892 resultados para Relações internacionais - Século XXI
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Este artigo pretende estudar a inserção do Brasil no Mecanismo de Desenvolvimento Limpo (MDL) do Protocolo de Quioto, por meio de projetos em energia limpa, enfatizando a cooperação entre países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento e visando as ações práticas que esse mecanismo permite desenvolver para se alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável e para conter o aquecimento global. Para isto, realizou-se extensa revisão bibliográfica dos acordos internacionais referentes às mudanças climáticas e de livros e artigos sobre a inserção brasileira no Protocolo de Quioto e no Mecanismo de Desenvolvimento Limpo. O Protocolo de Quioto é um acordo internacional que prevê a redução das emissões de gases de efeito estufa por intermédio de mecanismos flexibilizadores. O Mecanismo de Desenvolvimento Limpo é o único que permite a participação de países em desenvolvimento, para que eles reduzam emissões por meio de projetos que busquem o desenvolvimento sustentável. Neste contexto, o Brasil surge como um país atrativo para o recebimento destes projetos, por sua vocação para desenvolver fontes alternativas de energia e pela sua liderança no processo negociador do Protocolo. O MDL configura-se, portanto, em uma grande oportunidade para o Brasil, visto que esses projetos representam uma fonte de recursos financeiros para que o país busque o desenvolvimento sustentável, além de incentivarem um maior conhecimento científico e a adoção de novas tecnologias.
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Trata-se de avaliar como a aproximação entre os países promovendo a integração regional incide sobre qualidade da democracia e como esta se apresenta no setor de defesa e segurança. A perspectiva adotada é que o grau de estabilidade nas relações civil-militares incide diretamente sobre a formulação e desenvolvimento da cooperação em segurança regional e na estabilidade da democracia latino-americana.
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This paper proposes discusses the theme of the youth and of the violation of rights in the context of the Young Agent Program developed in the local authority of Arez/RN, sugar cane region of the Brazilian northeast. We take like empirical reference, the young people in the age group from 15 to 17 years old that were participating of the activities of the Program, in the period of April to July of 2008. Objectives of this study were constituted, economical-partner apprehended the conditions and cultural of the young participants of the Young Agent Program, in the context of violations of rights; as well as the analysis of the limits and means, of the bases theoretician-politician, methodological and of the activities developed in the Program. In the persecution of the objectives we use like methodological instrumental the observation, activities in group with the focal group technique and the application of semi-structured interviews. As result, we notice that the violation of rights of the young persons inserted in the Young Agent Program of Arez sets itself up as reflex of the multiple determinations of the social question, inherent in the capitalist society, specified in the context of the poverty and of the social unequality that they acquire visibility in the hunger, in the unemployment / menial job, in the precarious dwelling, in the low schooling, for lack of leisure, in the violence between others. The approximations systematized in this healthy work relevant for the Unveiling of the reality of the Brazilian youth, specifically of Arez young people, in such a way that they come to subsidize future inquiries, are eaten by me also it promotes the discussion around the way like the Social Politics Programs they are implemented and driven in the capitalist society, in its neoliberal format, where the focusing and the selectivity is put on top to the detriment of the universal access of the democratic rights. So, the great challenge that is put for the XXI century is to cause to the voices from these which they do and this which build this country, in the continuous and tireless search of the rights realization in the struggle against the barbarism installed in the capitalist societycapitalista
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O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o significado do Mercosul para a política exterior do Brasil. Para isso, discutiremos as percepções das elites brasileiras em relação ao processo de integração regional. A defesa do princípio da intergovernamentalidade está ligada à concepção do lugar do Mercosul nas relações internacionais do país. A grande valorização de princípios como o do universalismo e o de soberania acaba afetando o aprofundamento da integração. A hipótese deste trabalho é que a estrutura do Mercosul seria condizente com as percepções de parte das elites brasileiras. Argumentaremos que a estrutura atual é insuficiente para garantir a dinâmica da integração.
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Induzidos por uma mudança estrutural na dinâmica da sociedade internacional, muitos municípios, por meio do exercício da chamada paradiplomacia ou diplomacia federativa, vêm elaborando instrumentos de gestão municipal para captar recursos via experiências de Cooperação Técnica Internacional (CTI). Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste artigo é mapear conceitualmente o fenômeno de CTI, visando a facilitar sua compreensão e suas consequências práticas para a sociedade brasileira.
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A classe trabalhadora no século XXI, em plena era da globalização, é mais fragmentada, mais heterogênea e ainda mais diversificada. Pode-se constatar, neste processo, uma perda significativa de direitos e de sentidos, em sintonia com o caráter destrutivo do capital vigente. O sistema de metabolismo, sob controle do capital, tornou o trabalho ainda mais precarizado, por meio das formas de subempregado, desempregado, intensificando os níveis de exploração para aqueles que trabalham. Esse processo é bastante distinto, entretanto, das teses que propugnam o fim do trabalho. Este texto explora alguns dos significados e das dimensões das mudanças que vêm ocorrendo no mundo do trabalho.
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In this beginning of the XXI century, the Geology moves for new ways that demand a capacity to work with different information and new tools. It is within this context that the analog characterization has important in the prediction and understanding the lateral changes in the geometry and facies distribution. In the present work was developed a methodology for integration the geological and geophysical data in transitional recent deposits, the modeling of petroliferous reservoirs, the volume calculation and the uncertainties associate with this volume. For this purpose it was carried planialtimetric and geophysics (Ground Penetrating Radar) surveys in three areas of the Parnaíba River. With this information, it was possible to visualize the overlap of different estuary channels and make the delimitation of the channel geometry (width and thickness). For three-dimensional visualization and modeling were used two of the main reservoirs modeling software. These studies were performed with the collected parameters and the data of two reservoirs. The first was created with the Potiguar Basin wells data existents in the literature and corresponding to Açu IV unit. In the second case was used a real database of the Northern Sea. In the procedures of reservoirs modeling different workflows were created and generated five study cases with their volume calculation. Afterwards an analysis was realized to quantify the uncertainties in the geological modeling and their influence in the volume. This analysis was oriented to test the generating see and the analogous data use in the model construction
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By the end of the 21st Century, economy globalization trends to show a velocity process through which market being expanded characterized by an intense going on of the internationalization of finance, after that marginalizing the periphery of the social spaces. It is clear to see that this process occurred in those less developed countries happens in an accentuated way just because income distribution that is so regressive and also because the insufficient enclosing of the social programs, we find this situation in a big part of Brazilian cities. The marginalizing social economical process observed in Natal, a city located in the east coast part of Northeast region in Brazil and that owns a population upper to 778 thousand in habitants is nearly linked to the extension of goods and services commerce. The installation of new urban activities in the city pointed out tourist activity as the greater impulsive thing in the phenomenon promotion, most of them aiming to promote Natal to the national and international scenery. It privilege strongly in the South zone with economical implementations such as shopping s centers, supermarkets, and home buildings condominiums leading to a loss of functionality of some traditional district located in central areas of the city. Notwithstanding, some spaces, for instance Alecrim district officially created in 1911, has notably resisted to the expansion of the urban process pointed out in Natal in the last years. So that this put Alecrim District as a district with originally characteristics reaffirmed along the historical process form old times. The predominance of some residential characteristics such as the incidence of some villages and a concentration of a big and confuse popular commerce distributed along streets puts Alecrim District as a resistant space in Natal. The same way analyze Alecrim District under the prism of Historic Geography because we understand this way it accomplishes a fundamental role in the theoretical methodological development of our work, just when we analyze the time as a variant in our object of study. It is still inside this theoretical field that we carry out a brief reviewing about quarter/district definition, under the optic from several registered and scientific resources taken into account along this work, because we understand that it was necessary to think this important spatial unit especially to know exactly what we are referring to as a district and so we can reaffirm Alecrim as an important and traditional district to Natal and it has been resisting to spatial transformation verified in the last years in Natal city. To give support to our reflection we used methodological tools related to inhabitants lifestyles knowledge and also the study of Alecrim District as a space that promote a certain centrality in Natal as some indicators to keep original characteristics in the district in Natal
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This work aims to analyze the local cuisine as an element of territorial identity from Seridó Rio Grande do Norte State in the contemporaneousness - XXI century, where it takes place one motion, seemly contradictory, yet dialogical, in the way of eating locally is modified by food diversity and yet is lauded as an element of resistance, that is, of identification. Based on the perspective that groups go over time outlining on the territory their eating cultural characteristics, we have noticed that the spatiality from the local cuisine has happened during the territorial structuring process, being susceptible to the social, economical and technological changes, that hover over this space. On the unfolding days it was created a whole semiology around the cookery , incorporating to its territory of living, symbols, images, knowledge, tastes, feelings and smells that legitimate a way of being, better saying, of eating. But not all of the plates that congregate these aspects, only the oldest, the most emblematic. Within the diverse intercrossing of culture at Seridó region, they are the ones that maintain the vinculum from the group with its culture and with its territory, reminding what they are, or at least what they were, conferring them a legitimacy before those to whom they relate. The cookery from the Seridó region, this way is a cultural geo-symbol that turn this space significant and visible, for ordering the inside characteristics from the group before the new socio-cultural models present in the territory
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O artigo sugere que, nas duas últimas décadas, os governos mexicanos vêm adotando medidas políticas e econômicas amplamente afinadas com o modelo de integração econômica das Américas proposto pelos EUA. A adesão incondicional ao Nafta e o empenho para consolidar os projetos do Corredor Biológico Mesoamericano e do Plano Puebla-Panamá são exemplos fundamentais dessa estratégia.
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Este artigo analisa a representação parlamentar no Mercosul e as implicações da institucionalização do Parlasul, expondo como este foi pensado e os desdobramentos de sua institucionalização, tendo presente uma preocupação em identificar mudanças ocorridas a partir de sua atuação, e de sua relação com os órgãos decisórios do Mercosul e os Congressos Nacionais.
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Pós-graduação em Linguística e Língua Portuguesa - FCLAR
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Pós-graduação em Artes - IA
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Pós-graduação em Artes - IA