Lorentz-violating effects in three-dimensional QED

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Synergistic Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Antimicrobial Peptides Human Beta-Defensin-3 (hBD-3) and Cathelicidin (LL-37) in a Three-Dimensional Co-Culture Model of Gingival Epithelial Cells and Fibroblasts

Given the spread of antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens, antimicrobial peptides that can also modulate the immune response may be a novel approach for effectively controlling periodontal infections. In the present study, we used a three-dimensional (3D) co-culture model of gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts stimulated with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of human beta-defensin-3 (hBD-3) and cathelicidin (LL-37) and to determine whether these antimicrobial peptides can act in synergy. The 3D co-culture model composed of gingival fibroblasts embedded in a collagen matrix overlaid with gingival epithelial cells had a synergistic effect with respect to the secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 in response to LPS stimulation compared to fibroblasts and epithelial cells alone. The 3D co-culture model was stimulated with non-cytotoxic concentrations of hBD-3 (10 and 20 mu M) and LL-37 (0.1 and 0.2 mu M) individually and in combination in the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans LPS. A multiplex ELISA assay was used to quantify the secretion of 41 different cytokines. hBD-3 and LL-37 acted in synergy to reduce the secretion of GRO-alpha, G-CSF, IP-10, IL-6, and MCP-1, but only had an additive effect on reducing the secretion of IL-8 in response to A. actinomycetemcomitans LPS stimulation. The present study showed that hBD-3 acted in synergy with LL-37 to reduce the secretion of cytokines by an LPS-stimulated 3D model of gingival mucosa. This combination of antimicrobial peptides thus shows promising potential as an adjunctive therapy for treating inflammatory periodontitis.

Análise da estabilidade dimensional e resistência mecânica em bambu Guadua angustifolia pós-processos de tratamentos químicos e térmico

Nowadays, bamboo is being studied because of their strength properties according with their specific mass and speed of growth, which makes it an important alternative as a new resource that will help reduce pressure on forests and helpping them favoring the minimization of uncontrolled deforestation in many regions of Brazil. This study aimed, in general, to analyze physical and mechanical properties of the material with the divulgation of its potential for industrial application. To do so, in this research were determined in relation to the physical properties, moisture content, dimensional stability and the apparent densities and the mechanics and basic, just a tension parallel to grain, in order to observe the interference of various kinds of treatments (chemical, thermal and natural) on the strength and modulus of elasticity in this request. The species used was the Guadua angustifolia, a species native of Brazil. All tests were performed at Universidade Estadual Paulista - Campus Experimental Itapeva in the laboratory of Materials Properties. The methodology used for testing of moisture, density and tension parallel to grain were based on NBR 7190/1997 for the wood, and dimensional stability tests were based on much the same as in COPANT 462/1972 (South American) . The preservative treatments conducted followed the recommendation of each manufacturer. The values obtained in tests of physical properties were satisfactory especially with respect to density and dimensional stability analyzed by the coefficient of anisotropy, showed that, compared to wood, excellent quality for the shrinkage test, obtaining a coefficient of 1.2. With respect to parallel tensile tests to fibre results showed, in most cases, that test specimens with the presence of us have lower values of resistance and modulus of elasticity when compared with those without us. In the treatment of thermal-treatment there was an apparent treatment there was an apparent increase in...

Analysis of Lattice Size, Energy Density and Denaturation for a One-Dimensional DNA Model

There are several mechanical models to describe the DNA phenomenology. In this work the DNA denaturation is stu- died under thermodynamical and dynamical point of view using the well known Peyrard-Bishop model. The thermody-namics analysis using the transfer integral operator method is briefly reviewed. In particular, the lattice size is discussed and a conjecture about the minimum energy to denaturation is proposed. In terms of the dynamical aspects of the model, the equations of motion for the system are integrated and the results determine the energy density where the denatura- tion occurs. The behavior of the lattice near the phase transition is analyzed. The relation between the thermodynamical and dynamical results is discussed.

Teorias de Spin-1: decomposição em helicidades, redução dimensional e imersão de calibre

We have studied the physical content of the following models: Maxwell, Proca, Self-Dual and Maxwell-Chern-Simons. One method we have used is the decomposition in the so called helicity variables, which can be done in the Lagrangian formalism. It leads to the correct counting of degrees of freedom without choosing a gauge condition. The method separates the propagating modes from the non-propagating ones. The Hamiltonian of the MCS and the AD is calculated. The second method used here is the analysis of the sign of the imaginary part of the residues of the two-point amplitude of the theory, showing that the models analyzed are free of ghosts. We also carry the dimensional reduction of the Maxwell-Chern-Simons and Self-Dual models from D = 2+1 to D = 1 + 1 dimensions. Next, we show that the dimensional reduction of those equivalent models also leads to equivalent models in D=1+1. Even more interesting is the fact, demonstrated here, that those reduced models can also be connected via gauge embedding. So the gauge embedding of the Self-Dual model into the Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory is preserved by the dimensional reduction

N-Methyl-2-(1-methyl-3-phenyl­prop-2-en-1-yl­idene)hydrazinecarbo­thio­amide

In the title compound, C12H15N3S, the mol­ecule deviates slightly from planarity, with a maximum deviation from the mean plane of the non-H atoms of 0.2756 (6) Å for the S atom and a torsion angle for the N-N-C-N fragment of -7.04 (16)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by N-H...S hydrogen-bond inter­actions, forming centrosymmetric dimers. Additionally, one weak intra­molecular N-H...N hydrogen-bond inter­action is observed. The crystal packing shows a herringbone arrangement viewed along the c axis.

Bone stress and strain after use of a miniplate for molar protraction and uprighting: a 3-dimensional finite element analysis

The aim of this study was to use the finite element method to evaluate the distribution of stresses and strains on the local bone tissue adjacent to the miniplate used for anchorage of orthodontic forces. Methods: A 3-dimensional model composed of a hemimandible and teeth was constructed using dental computed tomographic images, in which we assembled a miniplate with fixation screws. The uprighting and mesial movements of the mandibular second molar that was anchored with the miniplate were simulated. The miniplate was loaded with horizontal forces of 2, 5, and 15 N. A moment of 11.77 N.mm was also applied. The stress and strain distributions were analyzed, and their correlations with the bone remodeling criteria and miniplate stability were assessed. Results: When orthodontic loads were applied, peak bone strain remained within the range of bone homeostasis (100-1500 mu m strain) with a balance between bone formation and resorption. The maximum deformation was found to be 1035 mu m strain with a force of 5 N. At a force of 15 N, bone resorption was observed in the region of the screws. Conclusions: We observed more stress concentration around the screws than in the cancellous bone. The levels of stress and strain increased when the force was increased but remained within physiologic levels. The anchorage system of miniplate and screws could withstand the orthodontic forces, which did not affect the stability of the miniplate.

Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate and cranberry proanthocyanidins act in synergy with cathelicidin (LL-37) to reduce the LPS-induced inflammatory response in a three-dimensional co-culture model of gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts

Objectives: The human antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin (LL-37) possesses anti-inflammatory properties that may contribute to attenuating the inflammatory process associated with chronic periodontitis. Plant polyphenols, including those from cranberry and green tea, have been reported to reduce inflammatory cytokine secretion by host cells. In the present study, we hypothesized that A-type cranberry proanthocyanidins (AC-PACs) and green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) act in synergy with LL-37 to reduce the secretion of inflammatory mediators by oral mucosal cells. Methods: A three-dimensional (3D) co-culture model of gingival epithelial cells and fibroblasts treated with non-cytotoxic concentrations of AC-PACs (25 and 50 mg/ml), EGCG (1 and 5 mg/ml), and LL-37 (0.1 and 0.2 mM) individually and in combination (AC-PACs + LL-37 and EGCG + LL-37) were stimulated with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Multiplex ELISA assays were used to quantify the secretion of 54 host factors, including chemokines, cytokines, growth factors, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Results: LL-37, AC-PACs, and EGCG, individually or in combination, had no effect on the regulation of MMP and TIMP secretion but inhibited the secretion of several cytokines. ACPACs and LL-37 acted in synergy to reduce the secretion of CXC-chemokine ligand 1 (GRO-a), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and had an additive effect on reducing the secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8), interferon-g inducible protein 10 (IP-10), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in response to LPS stimulation. EGCG and LL-37 acted in synergy to reduce the secretion of GRO-a, G-CSF, IL-6, IL-8, and IP-10, and had an additive effect on MCP-1 secretion. Conclusion: The combination of LL-37 and natural polyphenols from cranberry and green tea acted in synergy to reduce the secretion of several cytokines by an LPS-stimulated 3D coculture model of oral mucosal cells. Such combinations show promising results as potential adjunctive therapies for treating inflammatory periodontitis.

Periapical Repair Following Endodontic Surgery: Two- andThree-Dimensional Imaging Evaluation Methods

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Influência de técnicas de moldagem e de dois vazamentos na precisão dimensional de modelos de gesso e adaptação marginal de infraestruturas CAD/CAM em Y-TZP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Spontaneous symmetry breaking in a spin-orbit-coupled f=2 spinor condensate

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Vector solitons in a spin-orbit-coupled spin-2 Bose-Einstein condensate

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Coupling remote sensing bio-optical and three-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling to study the phytoplankton dynamics in a tropical hydroelectric reservoir

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Dimensional changes in soft tissues around dental implants following free gingival grafting: an experimental study in dogs

ObjectiveTo study the buccal dimensional tissue changes at oral implants following free gingival grafting, with or without including the keratin layer, performed at the time of implant installation into alveolar mucosa.Material and methodsThe mandibular premolars and first molars were extracted bilaterally in six Beagle dogs. In the right side of the mandible (Test), flaps were first elevated, and the buccal as well as part of the lingual masticatory mucosa was removed. An incision of the periosteum at the buccal aspect was performed to allow the flap to be coronally repositioned. Primary wound closure was obtained. In the left side, the masticatory (keratinized) mucosa was left in situ, and no sutures were applied (Control). After 3months of healing, absence of keratinized mucosa was confirmed at the test sites. Two recipient sites were prepared at each side of the mandible in the region of the third and fourth premolars. All implants were installed with the shoulder placed flush with the buccal alveolar bony crest, and abutments were connected to allow a non-submerged healing. Two free gingival mucosal grafts were harvested from the buccal region of the maxillary canines. One graft was left intact (gingival mucosal graft), while for the second, the epithelial layer was removed (gingival connective tissue graft). Subsequently, the grafts were fixed around the test implants in position of the third and fourth premolars, respectively. After 3months, the animals were euthanized and ground sections obtained.ResultsSimilar bony crest resorption and coronal extension of osseointegration were found at test and control sites. Moreover, similar dimensions of the peri-implant soft tissues were obtained at test and control sites.ConclusionsThe increase in the alveolar mucosal thickness by means of a gingival graft affected the peri-implant marginal bone resorption and soft tissue recession around implants. This resulted in outcomes that were similar to those at implants surrounded by masticatory mucosa, indicating that gingival grafting in the absence of keratinized mucosa around implants may reduce the resorption of the marginal crest and soft tissue recession.

Two-dimensional nonlinear map characterized by tunable Levy flights

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)