881 resultados para Agricultura - Aspectos sociais


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Visceral leishmaniasis hás adapted in the past 20 years to periurban and urban areas, and in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, it became endemic. Thid study aimed to evaluate the environmental and social aspectsof Leishmania chagasi infection and its epidemiologic transmission chain in an urban, periurban and rural area of Parnamirim-RN. A study with three sections was conducted: Section 1: Sectional study of the human and canine infection by L. chagasi and its environmental and social determinants. Section 2: Observational longitudinal cohort to evaluate the dynamics of the canine infection. Section 3: Longitudinal study to evaluate the behavior of Lu. Longipalpis vector and the seasonal factors related to its dynamics. To include in the study the hauses were randomly selected and georreferenciated. Montenegro skin test was done in the human population and blood samples were collected for anti-Leishmania antibody detection. The canine population was examinated for L. chagasi infection by RIFI, ELISA and ELISA for rK39. An entomologic surveillance was monthly done with CDC light trapsin 10 houses of each locality. Quantitative and qualitative analyses was done using STATISC 6.0. Probality and prediction maps were done using ArcGis 9.0 model. In the human population L. chagasi infection was associated with the area of the hause, age, sex, population densyti, vegetation, kind of the floor of thr hause, water and resides destiny. In the canine population L. chagasi infection was associated with the breed, size, time of living in the hause, presence of dogs in the neighborhood, presence of horses and donkeys in the neighborhood, vegetation, kind of the floor and walls of the hause. The human infection was associated with canine infction only when analyzed taking into account the locality. In the prospective study, serum conversion and antibody lost observed in 30,8% and 22% of the animals examined, respectively. The human infection rate by L. chagasi was 24,6%, by the presence of anti-Leishmania antibody and 38,6% by the Montenegro skin test. The canine infection rate 32,5% by the presence of anti-Leishmania antibody. The vector Lu longipalpis showed an atypical behavior. These results indicate that environmental and social factors are important variables associated with L. chagasi infection in humans and canines, with punctual association of thr last two. Control measures of the infection on the studied points are necessary, in the aim to reduce the endemic focus of the disease in the study area. This research was carried out in a multidisciplinary involving the categories of: doctor, biologist, veterinarian, statistical, pharmaceutical and biochemical

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The survey sought information from the relationship between father and child with disability regarding space, responsibilities and feelings in the parental relationship. Ten fathers, aged 31 to 66 years, with varied educational and professional backgrounds, answered a questionnaire with 19 semi-structured questions grouped into 16 categories of analysis. The conclusion showed that fathers perceive disability differently over time. The information usually comes from a doctor, but when the disability is not very evident, and doesn't cause significant impairment, realization comes over time. The shock of the discovery and behaviors of rejection are major feelings for fathers. Most fathers report differences in roles played by women and men in raising children; they believe that their responsibility is to provide for the family, while the mother's duty is to accompany the child. They feel that they share with the mothers the responsibility for caring for the child and, in general they don't feel they have been accused of being distant. They try to follow the child's treatment. The children are as attached to them as to other family members. To live with a minimum of quality of life they agreed unanimously about the need for greater income and benefits from social welfare. Most recognize that they are afraid of having other children with disabilities. They express low expectations for the total independence of the children, and among the fathers who have more than one child, the majority acknowledged the existence of differential treatment. They attributed the causes to medical errors. Fathers feel much the same as mothers, but they have different ways of demonstrating what they feel.

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Nova Alta Paulista region, with strong aptitude for agribusiness, is one of the poorest in the state of São Paulo. However, the development of agribusiness productive chains in the region is very heterogeneous. The study aimed at analyzing how the historical background and organizational arrangements in family farming have contributed to regional development by promoting improvements in social welfare at Nova Alta Paulista region. To this end, we analyzed the case of the Associação Agrícola de Junqueirópolis - AAJ, an organization that has been successful in the search for alternative of agricultural production. Integrated to local and global market, this organization has ensured the maintenance of many farmers and generated positive externalities for the entire region. Thus, this case shows the organizational arrangement based on cooperation can be an alternative for family farmers achieve higher levels of welfare and development.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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O trânsito é caracterizado como uma questão de saúde pública pela Organização Mundial da Saúde. O grande número de acidentes de trânsito não retira deste fato o status calamitoso que o mesmo detém, o que acaba por corroborar a preocupação das Nações Unidas em relação ao aumento progressivo da violência no trânsito, o que a fez proclamar a Década de Ação pela Segurança no Trânsito 2011/2020 em consequência da gravidade da situação, que vem ceifando mais vidas do que nos períodos de guerra, o que é corroborado pela constatação do crescimento em 24% do número total de óbitos por acidentes com transporte, no período de 2002 a 2010 pelo Sistema de Informações de Mortalidade da Organização Mundial da Saúde, revelando a importância social desta dissertação, que tem como objetivo identificar os fatores potencializadores de acidentes de trânsito com vitimizações fatais ocorridos na rodovia BR 316 nos quilômetros 21 ao 278, no período de 2010 a 2012. Para tanto, lançou-se mão de uma metodologia baseada em explorações teóricas aliadas a análises de informações provenientes do banco de dados da Polícia Rodoviária Federal que foram tratados a partir da aplicação de técnicas estatísticas descritivas e multivariadas a fim de confirmar a hipótese suscitada. Diante disto, pode-se concluir que o ano de 2011 foi o período marcado pelo maior número de ocorrências, ocorrências estas que se tornaram mais frequentes nos meses de junho, julho e dezembro, respectivamente, os quais se concentraram no turno da tarde e causados, sobretudo, pela falta de atenção, a desobediência à sinalização e a falta de guarda da distância de segurança; saliente-se o fato de que nos turnos da madrugada e noite os acidentes mais frequentes foram causados por ultrapassagens indevidas, condutores dormindo ao volante, defeitos na via e a ingestão de álcool e ainda vale antecipar, que nos intervalos de quilômetros de 41 a 50, 91 a 100, 101 a 110, 121 a 130, 141 a 150, 151 a 160, 201 a 210, 231 a 240, 251 a 260 e 261 a 270 da BR 316, é frequente que dos acidentes que ocorrem resultem dois ou mais feridos graves, sendo que destes feridos graves, nos intervalos de quilômetros 91 a 100 e 121 a 130, 221 a 230, dois ou mais venham a falecer. Desta forma, conclui-se que nos intervalos quilômetros 91 a 100 e 121 a 130, os feridos graves inevitavelmente faleceram. Diante disto, pode-se observar que o efetivo sentido de cidadania que deve ser dado às relações que se configuram a partir da utilização consciente do trânsito está perdido em meio a uma crise moral de sentidos, especialmente, em relação à obediência às leis de trânsito, o que acaba por transformar a rodovia BR 316 em um cenário de perdas iminentes de vidas, sobretudo, quando se remete ao fato de que todo o acidente de trânsito é previsível e evitável.

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Nowadays the regular practice of sports is known as a way to obtain a better quality of life. On the other hand, the media has been distorting this idea, determining the ideal body as the hypertrophy phenotype. It is well known that the genetic factor does not allow all individuals to have this body shape. Besides the fact that, the anxiety of these people in obtain quick results, as one of the globalization’s consequence, make use of anabolic steroid to achieve this goal. However the bodybuilding or the strength muscle gain, make anabolic steroids users abuse and in major cases the users do not know the side effects. In front of these considerations, the present study evaluated the effects of the treatment with anabolic steroids and/or high intensity physical training on the corporal developing, the reproductive organs, bone parameters (strength and bone deformation) and seminal parameters as well the social behavior (aggressiveness). In other to obtain the experimental group, male Wistar rats were used, with 75 days old. The groups were divided into: Vehicle Non-Training (NV), Anabolic Steroid-Non-Training (NA), Vehicle-Training (TV) and Anabolic Steroid-Training (TA). These rats received i.m. injections, twice a week, of anabolic steroid (5mg/kg per animal of nandrolona decanoate) or vehicle (the same volume of peanut oil per animal) and the group TV and TA were submitted to physical training three times per week, during eight weeks. The body mass, wet weight of reproductive organs, femur and semen of the different groups were measured. The aggressive test was also realized in two steps: the first, within 4 weeks of the treatment and the other step in the end of the treatment, in this period the animal was isolated. It was not observed alterations in body mass of the groups. Though it was observed a benefic effect on the maximum strength of the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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Pós-graduação em Agronegócio e Desenvolvimento - Tupã

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Skateboarding gets practitioners and followers all over the world and it's still growing. Thus performing a detailed analysis of its tracks becomes exciting. This study has a purpose of investigation about the evolution of the skateboard as a leisure activity and as a sport, supported by historical and social factors analysis that influenced their growth. Furthermore to understand the sport history and its influence in the socialization process, and also in the insertion of individuals in a social context within the body movement culture. The methodology used in this study was based on a literature review, analyzing articles, books, documents, websites and reports of the genre. It was concluded that the practice of skateboarding is unique and it's promoted to be and to have self identity and it is directly related to an activity that is characterized as free and creative without any molded identity. And also promote the insertion of this kind of skateboarding as a universal phenomenon about the body movement seeking social interactions in different educational views through a sharing attitude

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O objetivo deste trabalho é o de apresentar a situação atual do desenvolvimento da produção de base ecológica no Brasil, e no Estado de São Paulo. Para tanto, resgatou-se o histórico da emergência e expansão da agricultura de base ecológica, identificou-se a diversidade da produção e do mercado, os elementos motivadores desta expansão e os obstáculos, à luz do contexto atual. Realizamos a interpretação sócio-econômica de dados estatísticos coletados, análise de entrevistas efetuadas com diferentes agentes sociais e organizações econômicas. Os resultados foram os seguintes: i) histórico da emergência e expansão da agricultura de base ecológica; ii) Identificação do estado de desenvolvimento da produção de base ecológica no Brasil; iii) Identificação do desenvolvimento da produção de base ecológica do Estado de São Paulo iii) Identificação e caracterização das cadeias da produção certificadas respectivamente para exportação e mercados locais. iv) Comentários sobre diversos aspectos da produção e do mercado, baseados nos estudos de casos conduzidos no âmbito do projeto Global Org, e das ações de pesquisas dos autores, e em especial sobre o processo de transição em curso. Os resultados devem subsidiar a formulação de políticas públicas no âmbito do desenvolvimento da produção e comercialização de alimentos orgânicos do País.