1996 Annual Report of the Iowa Board of Medical Examiners, January 31, 1997

The Iowa State Board of Medical Examiners submits the following annual report pursuant to the provisions of section 258A.4(2)of the Code of Iowa. The report relates to Board activities during the calendar year.

1999 Annual Report of the Iowa Board of Medical Examiners, January 21, 2000

The Iowa State Board of Medical Examiners submits the following annual report pursuant to the provisions of section 258A.4(2)of the Code of Iowa. The report relates to Board activities during the calendar year.

2009 Annual Report of the Iowa Board of Medicine, April 1, 2010

The Iowa State Board of Medical Examiners submits the following annual report pursuant to the provisions of section 258A.4(2)of the Code of Iowa. The report relates to Board activities during the calendar year.

Revisión sistemática de la literatura de las intervenciones diseñadas para el comportamiento de automedicación no responsable

La automedicación no responsable se ha convertido en un problema de salud pública global en las últimas décadas, por sus consecuencias individuales (por ejemplo, la intoxicación) y colectivas (por ejemplo, la resistencia microbiana a los antibióticos). Las intervenciones orientadas a este comportamiento han sido aisladas y muy diferentes. Aunque se tiene evidencia de que su aplicación puede traer beneficios en diferentes poblaciones, no se halló en la literatura una compilación sistemática de dichas intervenciones. El objetivo de la presente revisión es sistematizar la literatura científica sobre las diferentes alternativas de intervención del comportamiento individual de automedicación no responsable. En cuanto al método, la revisión de literatura involucró la búsqueda sistemática de “automedicación” e “intervención” en las bases de datos académicas internacionales con contenidos de psicología, suscritas por la Biblioteca de la Universidad del Rosario. Como resultado se encontró que las intervenciones orientadas al comportamiento de automedicación no responsable se pueden clasificar en dos grandes grupos: (a) intervenciones regulatorias, con dirección “arriba hacia abajo”, que suponen una acción de los Estados nacionales por medio de sus legislaciones o de entidades internacionales (por ejemplo, Organización Mundial de la Salud); y (b) intervenciones educativas, con dirección “abajo hacia arriba”, que suponen acciones con individuos y comunidades con el fin de enseñar acerca del uso adecuado de los medicamentos. Se concluye acerca de la necesidad de complementar ambos tipos de intervención, los cuales, si bien demuestran resultados positivos, aisladamente son insuficientes para contrarrestar integralmente este fenómeno creciente y complejo.

Revisión de la literatura científica sobre publicidad de medicamentos de venta libre y comportamiento del consumidor

El consumo de medicamentos es un asunto que actualmente se ha convertido en una preocupación a nivel global, ya que no todos los medicamentos están sujetos a prescripción médica, y esto implica que su consumo dependa de otras fuentes de información, como la publicidad masiva o el consejo de personas legas, entre otros. Esta revisión se basó en la publicidad y el impacto que tiene esta frente al consumidor. La presente revisión se dividió en dos categorías dado la relevancia del tema, en la primera se encuentra las características de los medicamentos de venta libre donde se evidenció cómo funciona el sector de la industria farmacéutica, las características de los medicamentos en general y los riesgos del abuso de este comportamiento. Así mismo, en la segunda categoria se habló sobre la publicidad y mercadeo de ventas libres donde se evidenció el alto impacto que tiene la publicidad en el consumidor, las restricciones que hay en el contexto nacional e internacional.

TELFest: an approach to encouraging the adoption of educational technologies

Barriers to technology adoption in teaching and learning are well documented, with a corresponding body of research focused on how these can be addressed. As a way to combine a variety of these adoption strategies, the University of Sheffield developed a Technology Enhanced Learning Festival, TELFest. This annual, week-long event, emphasises the role technology can play through an engaging learning experience which combines expert-led practical workshops, sharing of practice, discussions and presentations by practitioners. As the popularity of the event has grown and the range of topics expanded, a community of practice has organically coalesced among attendees, supporting the mainstream adoption of several technologies and helping to broaden educational innovation beyond isolated pockets. This paper situates TELFest within the technology adoption literature by providing details about TELFest, outlining the results of an investigation into the impact that it has had on attendees' teaching practice and summarising some of the limitations of the method along with reflections on how to address these limitations in the future.

Exploring the transformative potential of Bluetooth beacons in higher education

The growing ubiquity of smartphones and tablet devices integrated into personal, social and professional life, facilitated by expansive communication networks globally, has the potential to disrupt higher education. Academics and students are considering the future possibilities of exploiting these tools and utilising networks to consolidate and expand knowledge, enhancing learning gain. Bluetooth beacon technology has been developed by both Apple and Google as a way to situate digital information within physical spaces, and this paper reflects on a beacon intervention in a contemporary art school in higher education conducted by the authors intended to develop a situated community of practice in Art & Design. The paper describes the project, including relevant theoretical foundations and background to the beacon technology, with regards to the potential of using these devices to create a connected learning community by enhancing learning and facilitating knowledge creation in a borderless learning space.

"Tradizione romanistica" e principi generali del diritto: Il dibattito italiano tra Otto e Novecento

Il presente lavoro verte sul ruolo svolto dal diritto romano e – più in generale – dalla “tradizione romanistica” all'interno del sistema giuridico nazionale posteriore alla codificazione civile del 1865. L'attenzione è rivolta principalmente all'art. 3 delle Disposizioni preliminari del Codice del 1865 con il suo riferimento ai 'principi generali del diritto' e, dunque, all'analogia iuris. La prima parte dello studio si concentra sull'analisi di alcune voci della scienza giuridica italiana tra Otto e Novecento, nei loro diversi approcci – laddove riscontrabili – rispetto allo studio e al recupero (in chiave moderna) del diritto romano. La seconda parte è invece dedicata all'esame della prassi giudiziaria e, più specificamente, delle Corti di Cassazione. In questa fase si persegue un duplice obiettivo: da un lato, verificare se, ed eventualmente in che misura, il diritto romano possa ancora svolgere un ruolo nella (moderna) giurisprudenza di legittimità; dall'altro, valutare la concreta possibilità, prospettata da una parte della scienza giuridica, di ricorrere in Cassazione per impugnare una sentenza asseritamente contraria ai principi generali del diritto sanciti dall'art. 3 co. 2 delle Preleggi. L'analisi prende dunque le mosse dal contenuto delle singole decisioni della Cassazione, per poi passare all'esegesi dei frammenti di volta in volta richiamati; infine, si concluderà con un'operazione di sintesi volta a valutare, per ciascun caso, la coerenza (giuridica) del ragionamento analogico.

Big data and AI applications for health and research. Co-regulation mechanisms as a prosed solution for data protection law issues

Big data and AI are paving the way to promising scenarios in clinical practice and research. However, the use of such technologies might clash with GDPR requirements. Today, two forces are driving the EU policies in this domain. The first is the necessity to protect individuals’ safety and fundamental rights. The second is to incentivize the deployment of innovative technologies. The first objective is pursued by legislative acts such as the GDPR or the AIA, the second is supported by the new data strategy recently launched by the European Commission. Against this background, the thesis analyses the issue of GDPR compliance when big data and AI systems are implemented in the health domain. The thesis focuses on the use of co-regulatory tools for compliance with the GDPR. This work argues that there are two level of co-regulation in the EU legal system. The first, more general, is the approach pursued by the EU legislator when shaping legislative measures that deal with fast-evolving technologies. The GDPR can be deemed a co-regulatory solution since it mainly introduces general requirements, which implementation shall then be interpretated by the addressee of the law following a risk-based approach. This approach, although useful is costly and sometimes burdensome for organisations. The second co-regulatory level is represented by specific co-regulatory tools, such as code of conduct and certification mechanisms. These tools are meant to guide and support the interpretation effort of the addressee of the law. The thesis argues that the lack of co-regulatory tools which are supposed to implement data protection law in specific situations could be an obstacle to the deployment of innovative solutions in complex scenario such as the health ecosystem. The thesis advances hypothesis on theoretical level about the reasons of such a lack of co-regulatory solutions.

O desenvolvimento de competências em atenção básica à saúde: a experiência no projeto Huka-Katu

O artigo explora a possibilidade de integração no processo de aprendizagem à rede de serviços de saúde do subsistema de saúde indígena integrante do Sistema Único de Saúde e colabora com o processo de formação profissional na área da saúde. Enfatiza também que a concepção pedagógica e as metodologias de ensino-aprendizagem são temas importantes para o desenvolvimento das competências dos novos profissionais da saúde. Com isto, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar, através da análise descritiva, o contexto em que se desenvolve o processo preparatório para o estágio optativo "Projeto Huka-Katu - a FORP-USP no Xingu", ressaltando os aspectos cognitivos presentes na proposição de ações voltadas para a atenção primária. Considera-se ainda que as competências requeridas para o trabalho do cirurgião-dentista na atenção básica à saúde se constituem em um suporte (base) para a construção do SUS, sendo que estas competências devem atender as necessidades de articulação da prática e da educação, em uma perspectiva do cuidado à saúde.

Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1879) (Teleostei: Clupeidae), nome válido aplicado à sardinha-verdadeira no sudeste do Brasil

A história nomenclatural de Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1879) e de seu nome de substituição, Sardinella janeiro (Eigenmann, 1894) é apresentada, sendo confirmada a validade do primeiro por meio da aplicação dos dispositivos do Código Internacional de Nomenclatura Zoológica.

Brazilian scientific production on pharmaceutical care from 1990 to 2009

Brazilian scientific production on pharmaceutical care was identified based on articles indexed on the Medline, Embase, Lilacs, Web of Science and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts databases. Sixty-three articles published in both national and international journals were retrieved. With regard to authors, 72.3% were from the Southeast and South Regions, and 60.8% were affiliated to public universities. In relation to the type of studies, 85.7% were descriptive, and the most frequently researched fields were community pharmacies, hospitals and primary health care units. Articles were original in 65.1% of cases, updates in 20.6%, and reviews in 7.9%. An increase in publications commenced in 2006. In 31.7% of cases, authors had adopted a bibliographical study design, 28.6% qualitative study, 23.8% intervention, and 15.9% observational study design. The most researched subjects were elderly with chronic diseases. The importance of stimulating the conducting of experimental and qualitative studies, as well as amplifying authorship affiliated with the service area, foreign authors and with research in a wide variety of practice settings were highlighted. Despite the limited quantity of articles, an increase in their number as well as in their scope and quality is expected, so as to create further knowledge that contributes to the recognition of pharmacists' actions by patient healthcare teams.

Mediatizing educational policy: The journalistic field, science policy, and cross-field effects

This paper is concerned to demonstrate the usefulness of the theory of Bourdieu, including the concepts of field, logics of practice and habitus, to understanding relationships between media and policy, what Fairclough has called the 'mediatization' of policy. Specifically, the paper draws upon Bourdieu's accessible account of the journalistic field as outlined in On television and journalism. The usefulness of this work is illustrated through a case study of a recent Australian science policy, The chance to change. As this policy went through various iterations and media representations, its naming and structure became more aphoristic. This is the mediatization of contemporary policy, which often results in policy as sound bite. The case study also shows the cross-field effects of this policy in education, illustrating how today educational policy can be spawned from developments in other public policy fields.

The tannin-degrading species Streptococcus gallolyticus and Streptococcus caprinus are subjective synonyms

The tannin-degrading species Streptococcus gallolyticus and Streptococcus caprinus have been shown to be subjective synonyms on the basis of their levels of 16S rRNA sequence similarity (98.3%) and DNA-DNA homology (>70%) and the phenotypes of their type strains. S. gallolyticus has nomenclatural priority according to Rule 24b(2) of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria.

Earth pressure on cantilever walls at design retained heights

There are many methods for the analysis and design of embedded cantilever retaining walls. They involve various different simplifications of the pressure distribution to allow calculation of the limiting equilibrium retained height and the bending moment when the retained height is less than the limiting equilibrium value, i.e. the serviceability case. Recently, a new method for determining the serviceability earth pressure and bending moment has been proposed. This method makes an assumption defining the point of zero net pressure. This assumption implies that the passive pressure is not fully mobilised immediately below the excavation level. The finite element analyses presented in this paper examine the net pressure distribution on walls in which the retained height is less, than the limiting equilibrium value. The study shows that for all practical walls, the earth pressure distributions on the front and back of the wall are at their limit values, Kp and K-a respectively, when the lumped factor of safety F-r is less than or equal to2.0. A rectilinear net pressure distribution is proposed that is intuitively logical. It produces good predictions of the complete bending moment diagram for walls in the service configuration and the proposed method gives results that have excellent agreement with centrifuge model tests. The study shows that the method for determining the serviceability bending moment suggested by Padfield and Mair(1) in the CIRIA Report 104 gives excellent predictions of the maximum bending moment in practical cantilever walls. It provides the missing data that have been needed to verify and justify the CIRIA 104 method.