1000 resultados para Francia, José Gaspar Rodríguez de, 1766-1840


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Brown widow spider (Latrodectus geometricus) venom (BrWSV) produces few local lesions and intense systemic reactions such as cramps, harsh muscle pains, nausea, vomiting and hypertension. Approximately 16 protein bands under reducing conditions and ~ 14 bands under non-reducing conditions on a 12.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were observed. Neurotoxic clinical manifestations were confirmed in vivo, while proteolytic activity was demonstrated on gelatine film. Severe ultrastructural damages in mice skeletal muscles were observed at 3, 6, 12 and 24 h postinjection with at total of 45 µg of venom protein. Infiltration of eosinophils and ruptures of the cellular membranes were observed in the muscles along with swelling of the nuclear cover and interruption of the collagen periodicity. Altered mitochondrias and autophage vacuoles, nuclear indentation and mitochondria without cristae, slight increment of intermyofibrillar and subsarcolemic spaces and myelinic figures formation were also observed. In the capillary, endothelial membrane unfolding into the lumen was noticed; along with myelinic figures compatible with a toxic myopathy. Swollen sarcotubular systems with lysis of membrane, intense mitochondria autophagia and areas without pinocytic vesicles were observed. Swollen mitochondria surrounded by necrotic areas, myofibrillar disorganization and big vacuolas of the sarcotubular system, degenerated mitochondrium with formation of myelinic figure was seen. Glycogenosomes with small particulate, muscle type glycogen was noticed. Autophagic vacuole (autophagolysosomes) and necrotic areas were also noticed. These damages may be due to interactive effects of the multifactorial action of venom components. However, Latrodectus geometricus venom molecules may also be utilized as neuro therapeutic tools, as they affect neuronal activities with high affinity and selectivity. To our knowledge, the present study is the first ultrastructural report in the literature of muscle injuries and neurological and proteolytic activities caused by BrWSV.

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Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Doutor em Ciências Musicais

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A banda gástrica é um método eficaz na obtenção da perda de peso, mas tem uma taxa de complicações a longo prazo que pode ser considerada elevada. Entre elas, a migração intragástrica é rara (0.6-10%) consiste na erosão da banda através da parede gástrica até ao lúmen por um processo de destruição e auto-regeneração com processo infeccioso mínimo. Neste trabalho analisamos os aspetos clínicos, analíticos e terapêuticos presentes em 24 doentes operados na nossa unidade para remoção de bandas migradas. Conclui-se que esta complicação exige com frequência uma terapêutica cirúrgica que é segura devendo favorecer-se a mudança de conceito e evolução de uma cirurgia restritiva (banda) parar cirurgia de absorção limitada ou técnica mista.

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Background: Approximately 5% of the population donates blood each year in developed countries. Recruiting and maintaining a pool of altruistic and healthy blood donors is a challenging task. Blood donation as a dynamic process must naturally co-exist with the arguably essential deferrals. Aims: To analyse a 11-year cohort of donors and blood donations in order to determine the profile of the average donor and the typical donation. Characterize the donor’s population in terms of gender, age, number of donations, most common causes for deferral and exclusion and the possible relationships between them. Establish the tendency flow of donations per year. Methods: Analysis of 95861 blood donations from 31550 donors collected between 2000 and 2010 (11 years) in the Immunohemotherapy Department of the ‘‘Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central - Hospital de Sa˜o Jose´’’ (Lisboa, Portugal). Prior to blood donation, donors were required to fill out a form of informed consent, a questionnaire of 21 ‘‘yes or no’’ questions and were submitted to a clinical assessment and physical examination including: measurement of weight, blood pressure, pulse and capillary hemoglobin levels. Post-donation, the collected blood was tested for ALT elevation and blood-borne viral agents (HBV, HCV, HIV 1 and 2 and HTLV 1 and 2) and other infections (Treponema pallidum). Blood donors and donations were registered in a database and statistically studied in terms of: gender and age distribution, number of donations, most common causes for deferral and exclusion. The frequency of blood donations throughout the period of observation was analyzed and statistically significant relationships between the collected variables were investigated. Results: From the population of 31550 donors 61% were male and a mean age of 41.5 years (± 12.5 years) was found. From the total of 95682 blood donations collected 78% were successful while the most common causes for deferral were: donation incompatible hemoglobin levels (5% of the blood donations and 22% of deferrals), ALT elevation (3% and 14%), positive blood screening test for Treponema pallidum (1% and 6%), medication (1% and 4%), positive serological blood markers for HBV (1% and 4%), endoscopy in the previous 12 months (1% and 3%), arterial hypertension (1% and 3%), infectious conditions (1% and 3%), influenza or influenza-like symptoms (1% and 2%) and positive serological blood markers for HCV (1% and 2%). Summary/Conclusions: Several factors may have contributed to a limited number of new regular donors in the population, namely: ageing population, the alienation of the individual from the community induced by modern lifestyles and job precariousness. It is of the utmost importance to refine our blood donation campaigns according to the existing population of donors. The optimization of the blood donation potential of a population of donors must be achieved through the development of reliable and consistent screening methods. In order to appeal to new donors it is important to promote blood donations considering the profile of the regular and healthy blood donor of the existing population.

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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia do Ambiente

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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Tecnologia e Segurança Alimentar

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Os Autores descrevem a experiência, em oclusão intestinal, da Unidade de Urgência Cirúrgica dos Hospitais Civis de Lisboa (UUC-HCL), no período de 10 anos, decorrido entre Novembro de 1981 e Novembro de 1991, estimando que esta entidade patológica tenha constituído cerca de 15% da casuística de cirurgia geral daquele Serviço. Os dados referentes aos 3679 doentes, operados de urgência por oclusão intestinal, foram reunidos num ficheiro informatizado e a sua análise global é descrita recorrendo à representação gráfica dos elementos mais relevantes. Foi semelhante a distribuição por sexos : feminino (49%) e masculino (5 1%). A forma mecânica de oclusão (94%)teve como patologias mais frequentes: a hérnia estrangulada (1604 casos), a brida (568 casos) e o cancro (713 casos); e a forma dinâmica ou funcional (6%) teve, como principal ocorrência, a isquémia intestinal (143 casos). A terapêutica cirúrgica foi avaliada de forma geral. No entanto, comenta-se, brevemente, a evolução registada no tratamento primário do cancro colorrectal em oclusão (625 casos). A taxa de mortalidade global foi de 10,8% (adulto). Em termos relativos, teve como principais expressões: (39%) na isquémia intestinal, (23%) no cancro e (22%) no volvo intestinal.

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O autor estuda os dados obtidos pela infecção de moluscos de Campinas e de Belo Horizonte por miracídios de S. mansoni. Chega à conclusão de que a população de Belo Horizonte mostrou-se mais susceptível à infecção pelo helminto do que a população de moluscos Campinas.

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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Ensino de Matemática no 3º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Secundário

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Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em História da Arte: Variante Contemporânea

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Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Estudos Portugueses