Antioxidant defense system and family environment in adolescents with family history of psychosis

[EN] Our objective was to determine antioxidant defence activity in healthy controls (HC) and healthy unaffected second-degree relatives of patients with early onset psychosis (HC-FHP),and to assess its relationship with familiar environment measured using the Family Environment Scale (FES). Methods: We included 82 HC and 14 HC-FHP aged between 9 and 17 years. Total antioxidant status,lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione levels were determined in blood samples. Results:There was a significant decrease in the total antioxidant level in the HC-FHP group compared with the HC group (OR = 2.94; p = 0.009), but no between-group differences in the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale scores. For the FES, the HC-FHP group had significantly higher scores in the cohesion (p = 0.007) and intellectual-cultural dimensions (p=0.025). After adjusting for these two FES dimensions, total antioxidant status remained significantly different between groups (OR = 10.86, p = 0.009).

Los movimientos urbanos como impulsores de la gestión democrática en la ciudad. Análisis comparativo de experiencias de gobernanza urbana en Barcelona, Bilbao y Pamplona

La pregunta o hipótesis central de estudio consiste en aclarar por qué y qué factores explican la apuesta de un movimiento urbano, transformado por factores externos e internos, en favor de procesos de desarrollo comunitario como táctica prioritaria con la que avanzar hacia una gestión democrática de los espacios urbanos. La respuesta, que a lo largo de la investigación trataremos de argumentar tanto desde el marco teórico como desde el estudio de los tres casos elegidos es la siguiente:Influenciados por los cambios en la ciudad (fordista-postfordista), en los modelos de toma de decisiones (gobierno-gobernanza) y en las formas de acción colectiva (movimientos-redes ciudadanas), los movimientos urbanos se han transformado de tal forma que, cuando se ha abierto una ventana de oportunidad política vinculada a la gobernanza local, han impulsado un tipo de procesos participativos que, marcados por la metodología comunitaria, pretenden provocar un impulso de la gestión democrática de la ciudad.Así, se visualiza cómo los movimientos urbanos tratan de expresar en su horizonte y estrategia el intento de salvaguardar la lógica deliberativa de la sociedad civil, frente a la expansión creciente de la lógica instrumental, basada en los mecanismos de dirección del poder y el dinero, propios de los sistemas políticos y económicos.

An Open and Social Spaced Repetition System for Language Learning

In the last decades big improvements have been done in the field of computer aided learning, based on improvements done in computer science and computer systems. Although the field has been always a bit lagged, without using the latest solutions, it has constantly gone forward taking profit of the innovations as they show up. As long as the train of the computer science does not stop (and it won’t at least in the near future) the systems that take profit of those improvements will not either, because we humans will always need to study; Sometimes for pleasure and some other many times out of need. Not all the attempts in the field of computer aided learning have been in the same direction. Most of them address one or some few of the problems that show while studying and don’t take into account solutions proposed for some other problems. The reasons for this can be varied. Sometimes the solutions simply are not compatible. Some other times, because the project is an investigation it’s interesting to isolate the problem. And, in commercial products, licenses and patents often prevent the new projects to use previous work. The world moved forward and this is an attempt to use some of the options offered by technology, mixing some old ideas with new ones.

Gestor de transportes

Aplicación para la gestión del transporte para la pequeña empresa

Seneko: galderak automatikoki sortuz testuak lantzeko aukera ematen duen aplikazioa

Seneko euskaraz idatzitako testuak lantzeko eskaintzen den aplikazio didaktikoa da. Oro har, sistemak erabiltzaileengandik jasotako fitxategien gainean automatikoki galderak sortzen ditu eta ariketa gisa eskaini. Honetaz gain, ikaskuntza/irakaskuntza metodologiari dagokionez sarean aurki daitezkeen aplikazioen alternatiba gisa garatu da sistema. Izan ere, fitxategiak eta ariketak partekatzeko metodoak oinarritzat hartuz kooperazioa eta elkarlana ahalbidetzen duen metodologiari heltzea izan da helburua.

Hizkuntzaren prozesamendurako teknikak irakaskuntza arloan: galdera sortzaile automatikoa

Proiektu honen helburua hizkuntzaren prozesamendurako tresnek irakaskuntza arloan izan dezaketen erabilgarritasuna aztertzea da. Konkretuki, irakaskuntza materialen sorkuntzan laguntza handia eskaini dezake gaur egun hizkuntzaren prozesamenduak. Ariketak automatikoki prestatzeko sistemak, testu idatzien kalitatea hobetzen laguntzeko sistemak, laburpengintza sistemak... denetarik sortu da azken aldian. Baina, beste hizkuntzetarako buruturiko lana handia den arren euskararako buruturiko lana oso murritza da. Honek bultzatuta, proiektu honetan euskararako ariketak automatikoki sortzeko sistemetan azterketa bat burutuko da, galdera ariketak automatikoki sortzeko zehazki. Galdera hauen helburua ikasleek testuen ulermena lantzea izango da, horretarako testuko alderdi esanguratsuenei buruz galdetzen saiatuko direlarik. Ataza hau burutzeko bi ikerketa lerrotan sakonduko da: Alde batetik, testuko zati esanguratsuenak bilatzen lagunduko duen modulu bat inplementatuko da. Modulu honen helburua testuan agertzen diren termino garrantzitsuenak markatzea eta pisatzea izango da. Termino esanguratsuak bilatuz testuan garrantzitsu diren kontzeptuak zein izan daitezkeen jakin dezakegu. Hau abiapuntu egokia izan daiteke testu baten ulermena lantzen hasteko. Termino hauek markatzeko metodoa probabilitatean oinarriturikoa izango da, hizkuntzaren prozesamenduko alderdi estatistikoa jorratuz. Beste alde batetik, testuan bilaturiko termino garrantzitsuenen inguruan galderak automatikoki eraikiko dituen modulu bat inplementatuko da. Honen helburua esaldi bat eman eta ahalik eta galdera zentzuzko eta zuzenenak sortzea izango da. Honetarako erregeletan oinarrituriko modulu bat inplementatuko da, hizkuntzaren prozesamenduko alderdi linguistikoa jorratuz. Bi modulu hauekin probak burutu ahal izateko euskararako existitzen diren hainbat corpusen azterketa burutuko da. Proiekturako interesgarriak izan daitezkeen corpusak eskuratu eta beharrezko bada corpus berriak biltzeko helburua izango du azterketa honek. Amaitzeko, modulu bakoitzean modu independentean burutuko diren ebaluazioez gain ebaluazio orokor bat ere burutuko da. Bertan bi moduluak elkarrekin lotu eta eszenatoki erreal batean sorturiko aplikazioak izan dezakeen erabilgarritasuna aztertuko da.

A colorectal cancer genome-wide association study in a Spanish cohort identifies two variants associated with colorectal cancer risk at 1p33 and 8p12

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease of complex aetiology, with much of the expected inherited risk being due to several common low risk variants. Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have identified 20 CRC risk variants. Nevertheless, these have only been able to explain part of the missing heritability. Moreover, these signals have only been inspected in populations of Northern European origin. Results: Thus, we followed the same approach in a Spanish cohort of 881 cases and 667 controls. Sixty-four variants at 24 loci were found to be associated with CRC at p-values <10-5. We therefore evaluated the 24 loci in another Spanish replication cohort (1481 cases and 1850 controls). Two of these SNPs, rs12080929 at 1p33 (P-replication=0.042; P-pooled=5.523x10(-03); OR (CI95%)=0.866(0.782-0.959)) and rs11987193 at 8p12 (P-replication=0.039; P-pooled=6.985x10(-5); OR (CI95%)=0.786(0.705-0.878)) were replicated in the second Phase, although they did not reach genome-wide statistical significance. Conclusions: We have performed the first CRC GWAS in a Southern European population and by these means we were able to identify two new susceptibility variants at 1p33 and 8p12 loci. These two SNPs are located near the SLC5A9 and DUSP4 loci, respectively, which could be good functional candidates for the association signals. We therefore believe that these two markers constitute good candidates for CRC susceptibility loci and should be further evaluated in other larger datasets. Moreover, we highlight that were these two SNPs true susceptibility variants, they would constitute a decrease in the CRC missing heritability fraction.

Evidence for classification of c.1852_1853AA > GC in MLH1 as a neutral variant for Lynch syndrome

Background: Lynch syndrome (LS) is an autosomal dominant inherited cancer syndrome characterized by early onset cancers of the colorectum, endometrium and other tumours. A significant proportion of DNA variants in LS patients are unclassified. Reports on the pathogenicity of the c.1852_1853AA>GC (p.Lys618Ala) variant of the MLH1 gene are conflicting. In this study, we provide new evidence indicating that this variant has no significant implications for LS. Methods: The following approach was used to assess the clinical significance of the p.Lys618Ala variant: frequency in a control population, case-control comparison, co-occurrence of the p.Lys618Ala variant with a pathogenic mutation, co-segregation with the disease and microsatellite instability in tumours from carriers of the variant. We genotyped p.Lys618Ala in 1034 individuals (373 sporadic colorectal cancer [CRC] patients, 250 index subjects from families suspected of having LS [revised Bethesda guidelines] and 411 controls). Three well-characterized LS families that fulfilled the Amsterdam II Criteria and consisted of members with the p.Lys618Ala variant were included to assess co-occurrence and co-segregation. A subset of colorectal tumour DNA samples from 17 patients carrying the p.Lys618Ala variant was screened for microsatellite instability using five mononucleotide markers. Results: Twenty-seven individuals were heterozygous for the p.Lys618Ala variant; nine had sporadic CRC (2.41%), seven were suspected of having hereditary CRC (2.8%) and 11 were controls (2.68%). There were no significant associations in the case-control and case-case studies. The p.Lys618Ala variant was co-existent with pathogenic mutations in two unrelated LS families. In one family, the allele distribution of the pathogenic and unclassified variant was in trans, in the other family the pathogenic variant was detected in the MSH6 gene and only the deleterious variant co-segregated with the disease in both families. Only two positive cases of microsatellite instability (2/17, 11.8%) were detected in tumours from p.Lys618Ala carriers, indicating that this variant does not play a role in functional inactivation of MLH1 in CRC patients. Conclusions: The p.Lys618Ala variant should be considered a neutral variant for LS. These findings have implications for the clinical management of CRC probands and their relatives.

A High Degree of LINE-1 Hypomethylation Is a Unique Feature of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer

12 p.

Variación temporal del ADNmt en poblaciones de la cornisa cantábrica. Contribución del AND antiguo

333 p.

Sentence comprehension before and after 1970: Topics, debates and techniques

[EN] Language Down the Garden Path traces the lines of research that grew out of Bever's classic paper. Leading scientists review over 40 years of debates on the factors at play in language comprehension, production, and acquisition (the role of prediction, grammar, working memory, prosody, abstractness, syntax and semantics mapping); the current status of universals and narrow syntax; and virtually every topic relevant in psycholinguistics since 1970. Written in an accessible and engaging style, the book will appeal to all those interested in understanding the questions that shaped, and are still shaping, this field and the ways in which linguists, cognitive scientists, psychologists, and neuroscientists are seeking to answer them.

Análisis operacional del buque diesel eléctrico LNG´c Barcelona Knutsen

En el siguiente trabajo se realizo una descripción del Buque LNG´c Barcelona Knutsen con propulsión DF- Eléctrico y el análisis de operaciones que realiza este con datos reales que obtiene en sus operaciones. Con los siguientes objetivos específicos: Características principales de este buque, dando una breve descripción de un motor Dual, como el que se encontrara en él. Explicando cada elemento más importante que compone la planta de propulsión y la planta de gas, para poder dar paso a la comprensión del método operacional que realiza este. Ya que todo ello intervendrá en el posterior análisis de los modos de operación. En segundo término, se expondrán todos los datos de Boil-Off de dos viajes realizados en Modo GAS, tanto cargado como en lastre, para poder realizar el estudio de la carga como método de combustible para la propulsión. Analizando que procesos pasa esta, desde el día que se sale cargado hasta que se llega a puerto, se descarga y se vuelve en lastre quemando este Boil-Off generado. Estudio integro con datos reales de cada viaje, con el fin de ver el perfil operacional que realiza este tipo de buque. Donde se obtendrán energías generadas, consumos obtenidos, velocidades……pudiendo estudiar la evolución de viaje que realiza. Todos los viajes que se nombraran en conjunto, como viaje “Completo” se realizara una comparativa, con el objetivo del estudio exhaustivo de este. Con el propósito de poder hacer una pequeña comparativa con un buque de turbinas, se explicaran las características de este para poder ver el perfil operacional de un buque con el otro en 24h. Por último, y a fin de concluir se realizara el consumo específico en situación de lastre en modo GAS y HFO, para verificar datos del fabricante respecto del consumo teórico con el real.

Mugarri: bigarren hizkuntzako ikasleen hizkuntz ezagutza eskuratzeko sistema anitzeko ingurunea

265 p.

Budget-Neutral Financing to Unlock Energy Savings Potential: An Analysis of the ESCO Model in Barcelona

24 p.

The Costs of Drought: the Exceptional 2007-2008 Case of Barcelona

35 p.