Guiding of 150 keV O6+ ions through nanocapillaries in an uncoated Al2O3 membrane: special time dependence of the transmission profile width

This paper reports that the transmission of O6+ ions with energy of 150keV through capillaries in an uncoated Al2O3 membrane was measured, and agreements with previously reported results in general angular distribution of the transmitted ions and the transmission fractions as a function of the tilt angle well fitted to Gaussian-like functions were observed. Due to using an uncoated capillary membrane, our c is larger than that using a gold-coated one with a smaller value of E-p/q, which suggests a larger equilibrium charge Q(infinity) in our experiment. The observed special width variation with time and a larger width than that using a smaller E-p/q were qualitatively explained by using mean-field classical transport theory based on a classical-trajectory Monte Carlo simulation.

Transfer ionization of helium in collisions with Cq+ and Oq+ (q=1-3)

Cross-section ratios sigma(TI)/sigma(SC) of transfer ionization (TI) to single capture (SC) of Cq+- and Oq+-He (q = 1 - 3) collisions in the energy range of 15-440 keV/u (0.8-4.2 v(Bohr)) are experimentally determined. It is shown that sigma(TI)/sigma(SC) strongly depends on the projectile velocity, and there is a maximum for E(keV/u)/q(1/2) approximate to 150. Combining the Bohr-Lindhard model and the statistical model, a theoretical estimate is presented, in reasonable agreement with the experimental data when E(keV/u)/q(1/2) > 35.

Multi-electron processes in 4.15-11.08 keV/u(13)C(6+) on argon collisions

The relative partial cross sections for C-13(6+)-Ar collisions at 4.15-11.08 keV/u incident energy are measured. The cross-section ratios sigma(2E)/sigma(SC), sigma(3E)/sigma(SC), sigma(4E)/sigma(SC) and sigma(5E)/sigma(SC) are approximately the constants of 0.51 +/- 0.05, 0.20 +/- 0.03, 0.06 +/- 0.03 and 0.02 +/- 0.01 in this region. The significance of the multi-electron process in highly charged ions (HCIs) with argon collisions is demonstrated (sigma(ME)/sigma(SC) as high as 0.79 +/- 0.06). In multi-electron processes, it is shown that transfer ionization is dominant while pure electron capture is weak and negligible. For all reaction channels, the cross-sections are independent of the incident energy in the present energy region, which is in agreement with the static characteristic of classic models, i.e. the molecular Coulomb over-the-barrier model (MCBM), the extended classical over-the-barrier (ECBM) and the semiempirical scaling laws (SL). The result is compared with these classical models and with our previous work of C-13(6+)-Ne collisions

Multi-electron processes in C-13(6+) ions with neon collisions in energy region 4.15-11.08 keV/u

The cross-section ratios of double-, triple-, quadruple-, and the total multi-electron processes to the single electron capture process sigma(DE)/sigma(SC), sigma(TE)/sigma(SC), sigma(QE)/sigma(SC) and sigma(ME)/sigma(SC)) as well as the relative ratios among reaction channels in double-electron active, triple-electron active and quadruple- electron active are measured in C-13(6+) -Ne collision in the energy region of 4.15-11.08 keV/u by employing position-sensitive and time-of-flight coincident techniques. It is determined that the cross-section ratios sigma(DE)/sigma(SC), sigma(TE)/sigma(SC), sigma(QE)/sigma(SC) and sigma(ME)/sigma(SC) are approximately the constants of 0.20 +/- 0.03, 0.16 +/- 0.04, 0.06 +/- 0.02 and 0.42 +/- 0.05. These values are obviously smaller than the predictions of the molecular Coulomb over-the-barrier model (MCBM) [J. Phys. B 23 (1990) 4293], the extended classical over-the-barrier model (ECBM) [J. Phys. B 19 (1986) 2925] and the semiempirical scaling laws (SL) [Phys. Rev. A 54 (1996) 4127]. However, the relative ratios among partial processes of DE, TE and QE are found to depend on collision energy, which suggests that the collision dynamics depends on the collision velocity. The limitation of velocity-independent character of ECBM, MCBM and SL is undoubtedly shown.

三体核力影响下的核物质状态方程及中子星物质中的中子质子超流性

本论文介绍了极端条件下核物质研究的现状以及目前常用的几种核多体方法，系统描述了冷、热非对称核物质的状态方程和刀稳定中子星物质中的15。态中子和质子超流性，特别是微观三体核力对此所产生的影响。通过引入微观三体核力，扩展了有限温度的BI．tleclcller-Hal'tree-Fock（FTBHF）理论。利用这一扩展的理沦，详细研究了同位旋非对称热核物质的状态方程、液气相变临界现象以及三体核力对此所产生的影响。在不同的中质比条件下，重点讨论了热核物质液气相变的临界温度和动力学不稳定区域的温度、同位旋相关性。由此表明，三体核力的引入在一定程度上降低了液气相变的临界温度值，在固定的温度和密度下，非对称核物质的压弧随同位旋非对称度的增加而单调的增力日，而且随着核物质温度的升高和非对称度的增加，动力学不稳定区域逐渐缩小。通过与其它理论模型（特别是Di1'ac-BHF方法）所预言的结果相比较，就目前扩展的包含三体核力修正的FTBHF理论与Dilac-BHF方法所计算的临界温度的差异问题，文中给出一种可能的解释。通过计算热核物质的单粒子结合能，给出了有限温度条件下对称能的计算方式，并且细致研究了不同温度、密度下的对称能以及三体核力在高密度区域对对称能的影响。结果表明，微观三体核力强烈影响着高密度区域的对称能，使其对温度的变化更加明显。此外，其它重要物理量（例如中子和质子的单粒子势能、有效质量等）的同位旋依赖性和温度、密度相关性在文中也被详细的讨论。利用质量算子的空穴线展井，表明了在基态关联所导致的对单核子势的重排修正项影响下的HLlgenholtz-VanHove(HVH)定理的恢复程度，并且进一步计算了中子和质子化学势。并且以包含兰体核力的FTBI-方法为基础，研究了热核物质中重排项的密度和温度依赖性并讨论了三体核力对重排项的影响。通过计算不同温度和密度下的核物质中单核子势和核子有效质量，特别是研究和讨论了基态关联效应和三体核力贡献对热核物质中单核子势的影响，表明了基态关联和三体核力对单核子势修正的重要性。利用BHF和BCS的理论方法，计算了β稳定中子星物质中处于150态的中子和质子的对关联能隙，着重研究和讨论了三体核力的影响。结果表明，三体核力对刀稳定物质中｛s0态中子超流性的影响相对较小，但是对，S0态质子超流性具有重要影响，其效应随核子数密度的增大而迅速增强。三体核力的主要作用是强烈地抑制了高密度区刀稳定中子星物质中的150态质子超流性，而且三体核力对中子星物质中，So态超流相的抑制效应主要是通过质子或中子的有效对相互作用而起作用的。

25MeV/u~(40)Ar~(15+)+~(209)Bi反应的裂变研究

本文首先回顾了重离子物理学的发展简史，并介绍了当前的一些关于重离子反应的理论方法，同时对于现在核物理的研究热点，热核的特性进行了概括性的叙述．由于裂变是作者工作的重点，因此在文章中，对裂变反应的理论也进行了介绍．为了能够清楚全面的说明我们的工作，本文对于实验装置和探测器也给出了详细的描述．最后，文章对25 MeVu Ar+Bi反应中的裂变进行了讨论．在这些讨论中，我们分析了反应中与裂变相关的数据，得到了碎片的质量，动能分布。同时运用与碎片相关联的4He粒子能谱提取了核温度和裂前裂后的4He粒子多重性，并利用这一数据计算了不同初始激发能下的裂点激发能和裂变时标.

2—酮基—L—古龙酸高产融合子15的形态学及生理生化特征的研究

由地衣芽孢杆菌（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓｌｉｃｈｅｎｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ）Ｈ１９和２—酮基—Ｌ—古龙酸产生菌Ｓ１９的原生质体融合，得到了既能独立生长传代，又能产生２—酮基—Ｌ—古龙酸的１５号融合子。其菌落和菌体形态类似于Ｈ１９亲本，其生理生化特性也大多酷似Ｈ１９亲本而不同于Ｓ１９亲本。但其产生２—酮基—Ｌ—古龙酸的特性、乙醇氧化反应、石蕊牛奶产酸以及精氨酸双水解酶阴性等特点又酷似Ｓ１９亲本而不同于Ｈ１９亲本。其氧化酶反应、初始生长ｐＨ范围、苯丙氨酸和色氨酸脱氨酶反应则不同于双亲本。其菌体的氨基酸组份及含量也与双亲有一定差异。

Vc二步发酵新组合菌系B_(15-14)的筛选及其条件优化

筛选出了一组Vc二步发酵的新组合菌系(命名为B15-14),研究了环境因子对新菌系产酸的影响。结果显示:新组合菌系的最适底糖浓度为7%;温度为29~33℃,31℃为最适;适当增加通气量(20~30 mL装液量,250 mL三角瓶)有利于产酸;起始pH值范围为6.0~7.5;以B t菌做伴生菌时,发酵40 h就已达到终点,明显缩短了发酵时间。

Thermodynamic studies of monuron

Monuron (C9H11ClN2O; N,N-dimethyl-N'-(4-chlorophenyl) urea, CAS 150-68-5) was synthesized and the heat capacities of the compound were measured in the temperature range from 79 to 385 K with a high precision automated adiabatic calorimeter. No phase transition or thermal anomaly was observed in this range. The enthalpy and entropy data of the compound relative to the reference temperature 298.15 K were derived based on the heat capacity data. The thermodynamic properties of the compound were further investigated through DSC and TG analysis. The melting point, the molar enthalpy, and entropy of fusion were determined to be 447.6 +/- 0.1 K, 29.3 +/- 0.2 kJ mol(-1), and 65.4 J K-1 mol(-1), respectively. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

北方农牧交错带耕地面积变化驱动力研究——以沽源县近15年为例

土地利用/土地覆被变化研究中,驱动力的研究是一个重要方面。从地理学的角度入手,将耕地面积变化的驱动因子归为降水量、经济、人口、技术、政策等方面,得到定量度量各驱动因子影响的多元线性模型,并用路径分析方法探讨驱动因子与耕地面积变化以及各驱动因子之间的关系。结论主要是:税费负担的加重会迫使农民开垦更多的耕地,取消农业税有利于生态建设;人口压力使得耕地面积扩大,不利于退耕还林草,因此要注意控制当地的人口数量;提高种植业人均纯收入水平,有利于控制开垦面积;在各驱动因子中,技术因素和经济因素对耕地面积变化最具影响。

不同利用方式下潮棕壤交换性钙镁的剖面分布

在水稻田、玉米地、撂荒地和人工林地4种土地利用方式下,对潮棕壤0~150 cm土层中土壤交换性钙(Ca)和交换性镁(Mg)的剖面分布及Ca/Mg的变化进行了比较研究.结果表明:不同利用方式下土壤交换性Ca含量及储量差异不明显;林地各土层的土壤交换性Mg含量均显著高于水稻田(P<0.05);交换性Mg储量大小依次为林地、玉米地、撂荒地和水稻田(P<0.05).不同利用方式交换性Ca/Mg随土层深度的增加而降低,40 cm以下土层水稻田Ca/Mg显著高于其他3种利用方式(P<0.05).土壤生态系统中Mg的优先固持、土壤管理以及植物自身的特性如生物量的循环速率、生物量在地上部分和地下部分的分配、根系的分布等,对土壤剖面中交换性Ca和交换性Mg的构成以及土壤交换性Ca库和Mg库的重建等起到重要作用.

柴油降解菌的筛选及其降解特性

以市售0#柴油为惟一碳源对菌种进行筛选,得到2株高效降解柴油菌种Y1和Y2.经形态及生理生化特征分析,初步鉴定Y1为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus),Y2为黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium).并对其生长曲线进行测定,为菌种的固定化提供了一定依据,以进一步对两株菌降解特性进行研究.结果表明:初始油质量浓度为150 mg/L、菌种Y1和Y2接种量为10%的条件下,经过48 h批培养实验,Y1和Y2的除油率分别为79.25%和77.23%,并随初始油质量浓度的增加而降低;同时观察到pH值显著影响两株菌的生理性质.