Health reforms in Latin America: processes and results

Two types of health reforms in Latin America are analysed: one based on insurance and service commodification and the one referred to the unified public systems of progressive governments. Health insurance with explicit service packages has not fulfilled their purposes of universal coverage, equal access to necessary health services and improvement of health conditions but has opened health as a field of profit making for insurance companies and private health providers. The national health services as a state obligation have developed territorialized health services and widened substantially timely access to the majority of the population. The adoption of an integrated and wide social policy has an impact on population well fare. It faces some problems derived from the old health systems and the power of the insurance and medical complex.

The Spanish reforms on domestic work regulation

This paper analyses the latest Spanish reforms regarding domestic work. The Spanish legislator, doubtlessly influenced by the ILO Domestic Work Convention nº 189 – which, however, was not later ratified in Spain- made a deep reform on domestic work in 2011. This legal reform implied a striking change that affected both working conditions and social security of employees in the family home. The aim of this reform has been to bring the regulation in domestic work closer to the general regulation for other workers, although maintaining certain specialties. Regarding working conditions, their setting as “particular employment relationship” has been held. However, the differences between this relationship and the common ones have been reduced. As for social security, domestic employees have been incorporated into the General Social Security System, but with important specialties, thus erasing the Special Domestic Employees System. The paper also examines the legal changes that have taken place in this field after the new Government arose.

The Formation of a Liberal Thinker: Georg Jellinek and his Early Writings (1872 – 1878)

Georg Jellinek is known as one of the most prominent representative of German legal positivism. This article aims at identifying and discussing the more theoretical- political connotation of Jellinek’s thought with a particular focus on his liberal inspiration. According to the perspective of the history of political thought, this article shows how some intellectual premises to Jellinek’s liberalism take shape and emerge from a series of young Jellinek’s writings on history of philosophy and history of ideas.

The Good Liberal and the Scoundrel Author: Fantasy, Dissent, and neoliberal subjectivity in Philip Pullman’s His Dark Materials

Philip Pullman, author of the His Dark Materials trilogy, has acquired an impressive critical reputation and acquired a favored role in British culture as a social commentator. This essay attempts to link the pleasures associated with the trilogy with the politics inscribed in them, and consider both in the context of Pullman’s role in the civil society. The essay suggests that The Northern Lights offers pleasures in fantastical and metaphysical possibilities, and social confederacies that potentially offset the affective privations of neoliberalism. These possibilities are set in the context of recent theories of the “enterprise society.” The essay draws attention to a number of discontinuities that unfold as the trilogy progresses, and suggests that these undermine the possibilities inherent in the first novel. These disconti - nuities throw the role of fantasy and alternative universes into question, and reveal the limitations of Pullman’s fiction. The essay considers the limit and scope of Pullman’s political vision, both as a function of his fiction and his public engagement with social issues, and suggests that he exemplifies Raymond Williams’s concept of “bourgeois dissent” in which political critique and a continuing investment in traditional institutions and class hierarchy can be mutually reinforcing.

Allgemeinbildung, Staat und Politik. Zur aktuellen Diskussion um die angelsächsische "liberal education"

In der angelsächsischen analytischen Erziehungsphilosophie wurde ein Konzept allgemeiner Bildung (Liberal education) herausgearbeitet, das den Bildungsanspruch in wissenstheoretischem Rekurs argumentativ zu legitimieren und zu begründen versucht. Dabei geht sie von einem differenzierten Erfahrungs- und Wissensfeld aus, das an öffentliche Standards der Verständigung gebunden ist. Diese Theorie wird an zwei ausgewählten Beispielen geprüft: Einerseits an den US-amerikanischen Debatten um die „cultural literacy" und andererseits an den Auseinandersetzungen um die Einführung des „National Curriculum" in England und Wales. Abschließend wird der Zusammenhang einer wissenstheoretisch fundierten Theorie der Liberal education mit bestimmten politischen Optionen diskutiert. Dabei wird sich zeigen, daß hinsichtlich politischer Zuordnungen dieser Theorie keine systematische Notwendigkeit besteht, und daß das Konzept einer integrierenden Allgemeinbildung in demokratischen, sozialen Staaten unverzichtbar und gleichzeitig nicht beliebig multikulturell ausrichtbar ist. (DIPF/Orig.)

"Natural" disasters as (neo-liberal) opportunity? Discussing post-hurricane Katrina urban regeneration in New Orleans

By providing a wide literature review, post-hurricane Katrina uneven urban regeneration in New Orleans is presented here by framing it within a historical perspective in order to underline how environmental threats too often seem to be not so much “natural” but rather man-made as well as to highlight both the reasons and the ways in which, in post-disaster reconstruction, competitive growth has been valued over equity, by directly benefiting those who were already the most advantaged. The aim is to highlight how environmental disasters can be considered as socially constructed phenomena, as they cannot be seen as a single event but rather as a process made by a series of progressive steps occurring within different spheres, which do not necessarily concern the environment only.

En defensa de una escuela: artículos publicados en El Liberal, seguidos de algunas opiniones de la prensa y de uno inédito En defensa personal

81 p.

La di?spora del castillo de cristal: las disputas faccionales y la hiperfragmentaci?n del partido liberal, en medio de la herencia frentenacionalista 1982 - 1990. El caso de Cali

Este documento describe el comportamiento pol?tico de las facciones del Partido Liberal, durante las elecciones en Cali entre 1982 y 1990; en el contexto de la hiperfragmentaci?n (HF) del sistema pol?tico. A trav?s del an?lisis documental de prensa y revistas de actualidad pol?tica, haremos una descripci?n de las facciones liberales oficialistas e independientes que sobresalieron en la pol?tica cale?a, describiendo su interacci?n y algunas de las estrategias implementadas para ocupar cargos tanto en el Partido Liberal, como los cargos ejecutivos y administrativos del pa?s, la regi?n y la ciudad de Cali. Se sugiere que hay una relaci?n entre la fragmentaci?n de los partidos y las cambiantes relaciones entre las facciones del PL, en la medida en que la literatura sobre partidos y sistemas de partidos analiza los momentos puntuales en el que el liberalismo fue fragment?ndose, hasta crearse peque?os grupos en competencia unos con otros por las curules de elecci?n popular.

Richard Rorty: etnoc?ntrico, liberal y sentimental

Maestr?a en Filosof?a

Caetano de Andrade e a justiça como princípio da sociedade liberal

Caetano de Andrade expõe e debate, em 1870, temas que ganharam relevância com as reformas liberais que procuravam libertar o país dos entraves ao desenvolvimento económico. A discussão do direito de reunião e de associação dos trabalhadores, assim como as virtuosidades da cooperação em termos de concertação social, levam o autor a interrogar-se pelos princípios que poderiam conferir um sentido consistente ao aperfeiçoamento das diversas instituições sociais e políticas e que resistisse a todas as incertezas que os pudessem abalar. Iremos procurar apresentar a argumentação do autor e os princípios em que se apoiou, expondo, em primeiro lugar, a experiência de vários países que fizeram evoluir a sua legislação, consagrando o direito de associação dos operários como princípio basilar dos ideais liberais. De seguida, iremos centrar a atenção nos seguintes tópicos: os fundamentos em que se sustenta o direito de associação das classes operárias e o correlativo direito de petição ou de reclamação dos seus interesses; o diálogo com o utilitarismo e com Proudhon para definir uma conceção de valor e de justiça; a importância da educação para o desenvolvimento duma sociedade justa; finalmente, as virtuosidades da cooperação como forma de harmonizar os interesses das diferentes classes, a fim de salvaguardar o bem¬ estar social e o desenvolvimento económico.