Unified European Front: The Road towards a European Unitary Patent. EU Centre Singapore Working Paper No. 21, March 2014

For over forty years, European countries have held numerous conferences and signed multiple international agreements aimed at either creating a unitary patent which will be valid in all European countries upon issuance or establishing a specialized European court with jurisdiction over patents. This paper first outlines the need for a unitary patent in the European Union and then chronicles the measures taken to support and milestones toward the creation of a European-wide unitary patent system. The paper then discusses the few problems and pitfalls that have prevented European countries from coming to an agreement on such a patent system. Finally, the paper considers the closely related agreements of ‘Unitary Patent Package’, the challenges facing these agreements and examines if it would finally result in an EU Unitary patent system that benefits one and all.

Challenges to the Patent System in face of Open Hardware

Dannie Jost gave a presentation outlining some of the challenges to the patent system presented by open source hardware at the "Open Knowledge Festival", under the topic stream treating open design, hardware, manufacturing and making; September 19, 2012; Helsinki, Finland. This topic stream generated considerable discussion, and it serves to educate an audience that is usually very adverse to patents and copyright, and helps the researcher understand the issuing conflicts surrounding emerging technologies, in particular digital technologies, and the maker movement (digitally enabled).

U.S. overseas loans, and grants, and assistance from international organizations.

Latest issue consulted: 1945/90.

AID assistance to local government : experience and issues /

"PN-AAL-026"--Cover.

A comparative analysis of policies and other factors which affect the role of the private sector in economic development /

"PN-AAL-031"--Cover.

Guanchias Limitada : a case study of an agrarian reform cooperative and its long-term relationship with a multinational firm in Honduras /

"PN-AAL-046"--Cover.

Central American refugees : regional conditions and prospects and potential impact on the United States : report to the Congress of the United States /

Item 546-D (microfiche)

Education of the Mexican American in the United States : progress and stalemate /

Stamped on t.p.: ED230352.

Special education and the Hispanic child : proceedings from the second annual Colloquium on Hispanic Issues /

"August 1981."

School feeding programs in developing countries : an analysis of actual and potential impact /

"PN-AAL-060"--Cover.

Differential educational attainment among "at-risk" youth : a case study of language minority youth of Mexican descent and low socioeconomic status /

"August 1982."

Developments in Mexico and United States-Mexican relations : hearing before the Subcommittee on Western Hemisphere Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, Ninety-ninth Congress, first session, October 16, 1985.

Item 1017-A, 1017-B (microfiche).

Ventures in the informal sector, and how they worked out in Brazil /

"PN-AAL-009."

Preparing Mexican Americans for mathematics- and science-based fields : a guide for developing school and college intervention models /

"Prepared with funding from the National Institute of Education, U.S. Department of Education under contract no. NIE 400-83-0023"--T.p. verso.

Situation and outlook report.

Supt. of Docs. class no. for the yearbook is: A 93.12/3-2: