Effects of monocrotaline on energy metabolism in the rat liver

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Cytotoxicity of monocrotaline in isolated rat hepatocytes: Effects of dithiothreitol and fructose

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

The role of mitochondria and biotransformation in abamectin-induced cytotoxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes

Abamectin (ABA), which belongs to the family of avermectins, is used as a parasiticide; however, ABA poisoning can impair liver function. In a previous study using isolated rat liver mitochondria, we observed that ABA inhibited the activity of adenine nucleotide translocator and FoF1-ATPase. The aim of this study was to characterize the mechanism of ABA toxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes and to evaluate whether this effect is dependent on its metabolism. The toxicity of ABA was assessed by monitoring oxygen consumption and mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular ATP concentration, cell viability, intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, release of cytochrome c, caspase 3 activity and necrotic cell death. ABA reduces cellular respiration in cells energized with glutamate and malate or succinate. The hepatocytes that were previously incubated with proadifen, a cytochrome P450 inhibitor, are more sensitive to the compound as observed by a rapid decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential accompanied by reductions in ATP concentration and cell viability and a disruption of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis followed by necrosis. Our results indicate that ABA biotransformation reduces its toxicity, and its toxic action is related to the inhibition of mitochondrial activity, which leads to decreased synthesis of ATP followed by cell death. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.

Propolis and its constituent caffeic acid suppress LPS-stimulated pro-inflammatory response by blocking NF-κB and MAPK activation in macrophages

Ethnopharmacological relevance Propolis is a bee product with numerous biological and pharmacological properties, such as immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities. It has been used in folk medicine as a healthy drink and in food to improve health and prevent inflammatory diseases. However, little is known about its mechanism of action. Thus, the goal of this study was to verify the antioxidant activity and to explore the anti-inflammatory properties of propolis by addressing its intracellular mechanism of action. Caffeic acid was investigated as a possible compound responsible for propolis action. Materials and methods The antioxidant properties of propolis and caffeic acid were evaluated by using the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH) scavenging method. To analyze the anti-inflammatory activity, Raw 264.7 macrophages were treated with different concentrations of propolis or caffeic acid, and nitric oxide (NO) production, a strong pro-inflammatory mediator, was evaluated by the Griess reaction. The concentrations of propolis and caffeic acid that inhibited NO production were evaluated on intracellular signaling pathways triggered during inflammation, namely p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK1/2), the transcription nuclear factor (NF)-κB and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), through Western blot using specific antibodies. A possible effect of propolis on the cytotoxicity of hepatocytes was also evaluated, since this product can be used in human diets. Results Caffeic acid showed a higher antioxidant activity than propolis extract. Propolis and caffeic acid inhibited NO production in macrophages, at concentrations without cytotoxicity. Furthermore, both propolis and caffeic acid suppressed LPS-induced signaling pathways, namely p38 MAPK, JNK1/2 and NF-κB. ERK1/2 was not affected by propolis extract and caffeic acid. In addition, propolis and caffeic acid did not induce hepatotoxicity at concentrations with strong anti-inflammatory potential. Conclusions Propolis exerted an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action and caffeic acid may be involved in its inhibitory effects on NO production and intracellular signaling cascades, suggesting its use as a natural source of safe anti-inflammatory drugs. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Efeitos da rifampicina na farmacocinética e hepatotoxicidade da isoniazida

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Influência da pirazinamida na farmacocinética da isoniazida associada ou não à rifampicina

Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas - FCFAR

Efeitos de lantadenos sobre a bioenergética em mitocôndrias isoladas de fígado de rato

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estudo químico-farmacológico de Operculina macrocarpa (L.) urb. (Convolvulaceae)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Alterações hepáticas por exposição a baixas doses de metilmercúrio em macacos prego, Cebus apella (Linnaeus 1758)

Cebus apella foram expostos a 1,5 ppm de metilmércurio (metilHg) na dieta por 120 dias. Foi investigado a hepatotoxicidade do metilHg, as concentrações no sangue total foram monitoradas a cada 30 dias usando espectrofotômetro de absorção atômica a vapor frio Hg201, as transaminases (ALT e AST) e bilirrubina total (BT) foram dosadas no decorrer da exposição. O fígado foi fixado com formaldeido 10%, e preparado por protocolos da histopatologia. Foi observada diferença significativa entre os grupos exposto e controle, quanto aos níveis de Hgtotal, nos períodos de 60, 90 (P < 0,05) e 120 dias (P < 0,01). A histopatologia revelou esteatose moderada e degeneração hidrópica, um achado comum em exposição ao metilmercúrio em muitas outras espécies. Não foi observada diferença significativa entre os níveis de AST (p= 0.38), ALT (p= 0.83) e BT (p= 0.07) do grupo controle e exposto. A correlação de Pearson com Hgtotal demonstrou correlação negativa ( AST r= -0,7; ALT r=0,07; BT r= -0,3 e p > 0,05), o que sugere a necessidade de novos estudos para esclarecer o nível de alerta da concentração de mercúrio e das dosagens hepáticas.

Colonização de cateteres venosos centrais por biofilme microbiano

Pós-graduação em Biociências e Biotecnologia Aplicadas à Farmácia - FCFAR

Influência do consumo do café (com e sem cafeína) ou da cafeína isolada sobre a fibrose e a promoção da hepatocarcinogênese química em ratos Wistar machos

Pós-graduação em Patologia - FMB

Formulação e caracterização físico-química e biofarmacêutica de microemulsões lipídicas contendo doxorrubicina

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Participação hepática e efeito glicocorticoide na resposta inflamatória aguda induzida por Aeromonas hydrophila em tilápia do Nilo, intoxicada por CCl4

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Desenvolvimento e caracterização de sistemas líquido-cristalinos para aplicação tópica de metotrexato: estudos de liberação, retenção e permeação in vitro

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Tepoxalin on renal function and liver enzymes in cats exposed to hypotension with isoflurane

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)