Perfil dos alunos usuários de lentes de contato do curso de Medicina da Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Botucatu

OBJETIVO: Analisar o perfil dos usuários de lentes de contato entre os estudantes de medicina da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu da Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Botucatu (SP), quanto à ametropia, à aquisição, aos cuidados e às complicações. MÉTODOS: Foi aplicado um questionário aos alunos do 1º ao 6º ano de Medicina da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu da Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP - Botucatu (SP), perfazendo um estudo analítico transversal. RESULTADOS: Foram 566 entrevistados. Destes, 155 (27,4%) usavam lente de contato. Das lentes de contato usadas, 94,8% eram gelatinosas, e em 98,7% o grau era negativo. O descarte dessas lentes era mensal em 46,9% dos entrevistados e 63,9% a utilizavam, em média, 14 horas/dia. Faziam aquisição da lente de contato em óptica ou farmácia 14,1% dos estudantes. Faziam a higiene ao colocá-las e ao retirá-las dos olhos, 46,5%. As complicações referentes aos olhos vermelhos eram 51,0%; 44,5%, embaçamento; e 42,6%, sensação de corpo estranho, além de 4 estudantes relatarem ceratite. CONCLUSÕES: A maioria dos alunos utilizava lentes hidrofílicas, descarte mensal e grau negativo. A adaptação inadequada, aquisição de lentes de contato em ópticas ou farmácias e complicações graves ocorreram, mesmo nos usuários socioculturalmente considerados diferenciados. em vista disso, demanda a extrema necessidade de maior atenção na abordagem do tema em questão, a fim de prevenir o comprometimento visual permanente.

Perfil da clientela de um programa de pronto-atendimento psicológico a estudantes universitários

Pesquisas indicam que a caracterização da clientela de clínicas-escola de Psicologia fornece elementos para o aprimoramento dos serviços oferecidos. O presente estudo propõe-se a traçar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico dos usuários do Programa de Pronto-Atendimento Psicológico ao Aluno da UNESP/Assis. Os dados indicam que a maioria dos usuários era ingressante na universidade, oriunda do curso de Psicologia, com idade entre 19 e 22 anos, do gênero feminino, não exercia atividade profissional remunerada, apresentava dificuldades psicológicas moderadas e foi encaminhada para psicoterapia. Tal caracterização subsidiou a implementação de mudanças nos serviços já existentes e a criação de novas modalidades de atendimento.

A formação da identidade do médico: implicações para o ensino de graduação em Medicina

O artigo discute a constituição da identidade do médico tendo como pontos de partida sua escolha e formação profissionais. A partir da experiência das autoras no ensino médico, em especial na disciplina de Psicologia Médica, e da literatura na área são enfocadas: a idealização do papel do médico, as motivações conscientes e inconscientes na opção profissional, as dificuldades dos primeiros anos na escola médica, o início das atividades didáticas no hospital e os mecanismos psicológicos defensivos acionados no contato com pacientes. É muito importante que as Escolas Médicas e seus professores tenham conhecimento desses aspectos, devendo preocupar-se não apenas com questões curriculares e pedagógicas, mas também com o modelo de relação professor-aluno, considerando o seu papel fundamental na formação da identidade médica.

Conhecimento de estudantes de medicina sobre o processo de doacção de córneas

Purpose: To compare knowledge of medical students about the cornea donation process among those who already studied Ophthalmology and the others. Methods: A questionnaire containing data as: age, sex, graduation year, and 10 multiple-choice questions about the subject was applied to medical students from the interior of São Paulo state, Brazil. The questions were: age for donation, contraindication for transplants, the time limit to remove the cornea, among others. The knowledge regarding cornea donation was compared between the two groups: students who already studied Ophthalmology (Group A) and the others (Group B). Results: The study group was composed of 402 students, of whom 140 were of group A and 262 of group B. Knowledge between the two groups was different, but not statistically significant (p=0.8328). Conclusion: Knowledge about the cornea donation process among the interviewed seemed to be insufficient, even those who had studied Ophthalmology. Information and education about transplants in Medical Schools should be improved.

O desenvolvimento de uma escala de atitudes sociais em relação ao trabalho da pessoa com deficiência

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

Competência de juízo moral dos estudantes de medicina: um estudo piloto

The authors conducted a cross-sectional short-term study using Lind's Moral Judgment Test (MJT) to compare the moral judgment competence (C-score) among students in the first and eighth semesters from a medical school in the Northeast region of Brazil. This study also evaluated the influence of such factors as age and gender on moral competence. A difference equal to or greater than 5.0 points (absolute effect-size) on the C-score was considered significant. A regression of moral judgment competence among the students in their eighth semester in relation to the students in the first semester (C-score: 20.5 and 26.2 points, respectively) was observed. In the analysis of the students' performances in terms of MJT dilemmas, the phenomenon of moral segmentation was observed in both semesters, and the students performed better on the worker's dilemma than on the doctor's dilemma. Among students in the same semester of study, older students had lower C-scores. When comparing performance by gender, there was no significant difference between men's and women's C-scores. The finding of regression or stagnation in moral competence among the medical students demands deep reflection by those who work with the political-pedagogical projects of medical schools and by the entire faculty, in order to seek strategies to reverse this condition.

Políticas públicas e vulnerabilidade social: uma reflexão teórica a partir de experiência de estágio

This article provides a theoretical reflection on the relationship between public policies and the social vulnerability of children and adolescents, based on the supervised internship of students of Psychology at UNESP/Campus Assis. The work revealed the need to examine the implications that social vulnerability concepts and public policies have in this area of professional activity. The study indicated the importance of addressing the ways that social vulnerability arises, and suggested possible contributions that psychology could make in the social sphere. The work highlights the need for the future psychologist to deepen his/her knowledge of these issues in order to develop a critical professional attitude that breaks from the approach in which individuals and/or their families are considered responsible for the processes that maintain them at risk.

Effects of consequenses on patterns of interlocked contingencies; A replication of a metacontingency experiment

The concept of metacontingency was taught to undergraduate students of Psychology by using a "game" simulation proposed originally by Vichi, Andery and Glenn (2009). Twenty-five students, distributed into three groups were exposed to six experimental sessions in which they had to make bets and divide the amounts gained. The three groups competed against each other for photocopies quotas. Two contingencies shifted over the sessions. Under Contingency B, the group would win points only if in the previous round each member had received the same amount of points and under Contingency A, winning was contingent on an unequal distribution of the points. We observed that proportional divisions predominated independent of the contingency in course. The manipulation of cultural consequences (winning or losing points) produced consistent modifications in two response categories: 1) choices of the value bet in each round, and 2) divisions of the points among group members. Controlling relations between cultural consequences and the behavior of dividing were statistically significant in one of the groups, whereas in the other two groups controlling relations were observed only in Contingency B. A review of the reinforcement criteria used in the original experiment is suggested.

Coping Style and Depressive Symptomatology during Pregnancy in a Private Setting Sample

Aim: to evaluate the association of antenatal depressive symptomatology (AD) with life events and coping styles, the hypothesis was that certain coping strategies are associated to depressive symptomatology. Methods: we performed a cross sectional study of 312 women attending a private clinic in the city of Osasco, Sao Paulo from 27/05/1998 to 13/05/2002. The following instruments were used: Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Holmes and Rahe Schedule of Recent Events (SSRS), Folkman and Lazarus Ways of Coping Questionnaire and questionnaire with social-demographic and obstetric data. Inclusion criteria: women with 110 past history of depression, psychiatric treatment, alcohol or drug abuse and no clinical-obstetrical complications. Odds ratios and 95% CI were used to examine the association between AD (according to BDI) and exposures variables. Hypothesis testing was done with chi(2) tests and a p value < .05. Results: AD occurred in 21.1% of pregnant women. By the univariate analyses, education, number of pregnancies, previous abortion, husband income, situation of marriage and score of SSRS were associated with AD. All coping styles were associated with AD, except seeking support and positive reappraisal. By the multivariate analyses, four coping styles were kept in the final model: confront (p = .039), accepting responsibility (p < .001), escape-avoidance (p = .002), problem-solving (p = .005). Conclusions: AD was highly prevalent and was associated with maladaptive coping styles.

Identifying Distinct Quitting Trajectories after an Unassisted Smoking Cessation Attempt: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study

Objectives: This study aimed at identifying distinct quitting trajectories over 29 days after an unassisted smoking ces- sation attempt by ecological momentary assessment (EMA). In order to validate these trajectories we tested if they predict smoking frequency up to six months later. Methods: EMA via mobile phones was used to collect real time data on smoking (yes/no) after an unassisted quit attempt over 29 days. Smoking frequency one, three and six months after the quit attempt was assessed with online questionnaires. Latent class growth modeling was used to analyze the data of 230 self-quitters. Results: Four different quitting trajectories emerged: quitter (43.9%), late quitter (11.3%), returner (17%) and persistent smoker (27.8%). The quitting trajectories predicted smoking frequency one, three and six months after the quit attempt (all p < 0.001). Conclusions: Outcome after a smoking cessation attempt is better described by four distinct trajectories instead of a binary variable for abstinence or relapse. In line with the relapse model by Marlatt and Gordon, late quitter may have learned how to cope with lapses during one month after the quitting attempt. This group would have been allocated to the relapse group in traditional outcome studies.

Student lecture notes on the Theory & Practice of Physic, and patient case histories, of Lyman Spalding, 1795-1799 (inclusive)

Contains notes taken by Harvard student Lyman Spalding from lectures delivered by Hersey Professor of the Theory and Practice of Physic Benjamin Waterhouse (1754-1846) in 1795. The notes cover the history of medicine, theories of contemporary physicians like Herman Boerhaave, William Cullen, and John Brown, and topics like fetal growth, digestion, and circulation. The volume also contains six pages of patient case notes from Spalding’s medical practice in Walpole, New Hampshire, in 1799, which detail the patients’ symptoms and course of treatment he pursued. In the case of a young man who complained of pain in his breast following a wrestling match, Spalding bled him and prescribed a cathartic of soap and aloes. Spalding also operated on a man who cut off part of his ankle with an ax.

Notebook of Moses Appleton, 1794-1837 (inclusive)

Contains notes taken by Moses Appleton (1773-1849) on anatomy lectures delivered at Harvard by John Warren (1753-1815). Other lecture topics included midwifery and surgery. Also includes a transcript of an examination given by Warren to his students on anatomy and surgery, as well as exams given by Harvard Professor Benjamin Waterhouse (1754-1846) and Harvard Professor Aaron Dexter (1750-1829) on the theory and practice of physic, and chemistry, respectively. There are additionally patient case notes and transcriptions of notes and correspondence from physicians Appleton consulted, and a list of operations Appleton performed between 1796 and 1828, primarily repairing dislocated joints and fractured bones. Also includes obituaries of citizens of Waterville, Maine, from 1807 to 1837.

Student notebook of Benjamin Waterhouse: 1776

Volume containing notes taken in 1776 by Benjamin Waterhouse (1754-1846) on medical lectures given in Scotland by University of Edinburgh Professor Andrew Duncan (1744-1828). The lectures focused on pathology, with attention given to secretion, absorption, nutrition, excretion, circulation, and respiration. There are also notes on common medicines and their indications and contraindications, such as emetics, cathartics, diaphoretics, and diuretics.

Mr. Cline's lectures on anatomy & surgery, 1799-1800 (inclusive)

Volume containing notes on the lectures of Henry Cline (1750-1827), a surgeon at St. Thomas's Hospital, London, England, that were kept by American medical student John Collins Warren in 1799 and 1800. The lectures were on topics including blood, blood vessels, absorbents, cellular membranes, and the nerves. There are annotations in pencil in an unknown hand throughout the volume.

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