Oxidation of catechol in plants : III. Purification and properties of the diphenylene dioxide 2,3-quinone-forming enzyme system from Tecoma leaves

In attempting to determine the nature of the enzyme system mediating the conversion of catechol to diphenylenedioxide 2,3-quinone, in Tecoma leaves, further purification of the enzyme was undertaken. The crude enzyme from Tecoma leaves was processed further by protamine sulfate precipitation, positive adsorption on tricalcium phosphate gel, and elution and chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex. This procedure yielded a 120-fold purified enzyme which stoichiometrically converted catechol to diphenylenedioxide 2,3-quinone. The purity of the enzyme system was assessed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The approximate molecular weight of the enzyme was assessed as 200,000 by gel filtration on Sephadex G-150. The enzyme functioned optimally at pH 7.1 and at 35 °C. The Km for catechol was determined as 4 × 10−4 Image . The enzyme did not oxidize o-dihydric phenols other than catechol and it did not exhibit any activity toward monohydric and trihydric phenols and flavonoids. Copper-chelating agents did not inhibit the enzyme activity. Copper could not be detected in the purified enzyme preparations. The purified enzyme was not affected by extensive dialysis against copper-complexing agents. It did not show any peroxidase activity and it was not inhibited by catalase. Hydrogen peroxide formation could not be detected during the catalytic reaction. The enzymatic conversion of catechol to diphenylenedioxide 2,3-quinone by the purified Tecoma leaf enzyme was suppressed by such reducing agents as GSH and cysteamine. The purified enzyme was not sensitive to carbon monoxide. It was not inhibited by thiol inhibitors. The Tecoma leaf was found to be localized in the soluble fraction of the cell. Treatment of the purified enzyme with acid, alkali, and urea led to the progressive denaturation of the enzyme.

O envolvimento do estresse oxidativo e nitrosativo em modelo de doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC) induzido por elastase

Esse estudo buscou investigar o papel do estresse oxidativo e nitrosativo no enfisema pulmonar induzido por elastase. Foram utilizados camundongos machos C57BL/6 submetidos a dois modelos de indução do enfisema por elastase pancreática suína (PPE): intratraqueal (i.t.) e intranasal (i.n.). No modelo intratraqueal a PPE foi instilada nas doses de 0,05 U ou 0,5 U/camundongo para avaliação temporal do enfisema 7, 14 e 21 dias após instilação de PPE. Em outra etapa, o papel da iNOS foi avaliado através da sua inibição farmacológica por aminoguanidina (AMG) 1% na água de beber ou pela sua exclusão genética em camundongos deficientes em iNOS que tiveram o enfisema induzido por 0,5 U PPE i.t. após 21 dias. No modelo intranasal a dose de PPE foi 3 U/camundongo para avaliação temporal do enfisema (1, 7, 14 e 21 dias após PPE). O papel do estresse oxidativo e nitrosativo foi avaliado com diferentes tratamentos antioxidantes na água de beber: tempol, apocinina+alopurinol, n-acetilcisteína, vitamina C+E, e aminoguanidina durante os 21 dias de indução do enfisema. Os grupos controles foram submetidos à instilação de salina. Lavado broncoalveolar, imunoensaios, análises bioquímicas de estresse oxidativo e ensaios morfométricos foram realizados nos pulmões dos animais. O enfisema foi histologicamente alcançado em 21 dias após 0,5 U PPE i.t., evidenciado pelo aumento do diâmetro alveolar médio Lm e da densidade de volume dos espaços alveolares - Vvair em comparação ao grupo controle. TNF-α foi aumentado em 7 e 14 dias após 0,5 U PPE comparados ao controle, concomitante com a redução de IL-10 nos mesmos períodos, comparados ao controle. O estresse oxidativo foi observado na fase inicial do enfisema, com aumento dos níveis de nitrito, TBARS e superóxido dismutase no grupo 7 dias após 0,5 U PPE (i.t.) quando comparados ao controle ao passo que no modelo intranasal as alterações típicas do estresse foram vistas no grupo 1 dia após 3 U de PPE. Atividade da glutationa peroxidase foi aumentada em todos os grupos PPE (i.t.). A exposição à 0,5 U PPE induziu o aumento da iNOS, eNOS e nitrotirosina, sendo revertido no grupo PPE+AMG. Os animais tratados com AMG 1% e os deficientes em iNOS tiveram o enfisema atenuado histologicamente, mantendo o Lm e o Vvair semelhantes ao grupo controle. Os grupos tratados com n-acetilcisteína e aminoguanidina no modelo i.n. tiveram redução do Lm quando comparados ao grupo PPE. Esses resultados sugerem que as vias de estresse oxidativo e nitrosativo são disparadas pela produção de óxido nítrico via iNOS no enfisema pulmonar. A modulação da iNOS parece uma estratégia promissora no estabelecimento do enfisema pulmonar

Alterações eritrocitárias induzidas pelo exercício físico

Evidências crescentes têm demonstrado que o exercício prejudica a estrutura da membrana eritrocitária, como consequência do aumento do estresse físico e químico. O óxido nítrico (NO) derivado dos eritrócitos afeta a fluidez da membrana e a sua biodisponibilidade depende do equilíbrio entre a sua síntese e eliminação por espécies reativas de oxigênio. Nós investigamos se o exercício realizado em diferentes intensidades afetaria biodisponibilidade do NO eritrocitário e se levaria a um quadro de estresse oxidativo. Dez homens (26 4 anos, VO2pico 44,1 4,3 mL.kg-1.min-1) realizaram um teste cardiopulmonar máximo em esteira e um teste de exercício submáximo a 70% VO2pico durante 30 min. O sangue foi coletado em repouso e imediatamente após os exercícios para isolamento dos eritrócitos. O exercício máximo aumentou a contagem de eritrócitos, hemoglobina e hematócrito, sem levar a qualquer alteração na massa corporal que pudesse sugerir hemoconcentração devido a uma redução do volume plasmático. Observou-se uma diminuição do influxo de L-arginina depois do teste submáximo, mas não no teste máximo. No entanto, a atividade da óxido nítrico sintase, ou seja, a produção de NO, foi aumentada após o teste máximo. Os níveis de GMPc não se alteraram após ambos os teste de exercício. Em relação aos biomarcadores de estresse oxidativo, o exercício submáximo reduziu a oxidação proteica e aumentou a atividade da catalase e a expressão da glutationa peroxidase, enquanto que o exercício máximo levou a uma maior peroxidação lipídica e diminuição da atividade da SOD. Nem a atividade glutationa peroxidase ou a expressão NADPH oxidase foram afetadas pelo exercício. Estes resultados sugerem que o exercício induziu alterações no estresse oxidativo de eritrócitos, que parecem estar mais associadas com a intensidade do que a duração do execicio. Além disso, nas intensidades recomendadas para a promoção da saúde, o exercício mostrou ser protetor, aumentando a atividade e a expressão de enzimas antioxidantes importantes e reduzindo os danos oxidativos.

荞麦(Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.和F. esculentum Moench.)对紫外线B辐射的响应研究

近二十多年来，基于对臭氧层衰减、紫外线B（UV-B）增强的担心，研究者希望了解到紫外线辐射对不同作物的影响情况，增强UV-B辐射条件下是否对作物的生长发育、产量质量构成威胁。在本试验中，我们首先探讨了双子叶作物黄瓜（Cucumis sativus）和大豆（Glycine max）对不同紫外波段的生物效应[分别为B-UVA（315-400 nm），N-UVA（315-340 nm），B-UVB（275-400 nm）和N-UVB（290-340 nm），UV-（>400nm）作对照]。我们观察到所有的UV波段处理都使黄瓜和大豆的生长受到抑制，并且细胞受到不同程度的氧化伤害；UV波段处理的作用效果与不同波段的紫外有效生物辐射剂量有关。处理差异在UV-B波段内部和UV-A波段内部同样存在。植物生长UV辐射公式（BSWF）能很好的预测本试验UV-B波段内的平均植物效应，但不能预测UV-A波段的植物效应。短波UV-A的生物作用强于长波UV-A。光合色素的变化与UV波谱差异和种间差异有关。在高的紫外/可见光背景下，UV-A处理同UV-B同样导致光合色素的降低，但黄瓜类胡萝卜素/叶绿素比例升高。与其他研究者的试验结果比较后，我们认为紫外线B辐射的生物效应一致性很高，但紫外线A波段的生物学效应存在较大争议。因此我们在本试验的基础上仅进行荞麦[苦荞(Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.)和甜荞(Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.)]对紫外线B波段的响应研究。 我们对苦荞品种-圆籽荞进行了连续两个生长季节的大田半控制试验以观察UV-B辐射对苦荞生长、发育、产量及叶片色素的影响；试验小区进行降低UV-B、近充足UV-B和增强UV-B辐射处理。我们的试验表明在不同强度UV-B辐射下苦荞的生长、地上部生物量积累及最终产量都有所下降，但苦荞的发育加快；当前条件下的日光紫外线B辐射对植物生长和产量也造成负面影响。植物光合色素被日光及增强UV-B辐射降低；UV化合物及卢丁含量在中低剂量的UV-B辐射强度下显著升高，但在高剂量的增强UV-B辐射下短期升高后迅速下降。我们的试验表明苦荞是一个对UV-B高度敏感的作物。苦荞对UV-B的敏感性与UV-B剂量、外界环境因素及生长季节有关。 单个苦荞品种的试验结果使我们认识到外界UV-B辐射已经对苦荞生长发育构成逆境条件，未来全球气候变化条件下增强紫外线B辐射可能使其处于更不利的生长环境中。因此我们有进行了多个种群进行UV-B响应观察并筛选耐性种群。我们对15个苦荞种群进行增强UV-B辐射处理（6.30 kJ m2 UV-BBE，模拟当地25%的臭氧衰减），我们观察苦荞UV-B辐射效应存在显著的种内差异，UV-B辐射对多数种群具有抑制作用，但对一些种群还有刺激作用。我们采用主成分分析方法与作物UV-B响应指数（RI）来评价苦荞作物UV-B辐射耐性。我们发现作物的UV-B耐性不仅与其原产地背景UV-B强度有关，而且与作物相对生长效率、次生代谢产物含量（如卢丁）及其他因素有关。我们观察到苦荞伸展叶总叶绿素变化与UV-B耐性成正相关；室内苦荞幼苗的UV-B辐射致死试验表明：苦荞种群死亡率与其UV-B耐性成负相关。 此外，我们对甜荞的UV-B辐射响应也进行了初步研究。选取美姑甜荞、巧家甜荞和云龙甜荞进行5个梯度的增强UV-B辐射室外模拟试验。我们观察到UV-B辐射显著降低了甜荞的生长、生物量及产量；并严重影响了甜荞的生殖生长，降低了花序数、种子数和结实率；并且UV-B辐射对甜荞的抑制作用存在显著的剂量效应。三种甜荞品种存在显著的种内差异，其中美姑品种UV-B耐性最强，且膜脂受UV-B辐射氧化伤害最小，这与该品种UV-B辐射下较高的GR酶活性、APX酶活性和PPO酶活性、以及含量更高的抗坏血酸有关。甜荞的次生代谢也受到增强UV-B辐射的影响，其香豆酰类化合物在UV-B辐射下升高显著，而槲皮素含量也在高剂量UV-B辐射下有所增加；卢丁含量依赖UV-B辐射剂量而变化，中低剂量UV-B辐射下其卢丁含量逐渐升高，但在高剂量辐射下逐渐下降。 通过对生长在高海拔地区的荞麦作物(苦荞和甜荞)进行的室外研究，我们认识到作物不同品种存在很大的耐性差异，这就为UV-B耐性育种创造了有利条件。进一步加大荞麦种质资源筛选力度并深入认识荞麦抗性机理，在此基础上通过杂交或其他基因融合手段培育抗性品种，对高剂量UV-B辐射地区的荞麦产量的提高将起到重要推动作用，并使荞麦生产能有效应对未来全球气候变化条件下UV-B辐射可能升高的威胁。 During last few decades, due to concern of ozone layer depletion and enhancement of ultraviolet B radiation（UV-B, 280-315 nm), the agronomist want to know the responses of different crop species to UV-B. In the first experiment of our study, the effect of different UV band [B-UVA（315-400 nm), N-UVA（315-340 nm), B-UVB（275-400 nm), N-UVB（290-340 nm）and UV-（>400nm, as control)] on the cucumber（Cucumis sativus）and soybean（Glycine max）were investigated in growth room. Spectra-dependent differences in growth and oxidation indices existed within UV-A bands as well as UV-B bands. The general biological effects of different band were UV- ＜ B-UVA＜ N-UVA＜N-UVB＜B-UVB. The plant growth biologically spectra weighting function（BSWF）matched well with average plant response in UV-B region, but not in UV-A region. Shorter UV-A wavelength imposed more negative impact than longer UV-A wavelength did in both species. The effect on photosynthetic pigment was related to different UV bands and different species. The photosynthetic pigment content was decreased by UV-A spectra as well as UV-B spectra. In comparison with the results of previous studies, we found that the wavelength-dependent biological effect of ultraviolet B radiation has high consistency, but the biological effect of ultraviolet-A radiation was inconsistent. We narrow our following study on the effect of ultraviolet B radiation on the buckwheat（tartary buckwheat and common buckwheat). The tartary buckwheat（Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.）cultivars Yuanziqiao was grown in the sheltered field plots for two consecutive seasons under reduced, near-ambient and two supplemental levels of UV-B radiation. The crop growth, photosynthetic pigments, total biomass, final seed yield and thousand-grain weight were decreased by near-ambient and enhanced UV-B radiation, while crop development was promoted by enhanced UV-B radiation. Leaf rutin concentration and UV-B absorbing compound was generally increased by UV-B with the exception of 8.50 kJ m-2 day-1 supplemental levels. Our results showed that tartary buckwheat is a potentially UV-B sensitive species. Study on one cultivars showed that ambient solar radiation had present a stress to tartary buckwheat. This makes it necessary to observe the UV-B response of many cultivars and screen tolerant cultivars. Fifteen populations of tartary buckwheat were experienced enhanced UV-B radiation simulating 25% depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer in Kunming region, and plant responses in growth, morphology and productivity were observed. Principal components analysis（PCA）was used to evaluate overall sensitivity of plant response to UV-B as well as response index. The different populations exhibited significant differences in responses to UV-B. The photosynthetic pigments of young seedlings were also affected significantly under field condition. On the other hand, the healthy seedlings of different populations were exposed to the high level of UV-B radiation in growth chambers to determine the plant lethality rate. The plant tolerance evaluated by multivariate analysis was positively related to total plant chlorophyll change, but negatively related to lethality rate. In other hand, the UV-B responses of the other important cultivated buckwheat species, common buckwheat（Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.), were also studied preliminarily. Three widespread cultivated variety（Meigu, Qiaojia and Yunlong cultivars）were provided with five level of enhanced UV-B radiation outdoors. We observed that the crop growth, development and production were significantly decreased, and reproductive production, like anthotaxy number, seed number and seed setting ratio, was also decreased. Dose-dependent inhibition effect caused by enhanced UV-B radiation also existed in common buckwheat. Significant intraspecific difference existed in those three cultivars. The Meigu cultivars with dwarfed growth and lower production have highest UV-B tolerance as well as lowest damage in cell membrane, this could be associated with profound enhancements of glutathione reductase（GR）activity, ascorbate peroxidase activity and polyphenol oxidase activity as well as higher ascorbic acid concentration. The secondary metabolism was also affected by UV-B radiation, with profound elevation of coumarin compound and moderate increase of quercetin concentration. Rutin concentration was peaked in 5kJ m-2 UV-B. The contrasting effect of UV-B radiation on different populations indicated that there existed abundant genetic resources for selecting tolerant populations of common and tartary buckwheat. Much effort needed be pose on screening of buckwheat germplasm and clarification of mechanism of buckwheat tolerance to UV-B. On this base the tolerant cultivars could be bred by hybridization and other gene transfusion method, this would help increase buckwheat yield in high ambient UV-B region and counteract the effect of possible enhanced UV-B radiation in future.

G-quadruplex-based DNAzyme for facile colorimetric detection of thrombin

Thrombin-binding aptamer is found to bind hemin to form a catalytic complex whose activity is significantly promoted by the addition of thrombin, which enables the colorimetric detection of thrombin with high specificity and sensitivity in a facile way.

Multifunctional G-Quadruplex Aptamers and Their Application to Protein Detection

Two significant G-quadruplex aptamers named AGRO100 and T30695 are identified as multi functional aptamers that can bind the protein ligands nucleolin or HIV-1 integrase and hemin. Besides their strong binding to target proteins, both AGRO100 and T30695 exhibit high hemin-binding affinities comparable to that of the known aptamer (termed PS2M) selected by the in vitro evolution process. Most importantly, their corresponding hemin-DNA complexes reveal excellent peroxidase-like activities. higher than that of the reported hemin-PS2M DNAzyme. This enables these multifunctional aptamers to be applied to the sensitive detection of proteins. which is demonstrated by applying AGRO100 to the chemiluminescence detection of nucleolin expressed at the surface of HeLa cells. Based on the specific AGRO100-nucleolin interaction, the surface-expressed nucleolin of HeLa cells is labeled in situ with the hemin-AGRO100 DNAzyme, and then determined in the luminol-H2O2 system.

G-quadruplex-based DNAzyme for sensitive mercury detection with the naked eye

Hg2+ is able to inhibit the peroxidase-like DNAzyme function of a T-containing G-quadruplex DNA via Hg2+-mediated T-T base pairs, which enables the visual detection of Hg2+ in the TMB-H2O2 reaction system with high selectivity and sensitivity.

Label-Free Colorimetric Detection of Aqueous Mercury Ion (Hg2+) Using Hg2+-Modulated G-Quadruplex-Based DNAzymes

Mercury ion (Hg2+) is able to specifically bind to the thymine-thymine (T-T) base pair in a DNA duplex, thus providing a rationale for DNA-based selective detection of Hg2+ with various means. In this work, we for the first time utilize the Hg2+-mediated T-T base pair to modulate the proper folding of G-quadruplex DNAs and inhibit the DNAzyme activity, thereby pioneering a facile approach to sense Hg2+ with colorimetry. Two bimolecular DNA G-quadruplexes containing many T residues are adopted here, which function well in low- and high-salt conditions, respectively. These G-quadruplex DNAs are able to bind hemin to form the peroxidase-like DNAzymes in the folded state. Upon addition of Hg2+, the proper folding of G-quadruplex DNAs is inhibited due to the formation of T-Hg2+-T complex. Ibis is reflected by the notable change of the Soret band of hemin when investigated by using UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. As a result of Hg2+ inhibition, a sharp decrease in the catalytic activity toward the H2O2-mediated oxidation of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)diammonium salt (ABTS) is observed, accompanied by a change in solution color. Through this approach, aqueous Hg2+ can be detected at 50 nM (10 ppb) with colorimetry in a facile way, with high selectivity against other metal ions.

Enhanced catalytic DNAzyme for label-free colorimetric detection of DNA

A DNAzyme-based label-free method for the colorimetric detection of DNA is introduced, with a supramolecular hemin G-quartet complex as the sensing element and a 36-mer single-strand DNA as the analyte that is detected at 10 nM.

Aptamer-based label-free method for hemin recognition and DNA assay by capillary electrophoresis with chemiluminescence detection

An aptamer-based label-free approach to hemin recognition and DNA assay using capillary electrophoresis with chemiluminescence detection is introduced here. Two guanine-rich DNA aptamers were used as the recognition element and target DNA, respectively. In the presence of potassium ions, the two aptamers folded into the G-quartet structures, binding hemin with high specificity and affinity. Based on the G-quartet-hemin interactions, the ligand molecule was specifically recognized with a K (d)approximate to 73 nM, and the target DNA could be detected at 0.1 mu M. In phosphate buffer of pH 11.0, hemin catalyzed the H2O2-mediated oxidation of luminol to generate strong chemiluminescence signal; thus the target molecule itself served as an indicator for the molecule-aptamer interaction, which made the labeling and/or modification of aptamers or target molecules unnecessary. This label-free method for molecular recognition and DNA detection is therefore simple, easy, and effective.

Mitochondrial J haplogroup is associated with lower blood pressure and anti-oxidant status: findings in octo/nonagenarians from the BELFAST Study

Mitochondria produce cellular energy but also free-radicals, which damage cells despite an array of endogenous anti-oxidants. In Northern Europe, the mitochondrial haplogroup J has been related to longevity in nonagenarians and centenarians but also with age-related disease. Hypertension is an important contributor to atherosclerotic-related diseases and its pathogenesis is associated with increased oxidative stress. In this study, we questioned whether J haplogroup octo/nonagenarians from the Belfast Elderly Longitudinal Free-living Elderly STudy (BELFAST) study showed evidence of protective blood pressure or anti-oxidant profile which might explain their longevity advantage. Briefly, in a cross-sectional study, community-living, mentally alert (Folstein >25/30), octo/nonagenarian subjects, recruited for good health, were enlisted and consented as part of the BELFAST study, for blood pressure, anthropometric measurements and blood sampling. DNA typing for mitochondrial haplotypes was carried out with measurements for enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. J haplogroup carriers showed lower systolic blood pressure and glutathione peroxidase activity (Gpx) with higher folate measurements. There was no change in urate, bilirubin, albumin or nutrition-related antioxidants-selenium or vitamins A, C and a and ß carotene. BELFAST study mtDNA J haplogroup octo/nonagenarians showed lower blood pressure and reduced glutathione peroxidase activity and higher folate, but no change for other antioxidants. These findings are of interest in view of mtDNA J haplogroup's association with increased age in some previous studies.

The Synthesis of Imidazole Fatty Acid Conjugates as Inhibitors of Apoptosis

Ionizing radiation is known to initiate apoptosis in mammalian cells by causing the transformation of cytochrome c into a peroxidase, which results in the specific peroxidation of the mitochondrial phospholipid cardiolipin. Here we report the design and synthesis of 8 imidazole fatty acid derivatives that bind to the cyt c:CL complex and inhibit the peroxidase activity required for the initiation of apoptosis. We postulate that imidazole acts as a sixth ligand to the haem iron and stops the interaction with H2O2. Two mitochondrially directed analogues (3-hydroxypropyl)triphenylphosphonium esters) of 12-imidazole-stearic acid and 12-imidazole-oleic acid not only were demonstrated to be peroxidase inhibitors in vitro, but were also extraordinarily effective in protecting mice from lethal doses (9 Gy) of ionization radiation. We studied the structure activity relationship to a group of triphenyl phosphonium derivatives containing imidazole at different positions on the fatty acid chain, and observed that the C8-imidazole stearate analogue had marginally better activity than the others. But overall, the structure activity result were remarkable “flat” with all compounds prepared having rather similar inhibitory strength. We also synthesized carnitine mono and di-esters of 12-imidazole fatty acids but full biological data is not yet available for these compounds.

Effet de la N-acétylcystéine sur la dysfonction endothéliale des artères coronaires épicardiques associée à une hypertrophie ventriculaire gauche dans un modèle porcin

Effet positif de la N-acétylcystéine sur la dysfonction endothéliale des artères coronaires épicardiques associée à une hypertrophie ventriculaire gauche dans un modèle porcin A. A. HORN, M-C AUBIN, YF SHI, J-C TARDIF, M. CARRIER , L. P. PERRAULT INSTITUT DE CARDIOLOGIE DE MONTRÉAL, MONTRÉAL, CANADA, Objectif : Il a été démontré dans le laboratoire que dans notre modèle d’hypertrophie ventriculaire gauche, la dysfonction endothéliale est secondaire à une diminution de la biodisponibilité du NO, celle-ci étant causée par une augmentation du stress oxydant tel que démontré par Malo et al. (2003) et Aubin et al. (2006). Le but de la présente étude est d’étudier l’effet d’un traitement chronique de la N-acétylcystéine (NAC) (un antioxydant) sur la dysfonction endothéliale associée à une hypertrophie ventriculaire gauche (HVG). Méthodologie: L’HVG a été induite par cerclage aortique (CA) chez vingt-et-un porcelets âgés de deux mois qui furent divisés aléatoirement en quatre groupes expérimentaux. Le groupe témoin (groupe 1) a été soumis à une thoracotomie antérolatérale gauche sans cerclage aortique (n=3). Le groupe 2 a été soumis à un cerclage aortique pour une période de 60 jours (n=6). Le groupe 3 a subi un cerclage aortique et a reçu un traitement oral de N-acétylcystéine de 1000 mg/jour per os pendant 60 jours commençant le jour de la chirurgie (n=6). Le groupe 4 a été soumis à un cerclage aortique et a reçu un traitement oral de N-acétylcystéine : 1000 mg/par jour pendant 30 jours commençant le jour 30 (post-chirurgie) (n=6). L’hypertrophie fut évaluée par échocardiographie. La réactivité vasculaire fut étudiée à l’aide de chambres d’organes par la construction des courbes concentration-réponse à la sérotonine (5-HT: relaxations induites par les récepteurs 5-HT1D, couplés aux protéines Gi) et à la bradykinine (BK: relaxations induites par les récepteurs B2, couplés aux protéines Gq). Les quantités de nitrites/nitrates et la production basale de GMPc ont été mesurées pour évaluer la fonction endothéliale. Le stress oxydant a été étudié en quantifiant les concentrations plasmatiques d’hydroperoxydes lipidiques et de glutathion réduit, ainsi que l’activité plasmatique des enzymes antioxydantes peroxydase du glutathion et dismutase du superoxyde. Résultats: Le rapport masse ventricule gauche/masse corporelle était significativement plus élevé pour le groupe 2 comparativement au groupe 1 (p<0,05) confirmant la présence d’une HVG. Le développement de l’HVG dans le groupe 3 a pu être prévenu par la NAC et sa progression fut atténuée dans le groupe 4 (p<0,05 versus groupe 2). La présence de la dysfonction endothéliale a été confirmée chez le groupe 2, tel qu’illustré par une diminution significative des relaxations maximales à la 5-HT et à la BK comparativement au groupe témoin. Le traitement à la NAC a significativement potentialisé les relaxations maximales (p<0,05) induites par la sérotonine et par la bradykinine, chez les deux groupes traités. Cette amélioration des relaxations dépendantes de l’endothélium peut être la conséquence d’une augmentation significative (p<0,05) de la biodisponibilité du monoxyde d’azote pour les cellules musculaires lisses, tel que suggéré par l’augmentation du ratio nitrites/nitrates et de la production basale de GMPc chez les groupes 3 et 4 comparativement au groupe 2. Cette augmentation du facteur relaxant peut résulter d’une augmentation de sa production par les cellules endothéliales ou d’une diminution de sa neutralisation par les espèces réactives oxygénées. De fait, les concentrations d’hydroperoxydes lipidiques étaient significativement inférieures (p<0,05) et associées à une augmentation des concentrations de l’antioxydant glutathion réduit et de l’activité de la peroxydase du glutathion chez les deux groupes traités par rapport au groupe 2. Conclusion: Le traitement à la NAC prévient le développement de la dysfonction endothéliale coronaire ainsi que l’HVG qui lui est associée.