Study of zinc protein ligands in a halophilic enzyme

Glucose dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.47) from the halophilic Archaeon Haloferax mediterranei belongs to the medium-chain alcohol dehydrogenase superfamily and requires a zinc ion for catalysis. The zinc ion is coordinated by a histidine, a water molecule and two other ligands from the protein or the substrate, which vary during the catalytic cycle of the enzyme. In many enzymes of this superfamily one of the zinc ligands is commonly cysteine, which is replaced by an aspartate residue at position 38 in the halophilic enzyme. This change has been only observed in glucose dehydrogenases from extremely halophilic microorganisms belonging to the Archaea Domain. This paper describes biochemical studies and structural comparisons to analyze the role of sequence differences between thermophilic and halophilic glucose dehydrogenases which contain a zinc ion within the protein surrounded by three ligands. Whilst the catalytic activity of the D38C GlcDH mutant is reduced, its thermal stability is enhanced, consistent with the greater structural similarity between this mutant and the homologous thermophilic enzyme from Thermoplasma acidophilum.

Morphological classification of microtidal sand and gravel beaches

A new classification of microtidal sand and gravel beaches with very different morphologies is presented below. In 557 studied transects, 14 variables were used. Among the variables to be emphasized is the depth of the Posidonia oceanica. The classification was performed for 9 types of beaches: Type 1: Sand and gravel beaches, Type 2: Sand and gravel separated beaches, Type 3: Gravel and sand beaches, Type 4: Gravel and sand separated beaches, Type 5: Pure gravel beaches, Type 6: Open sand beaches, Type 7: Supported sand beaches, Type 8: Bisupported sand beaches and Type 9: Enclosed beaches. For the classification, several tools were used: discriminant analysis, neural networks and Support Vector Machines (SVM), the results were then compared. As there is no theory for deciding which is the most convenient neural network architecture to deal with a particular data set, an experimental study was performed with different numbers of neuron in the hidden layer. Finally, an architecture with 30 neurons was chosen. Different kernels were employed for SVM (Linear, Polynomial, Radial basis function and Sigmoid). The results obtained for the discriminant analysis were not as good as those obtained for the other two methods (ANN and SVM) which showed similar success.

Göttingen, Germany, ca. 1740 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Goettinga, urbs munitissima et splendida electoratus Brunsvico-Luneburgici Academia Georgia Augusta inclyta, accurate aere repraesentata à Matth. Seuttero, Geogr. Caesar, Aug. Vind. It was published by M. Seutter, ca. 1740. Scale [ca. 1:3,500]. Covers Göttingen, Germany. Map in German and Latin.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Deutsches Hauptdreiecksnetz (DHDN) 3-degree Gauss-Kruger Zone 3 coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, fortifications, ground cover, and more. Includes indexes, illustrations, and view.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Hannover, Germany, ca. 1740 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Accurata et novissima repraesentatio ichnographica Hannoverae, sedis urbis et electoralis Brunsuico-Luneburgensis = Hannover, die Churfürst. Braunschweig-Lüneburg. Haupt- und Residentz-Stadt an der Leine gelegen, Aeri incidit et excudit Matthaeus Seutter, S. C. M. Geograph. It was published by M. Seutter ca. 1740. Scale [ca. 1:3,780]. Covers Hannover, Germany. Map in Latin and German.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Deutsches Hauptdreiecksnetz (DHDN) 3-degree Gauss-Kruger Zone 3 coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, fortifications, ground cover, and more. Includes indexes, illustrations, and text.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Kiel, Germany, ca. 1736 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Die Herzogl. Holstein-Gottorp. Residenz- See- und Handelstadt Kiel sambt dessen Hafen in einem accuraten Plan u. Prospect entworfen = Sereniss. Ducis Holsato-Gottorpiensis Sedes et celebre Emporium Kilonium una cum ejus Portu ichno- et scenographice accurate delineatum, delineante G. C. Holmer. It was published by Officina Homanniana ca. 1736. Scale [ca. 1:4,000]. Covers Kiel, Germany. Map in German and Latin.Note: Two maps appear on this sheet. The larger scale map of Kiel is the portion of the image that has been georeferenced.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Deutsches Hauptdreiecksnetz (DHDN) 3-degree Gauss-Kruger Zone 3 coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, fortifications, ground cover, and more. Includes also indexes and 2 views of Kiel.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Ulm, Germany, ca. 1740 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Ulma memorabilis ac permunita libera Imperii Civitas ad Danubium, ubi Ilara et Blavus ei miscentur = Ulm eine considerable Freye Reichs Statt in Schwaben, wo die Flüsse Iler u. Blau in die Donau fallen, verfertigt durch Matthaeum Seutter, Seiner Kayserl. u. Königl. Cathol. Majest. Geogr. in Augspurg. It was published by Matthaeus Seutter, ca. 1740. Scale [ca. 1:4,300]. Covers Ulm, Germany. Map in Latin and German. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Deutsches Hauptdreiecksnetz (DHDN) 3-degree Gauss-Kruger Zone 3 coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, fortifications, ground cover, and more. Relief shown pictorially. Includes also index, text, and panorama of Ulm seen from the North East.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Industries, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 1911 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: Hafen-und Industrie-Anglagen im Osten der Stadt Frankfurt a. M., Tiefbau-Amt. Direktion des städt Hafen-Brücken-u. Kanalbaues. It was published by Rathaus Südabau in 1911. Scale 1:20,000. Covers Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Map in German.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Deutsches Hauptdreiecksnetz (DHDN) 3-degree Gauss-Kruger Zone 3 coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads and stations, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, industry locations, ground cover, parks, and more. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Hamburg Region, Germany, 1878 (Image 1 of 4) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: [Topographische Karte 1:25 000] : Hamburg (1029). It was published by Konig[liche] Preuss[ische] Landes-Aufnahme in 1878. Scale 1:25,000. This layer is image 1 of 4 total images of the four sheet source map, representing the southwest portion of the map. Covers the Hamburg region, Germany. Map in German.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Deutsches Hauptdreiecksnetz (DHDN) 3-degree Gauss-Kruger Zone 3 coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads and stations, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, ground cover, gardens, docks, wharves, and more. Relief shown by contours and spot heights. Depths shown by soundings.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Hamburg Region, Germany, 1878 (Image 2 of 4) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: [Topographische Karte 1:25 000] : Bergstedt (934). It was published by Konig[liche] Preuss[ische] Landes-Aufnahme in 1878. Scale 1:25,000. This layer is image 2 of 4 total images of the four sheet source map, representing the northeast portion of the map. Covers the Hamburg region, Germany. Map in German.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Deutsches Hauptdreiecksnetz (DHDN) 3-degree Gauss-Kruger Zone 3 coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads and stations, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, ground cover, gardens, docks, wharves, and more. Relief shown by contours and spot heights. Depths shown by soundings.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Hamburg Region, Germany, 1878 (Image 4 of 4) (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the historic paper map entitled: [Topographische Karte 1:25 000] : Wandsbek (1030). It was published by Konig[liche] Preuss[ische] Landes-Aufnahme in 1878. Scale 1:25,000. This layer is image 4 of 4 total images of the four sheet source map, representing the southeast portion of the map. Covers the Hamburg region, Germany. Map in German.The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Deutsches Hauptdreiecksnetz (DHDN) 3-degree Gauss-Kruger Zone 3 coordinate system. All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. This map shows features such as roads, railroads and stations, drainage, built-up areas and selected buildings, ground cover, gardens, docks, wharves, and more. Relief shown by contours and spot heights. Depths shown by soundings.This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from the Harvard Map Collection. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features. The selection represents a range of originators, ground condition dates, scales, and map purposes.

Chromatographic fractionation of bitumen from sediments and presence of glycerol ethers in immature sediments (Table 2)

Alkanes having unusual saturated isoprenoidal and methyl-branched structures have been isolated from the bitumen of several sediments. The methanogenic biomarkers 2,6,10,15,19-pentamethyleicosane and squalane were found in sediments which also contained bacteriogenic glycerol ethers. However, in one ether-containing sediment, 2,6,10,13,17,21-hexamethyldocosane was tentatively identified and this compound was found in place of the established alkane biomarkers. Other hydrocarbons found were regular C21 and C23 isoprenoid alkanes, compounds which cannot be derived from phytol; two isoprenoids of the type 3,7,11.-polymethylalkane, previously reported only in petroleums; 8-methylheptadecane, a probable biomarker for cyanobacteria and a number of its homologs and other methyl-branched alkanes. Ubiquitous branched-chain alkylbenzenes and a homology of trimethylalkylbenzenes were also isolated. Most, or all, of the compounds reported here are probably not catagenetic products but may represent direct algal or bacterial bioinputs.

(Table 1) Magnetozone boundaries, age and sedimentation rate at DSDP Hole 93-605

Natural Remanent Magnetization (NRM) was measured for regularly spaced samples from the 620-m-thick, lower middle Eocene to upper Maestrichtian section of DSDP Site 605. The total NRM of the Eocene chalks was too low (5-50 µA/m) to establish a reliable magnetic polarity stratigraphy. However, the results from the somewhat more clayrich Paleocene-upper Maestrichtian section are useful. A fourfold quality classification of the results of progressive demagnetization studies aided in determining the polarity of the original remanence. Two types (1 and 2a) showed a Characteristic Remanent Magnetization (ChRM) direction with reversed and normal polarity, respectively; the third type (2b) can be interpreted as having a reversed ChRM, which could not be cleaned, whereas the fourth type (3) is considered to be unreliable. The Site 605 magnetic polarity stratigraphy compares well with published sections, adding important detail to the correlation with planktonic microfossil zones and, hence, to the resolution of this portion of the time scale (C24-C32 on the Berggren et al., 1985, scale). The Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary occurs in a reversed polarity zone that has been correlated with Subchron C29r. We suspect the presence of an unconformity at the boundary between lithostratigraphic Units Va and IV a location which is also the level of Reflection Horizon A*.

Evidence of cardiac injury and arrhythmias in dogs with acute kidney injury

OBJECTIVES Cardiac involvement in the course of acute kidney injury is described in humans as cardiorenal syndrome type 3 but has received only limited attention in dogs. This study was designed to evaluate cardiac injury and dysfunction in acute kidney injury in dogs and its association with outcome. METHODS This prospective cohort study enrolled 24 client-owned dogs with acute kidney injury. Cardiac disorders were evaluated with thoracic radiographs, echocardiography, 24-hour Holter monitoring and cardiac troponin I concentrations within 2 days of admission and 7 to 10 days later. RESULTS Most dogs were diagnosed with leptospirosis (n=18, 75%) and presented with moderate-to-severe acute kidney injury, International Renal Interest Society grades III to V. Dogs with ê100 ventricular premature complexes per 24 hour in the first examination (n=8) had significantly higher initial cTnI concentrations (P=0·007) compared to dogs with fewer than 100. In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the number of ventricular premature complexes was predictive of outcome (AUC 0·83, P<0·001). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Acute kidney injury seems to be associated with cardiac injury and arrhythmias in dogs. The data do not indicate a cardiac cause of poor outcome in dogs with increased number of ventricular premature complexes but the association may reflect the severity of disease.

Die Polizei-Wissenschaft nach den Grundsätzen des Rechtsstaates /

Contiene: 1. Bd. (1832. XIV, 80, 403-579 p.) -- 2. Bd. (1833. VIII, 530 p.) -- 3. Bd: System der Präventiv-Justiz oder Rechts-Polizei (1834. VIII, 586 p.)