Effects of Proactive and Retroactive Augmented Information on Physiological Responses in Learning a Novel Motor Skill

Previous research has demonstrated superior learning by participants presented with augmented task information retroactively versus proactively (Patterson & Lee, 2008; 2010). Theoretical explanations of these findings are related to the cognitive effort invested by participants during motor skill acquisition. The present study extended previous research by utilizing the physiological index, power spectral analysis of heart rate variability, previously shown to be sensitive to the degree of cognitive effort invested during the performance of a motor task (e.g., increase cognitive effort results in increased LF/HF ratio). Participants were required to learn 18 different key-pressing sequences. As expected, the proactive condition demonstrated superior RS during acquisition, with the retroactive condition demonstrating superior RS during retention. Measures of LF/HF ratio indicated the retroactive participants were investing significantly less cognitive effort in the retention period compared to the proactive participants (p< .05) as a function of learning.

Geographical Applications for Sound Walks

Geography has long been a predominantly visual discipline, but recent work in geography has sought to explore the multisensory, embodied, emotional and affective dimensions of people’s relations with places. One way to engage this type of exploration is through the use of sound walks: walks along a specified route accompanied by a soundtrack (on headphones or stationary speakers) that conveys information, enacts a story, produces an ambience or atmosphere, or illuminates certain aspects of the environment through which the listener is walking. This thesis aims to show how geographers can benefit from using sound walks as thinking tools, representational tools and teaching tools. Drawing on my own experiences producing sound walks, I first examine the ways that sound walk production processes help generate productive geographical thinking for those producing sound walks (Chapter Two). The various stages of producing a sound walk require different skill sets, pose different challenges, and require different sorts of environmental awareness, and therefore present novel opportunities for developing geographical insights about specific places or spatial relations. Second, I focus on four experientially-oriented aspects of sound walks – using multiple senses, walking, contingency, and moments of interaction – to argue that sound walks can be useful representational tools for geographers, whether those creating sound walks subscribe to a representational or non-representational theory of knowledge (Chapter Three). The value of sound walks as representational tools is in the experience of ‘doing’ them. That is, audiences discover for themselves through interaction what is being represented, rather than having it delivered to them. The experiential elements of ‘doing’ sound walks recommend them as potentially helpful representational tools for geographers. Third, by examining the work of a small sample of fourth year “Advanced Geography of Music” students, I develop the argument that sound walks can be effective tools for teaching students and for creating circumstances for students to learn independently (Chapter Four). Sound walks have potential to be effective pedagogical tools because they are commensurate with several key pedagogical schools of thought that emphasise the importance of requiring students to engage actively with their environment using a combination of senses. The thesis demonstrates that sound walks are a worthwhile resource for geographers to use theoretically, representationally and pedagogically in their work. The next step is for geographers to put them into practice and realize this potential.

Immigrant Returns to Education and Experience: Analysis of Skill Discounting in Canada.

Rapport de recherche

Economics of Human Resource Planning With Special Reference to Higher Education in Kerala

Ongoing changes in global economic structure along information revolution have produced an environment where knowledge and skills or education and training are considered increasingly valued commodities. This is based on the simple notion that nation’s economic progress is linked to education and training. This idea is embodied in the theory of human capital, according to which the knowledge and skill found in labour represents valuable resources for the market. Thus the important assumptions of the Human capital theory are 910 Human capital is an investment for future (2) More training and education leads to better work skills (3) Educational institutions play a central role in the development of human capital(4) the technological revolution is often cited as the most pressing reason why education and knowledge are becoming valuable economic commodities . The objectives of the present study are, the investment and institutional or structural framework of higher education in Kerala, the higher education market and the strengths and weakness of supply demand conditions , cost and the benefits of higher education in Kerala , impact of recent policy changes in higher education,need for expanding higher education market to solve the grave problem of Un employment on the basis of as systematic manpower planning and the higher education and its association with income and employment.

Skill shortages en Asturias : desajuste de cualificaciones y propuestas de acción.

1) Analizar las destrezas necesarias y comprobar si éstas forman parte del inventario regional de cualificaciones. 2) Informar de las necesidades cambiantes de destrezas promoviendo un acercamiento entre oferta y demanda. 3) Difundir información acerca de la situación actual de otras regiones europeas y de las técnicas de análisis e intervención que utilizan. 4) Obtener información acerca del grado de conocimiento e imagen que los jóvenes tienen de estos sectores y ocupaciones. 12 expertos en Economía regional. 69 empresas y 24 centros de formación referidos a los sectores y ocupaciones objeto de estudio: sector Construcción, Metal, Turismo y Químico, ocupación soldador, mantenimiento, y agente de desarrollo local. 8 aulas de octavo de EGB de Gijón, Oviedo, cuencas mineras y zona rural. El modelo teórico seguido es la 'Typology of skill shortages' de Van der Vendel en el que aparecen seis tipos de problemas o discrepancias entre demanda y oferta: desequilibrios absolutos y relativos, problemas de ruptura o desfases, distribución, utilización y contenido. Se miden diversos factores de las ocupaciones y los sectores. Entrevista semi-estructurada. 4 cuestionarios 'ad hoc' para estudiar: sectores, ocupaciones, centros de formación y organizaciones de desarrollo regional. Análisis de contenido mediante categorización y análisis de frecuencia. Análisis de sectores y ocupaciones: 1) todos estos sectores han sufrido importantes cambios en las dos últimas décadas debido al impacto de las nuevas tecnologías; 2) todos adolecen de importantes y claros desequilibrios en el mercado de cualificaciones afectándoles negativamente la desaparición del antiguo sistema de aprendices; 3) todos encuentran problemas a la hora de cubrir vacantes de las ocupaciones tradicionales; 4) frente al sector de la Construcción y del Metal que en los últimos años ha sufrido una mayor especialización en su mano de obra, los sectores Turismo y Químico cuentan con un nivel muy alto de polivalencia. Estudio en EGB: 1) un porcentaje elevado manifiesta su intención de continuar estudios de BUP; 2) existe un amplio desconocimiento del mundo industrial; 3) los sectores estudiados les atraen poco; 4) el sexo y los factores socioeconómicos influyen en sus preferencias vocacionales. Se reafirma la hipótesis de que los desequilibrios apuntados tienen un origen social claro. Para solucionar éstos, se apuntan una serie de pautas de acción como: reformar la formación profesional, realizar una selección coherente y estricta del alumnado de FP, llevar a cabo un plan de marketing que recupere la imagen y valoración social de la FP, incrementar el impacto de la figura del orientador, etc.

Embodied Autonomy in Digital Ecosystems: From Bio-Inspired Agents to Cognitive Systems

This paper proposes to promote autonomy in digital ecosystems so that it provides agents with information to improve the behavior of the digital ecosystem in terms of stability. This work proposes that, in digital ecosystems, autonomous agents can provide fundamental services and information. The final goal is to run the ecosystem, generate novel conditions and let agents exploit them. A set of evaluation measures must be defined as well. We want to provide an outline of some global indicators, such as heterogeneity and diversity, and establish relationships between agent behavior and these global indicators to fully understand interactions between agents, and to understand the dependence and autonomy relations that emerge between the interacting agents. Individual variations, interaction dependencies, and environmental factors are determinants of autonomy that would be considered. The paper concludes with a discussion of situations when autonomy is a milestone

Study skill levels podcast

A short podcast for students decribing academic writing levels.

LV CHEN's (25076027)research skill presentation slides

LV CHEN's (25076027)research skill presentation slides

RESEARCH SKILL

RESEARCH PROPOSAL FOR AMERICAN APPAREL

The role of parental investments for cognitive and noncognitive skill formation : evidence for the first 11 years of life. 'El papel de la influencia de los padres en el desarrollo cognitivo y la formación de habilidades cognitivas : evidencias de los primeros 11 años de vida'.

Resumen basado en el de la publicación

Skill in English 3G.

Este recurso ofrece una cobertura completa del currículo nacional inglés y de los objetivos para la enseñanza del inglés en la etapa 3 (Key Stage 3). La obra está estructurada en unidades agrupadas en bloques para ayudar al alumno a desarrollar lectura, escritura, conversación y comprensión. El material de lectura a menudo va acompañado de instrucciones, anotaciones y comentarios.