827 resultados para Physical-education


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This paper explores the role of digital media and creativity in the processes of learning that occur in groups of urban skateboarders. In particular, it examines how the production and consumption of amateur videos contribute to both skaters’ mastery of the techniques of the sport and their integration into the culture of the sport. The data come from an ethnographic study of skateboarders in Hong Kong, which included in-depth interviews, participant observation and the collection of texts and artifacts like magazines, blog entries and amateur skating videos. Skateboarders use video in a number of ways that significantly impact their learning and integration into their communities. They use it to analyze tricks and techniques, to document the stages of their learning and socialization into the group, to set community standards, to build a sense of belonging with their ‘crews’ and to imagine ‘idealized futures’ for themselves and their communities. Understanding the value and function of such ‘semiotic mediation’ in learning and socialization into sport cultures, I suggest, can contribute to helping physical educators design tasks that integrate training in physical skills with opportunities for students to make meaning around their experiences of sport and physical education.

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Our interest about interdisciplinary teaching has grown during our time at Högskolan Dalarna and especially during the subject physical education. It became clear that people learn in different ways. The theoretical education in school benefits the visual and auditory strong learners but the kinesthetic strong learners find it more difficult to absorb the information. We argue that integrating subjects is a good way to mix theory and practice and thus gives more students an opportunity to learn the content of the subject. The intention of this examination paper is to investigate the relationship between the attitudes of the teachers regarding interdisciplinary teaching, the practical restrains, possibilities and the presence of interdisciplinary teaching at three different schools. Semi-structured interviews with six physical educators and three principals have been performed. An ad-hoc method has been used, with categorizing (teachers), and narrative (principals). Teachers and principal’s definitions of, the pros and cons for, and the actual presence of interdisciplinary teaching have been investigated. The main results of our studies are: 1) That teachers and principals define interdisciplinary teaching as thematic work. 2) Teachers experience lack of time for collective planning due to others duties. 3) Teachers and principals understanding of physical education makes it difficult to integrate physical education with other subjects. Some of the conclusions from this study are that interdisciplinary teaching must be voluntary. Conditions to practice interdisciplinary teaching must be sufficient, e.g regarding collective planning time. An increased presence of interdisciplinary teaching that includes physical education requires a new understanding of physical education.

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The purpose of this work is to see if the students, on two separate high schools, understand what skills you should achieve after completing the course in physical education and health A 100 points. The entire study is based on a student perspective. In order to best answer the purpose, the questionnaire used in the "available groups" in schools. The questions for the work are: To what extent and how students perceive what they should achieve after completing the course in Sport and Health A?, Which is the goal, based on the curriculum in Physical Education, that students feel are important to achieve? and how do a comparison like between these two schools on the basis of what students perceive that they must achieve in Sport and Health A?The result shows that the main goal that finds support in the course objectives is an assertion; Has knowledge of what to eat to maintain or improve health, which over 90% of students had checked in. The least important goal was the claim 14; Know woods and fields and carry out outdoor activities, as 30% of students had checked in. The most important goal that does not find support in the course objectives is claim 10; to be reversed to the lessons, which was 88% in response rate among students. Here was the least important goal, claim 6; to be skilled in various ball games, which received 17% of student responses. The findings revealed that there is a clear health perspective in physical education in the studied groups at the two schools, one can also see that there is an uneven distribution of the elements included in the curriculum of Sport and Health A, and the outdoor life and dance is rare in the teaching of the groups studied at the two schools. Finally, it appeared that the lesson content and teaching are likely to have a significant role in student perceptions of course goals.

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Jenny Isberg (2009): Viljan till fysisk aktivitet – en intervention avsedd att stimulera ungdomar att bli fysiskt aktiva. Örebro Studies in Sport Sciences 6, 141 pp. Physical education (PE) at school may play an important role in the process of becoming physically active in the adolescence and in developing a physically active lifestyle. The opportunities for teachers to provide positive physical activity experiences to the student population extend regularly over the school terms. For some students, PE can be the only opportunity they have to be physically active. Therefore it is important that the students become motivated to practice physical activity and know the purpose with physical activity. The overall purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the possibilities to motivate youth, 12-16 years old, to practice physical activity and hopefully to stimulate them to continue to be physically active in young adulthood. The sample consisted of 122 Swedish compulsory school students (12-16 years old), 51 girls and 71 boys, who were either physically inactive, physically active but not formal members of sport clubs, or physically active and members of a sport club. They used a self-monitoring instrument to describe their physical activity and we compared their self-reported physical activity with their actual VO2 capacity and physical status. The self-monitoring instrument was further validated against an activity monitor, RT3. The intervention lasted one and a half years, and four to five years later a follow-up study was done. Using a quasi-experimental design, the three groups of participants were compared with youths who did not use the self-monitoring instrument. The main findings were that the associations between the accelerometer counts and the activities the students recorded in the self-monitoring instrument were high. The participants  in Group 1 (physically inactive) continued exercising nearly to the same extent as during the intervention while youths in a matched control group did not develop regular physical activity habits. Concerning Group 2 (exercisers), participants in the intervention group were more physically active both during the intervention and at follow-up, compared with a matched control group of exercisers who did not use the self-monitoring instrument. In Group 3 (sport team members), there was no difference between the intervention group and a matched control group after the intervention or at follow-up.  The conclusion of these main findings was that when someone motivates students to continue being physically active and to change their physical activity patterns in a positive direction, the self-monitoring instrument can be a door-opener for youths who are physically inactive or regularly active outside sports clubs.

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The overall aim of this thesis has been to investigate the meaning of the capability to move in order to identify and describe this capability from the perspective of the one who moves in relation to specific movements. It has been my ambition to develop ways to explicate, and thereby open up for discussion, what might form an educational goal in the context of movements and movement activities in the school subject of physical education and health (PEH). In this study I have used a practical epistemological perspective on capability to move, a perspective that challenges the traditional distinction between mental and physical skills as well as between theoretical and practical knowledge. Movement actions, or ways of moving, are seen as expressions of knowing. In order to explore an understanding of the knowing involved in specific ways of moving, observations of  actors’ ways of moving and their own experiences of moving were brought together. Informants from three different arenas took part: from PEH in upper secondary school, from athletics and from free-skiing. The results of the analyses suggest it is possible to describe practitioners’ developed knowing as a number of specific ways of knowing that are in turn related to specific ways of moving. Examples of such specific ways of moving may be discerning and modifying one’s own rotational velocity and navigating one’s (bodily) awareness. Additionally, exploring learners’ pre-knowing of a movement ‘as something’ may be fruitful when planning the teaching and learning of capability to move. I have suggested that these specific ways of knowing might be regarded as educational goals in PEH. In conducting this study, I have also had the ambition to contribute to the ongoing discussion of what ‘ability’ in the PEH context might mean. In considering specific ways of knowing in moving, the implicit and taken-for-granted meaning of ‘standards of excellence’ and ‘sports ability’can be discussed, and challenged.

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Over the last one of two decades, researchers within the physical education (PE) and sport pedagogy research frequently use the concept ‘the material body’. An initial purpose of this article is to explore what a concept of a ‘material body’ might mean. What other bodies are there? Who would dispute the materiality of bodies? I suggest that the use of a concept as ‘the material body’ suggests a hesitation before the radicalism of the linguistic turn in the sense that the concept ‘discourse’ does not include a material dimension. In this way ‘the material body’ relates to an interpretation of ‘the socially (or discursively) constructed body’ as void of matter. A further purpose with the article is to re-inscribe matter in the concept of ‘discourse’. This is done by way of discussing what theorists like Michel Foucault and, in particular, Judith Butler, has to say about the materiality of the body. In their writings, discourse should not be limited to spoken and/or written language. Rather, discourse is understood in terms of actions and events that create meanings—that matters. One conclusion of the article is that it is important to problematise the mundane view of discourse as ‘verbal interchange’ because it reinforces the promise of an objective knowledge that will eventually shed light on the ‘real’ body and the mysteries of sexual difference, what its origins are, what causes it. Another conclusion is that the PE and sport pedagogy research should pay less attention to the body as an object (what it ‘is’), and pay more attention to how the body matters, and e.g. how movements make bodies matter.

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O presente trabalho teve por objetivo traçar um quadro das dificuldades enfrentadas pelos professores que lidam com a Educação Física nas escolas de 1º, 2º e 3º graus de Porto Alegre e apresentar alternativas práticas para a superação destas dificuldades. Fizeram parte do estudo professores de Educação Física de 74 escolas estaduais, particulares e municipais de 1º e 2º graus e, professores de 6 estabelecimentos particulares e federais de ensino superior de Porto Alegre, num total de 275 indivíduos. A coleta de dados realizou-se através de questionário aberto, escala de opinião tipo Likert, observação de aulas e análise de documentos legais. Para a interpretação estatística utilizou-se os testes t análise de variância e teste U de Mann-Whitney. Para as informações de natureza qualitativa utilizou-se a técnica da Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que em relação à formação profissional recebida no curso de Educação Física atender às exigências da realidade de trabalho, não houve diferença significativa entre os professores das escolas particulares e públicas de 1º e 2º grau. Os professores, de forma geral, consideraram a área biológica como a mais adequada, seguida das áreas técnico-profissional e didático-pedagógica. A área humanística foi considerada a menos adequada. Em relação aos aspectos estruturais houve diferença significativa entre as respostas dos professores das escolas particulares e públicas de 1º e 2º graus. Os professores das escolas particulares consideram suas condições mais adequadas que os professores das escolas públicas. No ensino superior a situação se inverteu, os professores das escolas públicas consideraram suas condições melhores do que os das escolas particulares. Em relação ao local de trabalho constatou-se diferença significativa entre as escolas públicas e particulares de 1º e 2º grau. Os professores das escolas particulares consideram as condições de seu local de trabalho mais adequadas. Quanto aos aspectos didáticos-pedagógicos, tanto os professores das escolas públicas como das particulares de 1º e 2º graus consideraram que seus alunos mostram-se comprometidos com as aulas de Educação Física. Esses resultados formaram um quadro bastante coerente quando confrontados com a política econômica adotada pelo governo nas últimas décadas que repercutiu na educação sobre a forma de privatização e de utilização do ensino superior como instrumento de formação de mão-de-obra para o desenvolvimento do país nos moldes capitalistas. Como alternativas para a superação dessas dificuldades recomendamos: - a nível de formação profissional: o acréscimo de disciplinas da área humanística que permitam a aquisição de conhecimentos mais aprofundados sobre as questões políticas e sociais do professor de Educação Física; - a nível de local de trabalho: a integração dos conteúdos das aulas de Educação Física aos conteúdos das outras disciplinas curriculares principalmente nas primeiras séries do 1º grau; - em relação aos aspectos didático-pedagógicos: fornecer conhecimentos teóricos sobre a Educação Física que permitam aos alunos desenvolver atividades físicas e desportivas, mesmo fora da escola, de forma consciente e independente, com condições de identificar seus benefícios e malefícios sem auxílio do professor; - a nível estrutural recomendamos a militância em espaços que permitam uma interferência mais direta nas questões políticas e econômicas do país, tais como: associações, sindicatos e partidos políticos.

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Este texto diz sobre diferentes imagens do corpo da mulher. Diz, mais particularmente, sobre as práticas corporais e esportivas e a visibilidade do corpo feminino no início deste século. Diz de algumas modificações políticas, econômicas e culturais da sociedade brasileira deste tempo, cujas conseqüências, ao mesmo tempo que possibilitam a exibição do corpo feminino promovem, também, estratégias para seu ocultamento. Diz sobre três temas específicos: beleza, maternidade e feminilidade. Essa pesquisa busca mostras imagens da mulher presentes no primeiro periódico específico da Educação Física - a Revista Educação Física - publicada entre 1932 e 1945.

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Examinamos a Teoria do Desenvolvimento da Inteligência de Jean Piaget, na faixa etária entre 6 a 12 anos, para fundamentarmos as "diretrizes metodológicas" do ensino da "Educação do Movimento", na primeira fase do primeiro grau ou seja da classe de alfabetização ã 4a. série. Esta pesquisa bibliográfica, baseou-se nas diretrizes da Lei 5.692 e da política Nacional de Educação Física e Educação. A Educação do Movimento, como chamaremos a Educaça0 Física, neste período do 19 grau, é considerada como um meio eficaz no desenvolvimento das capacidades operatórias, da aptidão física c da socialização, ou seja das potencialidades do educando para que ele se auto-realize, preparando-o para sua vida profissional futura e para o exercício consciente da cidadania.

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Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo tornar explícita a vivência do sentimento de amor e desamor da díade amorosa de um grupo de pessoas, através de uma abordagem existencial fenômeno lógica. Caracterizou-se por uma pesquisa exploratória de campo que apreendeu os relatos de histórias já vividas por 69 pessoas, mulheres e homens, universitários dos cursos de Educação Física, Engenharia e Filosofia, tendo a maioria a idade de 22 e 23 anos. Com pressupostos da técnica dos Incidentes Críticos norteando uma entrevista, procurou-se captar como as pessoas expressam e percebem o sentimento de amor e desamor em relação ao companheiro(a) da díade amorosa. O sentimento de amor foi expresso por ações tais como "Declarar", "Acarinhar", "Presentear", "Confiar", "Ceder", "Mostrar interesse" através de "ajudar em momentos difíceis", "Apoiar/Preocupar", Acolher", "Procurar o outro" e "Querer estar junto". O sentimento de desamor foi apreendido como “Agredir", "Terminar o relacionamento", "Ser egoísta", "Mostrar desinteresse", através da "Indiferença, mostrar-se frio e distante", "Desatenção/Indelicadeza", "Ter outros interesses em momentos de lazer que não estar com a pessoa", "Interessar-se amorosamente por outra pessoa" e "Mostrar dúvidas". Pela análise efetuada observa-se que homens e mulheres não possuem diferenças significativas no número dos relatos por categorias. No entanto homens apresentaram maior proporção de relatos de amor em "Acarinhar" e "Presentear" e as mulheres em "Confiar" e "Ceder". Foram levantadas também as definições pessoais de amor e desamor e os indícios autoperceptivos do estar amando, encontrando-se alguma correspondência com as categorias vivenciais. Nenhuma diferença significativa foi encontrada em termos de proporção e conteúdo entre as pessoas pertencentes aos diversos cursos.

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Este estudo analisa o indivíduo que atua na linha de frente do RIO 2016, um programa social do Governo do Estado do Rio de Janeiro que opera 800 unidades de atendimento no Estado, com gestão da Secretaria de Estado de Esporte e Lazer. O indivíduo analisado nesta pesquisa é denominado Integrador de Núcleo Esportivo e é o responsável pela gestão de uma dessas unidades — Núcleo Esportivo — que atende em média 50 alunos de uma comunidade carente no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Essa pesquisa analisa o Integrador de Núcleo Esportivo sob uma perspectiva inédita, entendendo-o como um agente que atua além do seu escopo burocrático de trabalho. Para esse estudo foram consideradas teorias sobre burocracia organizacional, lançando mão da literatura de Michel Crozier ―The Bureaucratic Phenomenon‖ (1964), que analisa as relações entre pessoas, grupos e poder para entender a influência da organização burocrática no indivíduo. O termo ―sociological citizen‖,desenvolvido por Silbey (2009), também foi considerado para classificar esse indivíduo que se mostra mais aplicado que outros nos serviço de seu mandato organizacional e legal. Silbey aplica também o termo ―relational regulation‖ para denominar esta forma particular de prática da ―cidadania sociológica‖ (tradução do autor), por meio da qual os agentes ―governam a lacuna existente entre as expectativas regulatórias e o desempenho requerido‖.