Currently, there are no standards for monitoring, sampling, analyzing, or managing beach sand quality. In addition to indicator microbes, growing evidence has identified pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and fungi in a variety of beach sands worldwide. The public health threat associated with these populations through direct and indirect contact is unknown because so little research has been conducted relating to health outcomes associated with sand quality. In this manuscript, we present the consensus findings of a workshop of experts convened in Lisbon, Portugal to discuss the current state of knowledge on beach sand microbiological quality and to develop suggestions for standardizing the evaluation of sand at coastal beaches. The expert group at the "Microareias 2012" workshop recommends that 1) beach sand should be screened for a variety of pathogens harmful to human health, and sand monitoring should then be initiated alongside regular water monitoring; 2) sampling and analysis protocols should be standardized to allow proper comparisons among beach locations; and 3) further studies are needed to estimate human health risk with exposure to contaminated beach sand. Much of the manuscript is focused on research specific to Portugal, but similar results have been found elsewhere, and the findings have worldwide implications.

Knowledge, attitude and practice of mammography among women users of public health services

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate knowledge, attitude and practice related to mammography among women users of local health services, identifying barriers to its performance. METHODS: A total of 663 women were interviewed at 13 local health centers in a city of Southeastern Brazil, in 2001. Interviewees were randomly selected at each center and they were representative from different socioeconomic conditions. The number of interviewees at each center was proportional to monthly mean appointments. For data analysis, answers were described as knowledge, attitude, practice and their respective adequacies and then they were correlated with control variables through the chi-square test. RESULTS: Only 7.4% of the interviewees had adequate knowledge on mammography, while 97.1% of women had an adequate attitude. The same was seen for the practice of mammography that was adequate in 35.7% of the cases. The main barrier to mammography was lack of referral by physicians working at the health center (81.8%). There was an association between adequacy of attitude and five years or more of education and being married. There was also an association between adequacy of mammography practice and being employed and family income up to four minimum wages. CONCLUSIONS: Women users of local health services had no adequate knowledge and practice related to mammography despite having an adequate attitude about this exam.

On clustering interval data with different scales of measures : experimental results

This article is is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC) license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon work non-commercially, and although the new works must also acknowledge & be non-commercial.

Análise da perceção da reforma do estado, ao nível da administração local, na Região Autónoma dos Açores

Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências Económicas e Empresariais.

Avaliação energética do Complexo Municipal de Piscinas de Folgosa

O presente trabalho insere-se no âmbito do Mestrado de Engenharia Química, ramo Optimização Energética na Indústria Química e pretende-se efectuar a avaliação energética do Complexo Municipal de Piscinas de Folgosa, localizado no Concelho da Maia, tendo como principais bases os Decretos-Lei 78, 79 e 80 de 04 de Abril 2006. Uma vez que a área útil de pavimento do presente edifício é superior a 1000 m2, encontra-se englobado no conceito de Grande Edifício de Serviços (GES). A escolha do Complexo Municipal de Piscinas de Folgosa para a realização do presente estudo prendeu-se com o facto de ser um objectivo da Câmara Municipal, mais concretamente do Departamento de Conservação e Manutenção de Estruturas Municipais, dar inicio aos procedimentos necessários para a certificação energética dos diversos edifícios Municipais, aliado ao facto das piscinas serem um tipo de edifício desportivo de elevada complexidade em termos de gestão, um grande consumidor de energia e possuidor de uma elevada diversidade de equipamentos. O objectivo principal será o de caracterizar energeticamente o edifício e optimizar os consumos do mesmo, de forma a reduzir, não só os consumos energéticos e respectiva factura, mas também nas emissões dos gases de efeito de estufa (CO2), pelo que a ordem de trabalhos inclui a realização de: - Avaliação Energética de acordo com o n.º1 do artigo 2º e artigo 34º do D. L. 79/2006; - Verificação dos Requisitos de Condução e manutenção das instalações de Aquecimento, Ventilação e Ar Condicionado (AVAC); - Caracterização Energética do Edifício – Índice de Eficiência Energética. A metodologia seguida baseou-se na utilizada para a realização de uma auditoria energética, sendo que foram contempladas as seguintes etapas: estudo pormenorizado da legislação referente à certificação de edifícios; realização de um levantamento de consumos energéticos reais da instalação (com base nas facturas energéticas); das suas características funcionais e levantamento dos vários equipamentos consumidores de energia. O Complexo Municipal de Piscinas de Folgosa é uma instalação cuja média de consumo de energia eléctrica nos últimos três anos foi de 445969 kWh/ano e de 87300 m3 de gás natural, representando um consumo global de energia primária de 174,85 tep/ano. De acordo com o Sistema de Certificação Energética o Índice de Eficiência Energética determinado é de 54,50 kgep/m2 .ano. Uma vez que o IEE determinado é superior ao valor de IEEReferência existentes, o edifício estará obrigado ao cumprimento de um Plano de Racionalização Energética (PRE). É apresentado um conjunto de medidas que visam uma redução do consumo de energia do edifício e consequentemente uma melhoria no Índice de Eficiência Energética.

Mathematical education and interdisciplinarity : promoting public awareness of mathematics in the Azores

Mathematical literacy in Portugal is very unsatisfactory in what concerns international standards. Even more disturbingly, the Azores archipelago ranks as one of the worst regions of Portugal in this respect. We reason that the popularisation of Mathematics through interactive exhibitions and activities can contribute actively to disseminate mathematical knowledge, increase awareness of the importance of Mathematics in today’s world and change its negative perception by the majority of the citizens. Although a significant investment has been undertaken by the local regional government in creating several science centres for the popularisation of Science, there is no centre for the popularisation of Mathematics. We present our first steps towards bringing Mathematics to unconventional settings by means of hands-on activities. We describe in some detail three activities. One activity has to do with applying trigonometry to measure distances in Astronomy, which can also be applied to Earth objects. Another activity concerns the presence of numerical patterns in the Azorean flora. The third activity explores geometrical patterns in the Azorean cultural heritage. It is our understanding that the implementation of these and other easy-to-follow and challenging activities will contribute to the awareness of the importance and beauty of Mathematics.

Qual a relevância das celebridades na publicidade?

Esta dissertação tem por objectivo, estudar a relevância das celebridades em publicidade. A Publicidade tem um papel muito importante na sociedade em que vivemos. Desde sempre que foi um tema que me despertou muito interesse, assim como, as estratégias nela inseridas. A presença de celebridades em anúncios publicitários é uma prática muito comum para promover produtos e marcas. Com esta investigação tenho por objectivo perceber qual a relevância das celebridades em anúncios publicitários. Para tal recorri ao uso da escala da autora Roobina Ohanian que mede a credibilidade, atractividade e perícia destas fontes em anúncios. Através desta escala conseguimos estudar a interpretação do público à presença de celebridades na publicidade. O que, através dos estudos aplicados percebeu-se que a sua presença na publicidade é relevante.

Coordenação e fiscalização de obras na empresa Landway, S.A.

Relatório de Estágio para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia na Área de Especialização em Edificações

Public relations in part-time : full-time service: estratégia de comunicação para o lançamento de um novo modelo de negócio ds relações públicas em Portugal

O presente trabalho visa propor uma estratégia para a construção e lançamento de um novo modelo de negócio para a atuação das Relações Públicas em Portugal, numa proposta direcionada para as micro e pequenas empresas. Entre o serviço in house e a consultadoria clássica existe um espaço não coberto em Portugal: um serviço in house partilhado. Apresenta-se aqui este projeto de serviço de Relações Públicas para aqueles para quem é incomportável assumir nos seus quadros um Técnico de Comunicação.