I/O级网络通信程序设计

以微机操作 CAMAC设备为例讲述了实现 I/ O级网络通信的具体过程和步骤 .首先在单机环境下完成了 CAMAC设备接口程序的设计 ;然后在选用 TCP/ IP协议的条件下 ,利用Windows sockets技术实现 Windows环境下的 I/ O级网络通信 ,其中参与网络通信的程序双方是以客户机和服务器的形式存在的

FASCIOLA-HEPATICA - TEGUMENTAL SURFACE CHANGES IN ADULT AND JUVENILE FLUKES FOLLOWING TREATMENT IN-VITRO WITH THE SULFOXIDE METABOLITE OF TRICLABENDAZOLE (FASINEX)

The effects of the novel benzimidazole, triclabendazole (Fasinex, Ciba-Geigy), in its active sulphoxide metabolite form (TCBZ-SX), on the tegumental surface of Fasciola hepatica has been examined in vitro. The tegument of adult flukes incubated in TCBZ-SX (50 mug/ml) appeared swollen and blebbed after only 6 h. In addition, progressive spine loss at the oral cone was evident following 12 h treatment. After 24 h, the tegumental syncytium and spines had completely sloughed away, leaving an exposed basal lamina and empty spine sockets. Juvenile flukes (3 weeks old) also demonstrated tegumental alterations after treatment with TCBZ-SX (20 mug/ml). The syncytium became extremely roughened and corrugated on both dorsal and ventral surfaces after only 3 h. Following 6- and 9-h incubations, there were many deep furrows, which were especially pronounced on the ventral surface, and by 18 h, the juvenile tegument was severely disrupted, especially on the ventral surface. In all cases, the effects were more marked than in the previous incubation periods. The results confirm the potent activity of triclabendazole against F. hepatica and suggest that the tegument of adult and juvenile flukes may be a target organ for this important fasciolicide.

Methods and Metrics for Fair Server Assessment under Real-Time Financial Workloads

We present a rigorous methodology and new metrics for fair comparison of server and microserver platforms. Deploying our methodology and metrics, we compare a microserver with ARM cores against two servers with ×86 cores running the same real-time financial analytics workload. We define workload-specific but platform-independent performance metrics for platform comparison, targeting both datacenter operators and end users. Our methodology establishes that a server based on the Xeon Phi co-processor delivers the highest performance and energy efficiency. However, by scaling out energy-efficient microservers, we achieve competitive or better energy efficiency than a power-equivalent server with two Sandy Bridge sockets, despite the microserver's slower cores. Using a new iso-QoS metric, we find that the ARM microserver scales enough to meet market throughput demand, that is, a 100% QoS in terms of timely option pricing, with as little as 55% of the energy consumed by the Sandy Bridge server.

Controlo e monitorização de um sistema de Auto-Pull

Esta dissertação descreve o estudo do controlo e da monitorização de um sistema de autopull, bem como o estudo da implementação de um destes sistemasnuma área de negócio. Inicialmente, de modo a percecionar as melhores opções a tomar para a realização deste projeto foram estudadas duas redes de comunicação locais, redes Ethernet e redes CAN, tendo-se optado pelas redes Ethernet, sendo as razões que determinaram esta escolha explanadas no desenvolvimento do relatório. Após ter sido selecionada a rede que foi utilizada, foram estudados os requisitos do sistema e procuradas no mercado soluções que os satisfaçam. Para a comunicação em tempo real foram utilizadas Web Sockets e para a utilização destas,foi necessário um servidor de Web Sockets, tendo a escolha recaídosobre onodejs. Posteriormente, foi elaborada uma interface gráfica que permitiu a criação de um sistema inteligente que auxilia os clientes do espaço a efetuarem pedidos bem como a chamarem os funcionários, não necessitando de passar os longos tempos de espera que normalmenteestão associados a estes espaços. Posto isto, foi realizado um website que deverá apresentar o espaço, os próximos eventos a realizar e outras informações importantes. Este sistema torna-se uma mais-valia para a divulgação da tecnologia implementada e para a divulgação dos espaços que eventualmente venham a adotar um sistema análogo. De seguida foi efetuado um plano de negócios, simulando um espaço físico que eventualmente implementasse esta tecnologia. Para tal, foi estudada a envolvente externa e interna em que este negócio estaria inserido, as políticas de marketing que deveriam ser seguidas e ainda um plano financeiro que descrevesse o investimento, as vendas esperadas e todos os restantes componentes económicos do projeto. Por último foram tecidas as principais conclusões inerentes ao projeto desenvolvido e analisadas as possibilidades de melhorias futuras.

Letter - List of Surveying Equipment

Letter containing a handwritten list of prices for items such as tripods and sockets sent to Mr. S.D. Woodruff from Troughton and Simms of Fleet Street, London, England, Feb.23, 1846.

Echtzeitsimulation großer Grafikmodelle

Die vorliegende Arbeit entstand während meiner Zeit als wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter im Fachgebiet Technische Informatik an der Universität Kassel. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit werden der Entwurf und die Implementierung eines Cluster-basierten verteilten Szenengraphen gezeigt. Bei der Implementierung des verteilten Szenengraphen wurde von der Entwicklung eines eigenen Szenengraphen abgesehen. Stattdessen wurde ein bereits vorhandener Szenengraph namens OpenSceneGraph als Basis für die Entwicklung des verteilten Szenengraphen verwendet. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde eine Clusterunterstützung in den vorliegenden OpenSceneGraph integriert. Bei der Erweiterung des OpenSceneGraphs wurde besonders darauf geachtet den vorliegenden Szenengraphen möglichst nicht zu verändern. Zusätzlich wurde nach Möglichkeit auf die Verwendung und Integration externer Clusterbasierten Softwarepakete verzichtet. Für die Verteilung des OpenSceneGraphs wurde auf Basis von Sockets eine eigene Kommunikationsschicht entwickelt und in den OpenSceneGraph integriert. Diese Kommunikationsschicht wurde verwendet um Sort-First- und Sort-Last-basierte Visualisierung dem OpenSceneGraph zur Verfügung zu stellen. Durch die Erweiterung des OpenScenGraphs um die Cluster-Unterstützung wurde eine Ansteuerung beliebiger Projektionssysteme wie z.B. einer CAVE ermöglicht. Für die Ansteuerung einer CAVE wurden mittels VRPN diverse Eingabegeräte sowie das Tracking in den OpenSceneGraph integriert. Durch die Anbindung der Geräte über VRPN können diese Eingabegeräte auch bei den anderen Cluster-Betriebsarten wie z.B. einer segmentierten Anzeige verwendet werden. Die Verteilung der Daten auf den Cluster wurde von dem Kern des OpenSceneGraphs separat gehalten. Damit kann eine beliebige OpenSceneGraph-basierte Anwendung jederzeit und ohne aufwendige Modifikationen auf einem Cluster ausgeführt werden. Dadurch ist der Anwender in seiner Applikationsentwicklung nicht behindert worden und muss nicht zwischen Cluster-basierten und Standalone-Anwendungen unterscheiden.

Skript Interprozesskommunikation

Das hier frei verfügbare Skript gehört zu einer gleichnamigen Vorlesung, die von Prof. Dr. Lutz Wegner bis zum Sommersemester 2007 gehalten wurde. Davor lief sie bis 1999 unter dem etwas irreführenden Titel „Ausgewählte Themen zu Rechnernetzen“. Behandelt wird die IPC in UNIX-basierten Rechnernetzen. Dazu gehören allgemeine Kenntnisse der Prozessumgebung, die fork- und exec-Systemaufrufe, Lock Files, Signale, Pipes, das Botschaftenkonzept (message queues), Semaphore, Shared Memory, Remote Procedure Calls, Sockets und Threads. Jedes Konzept wird mit kleinen Beispielen besprochen, die in C geschrieben sind. Der Quelltext liegt auf unseren Anlagen vor (für AIX, LINUX, Solaris). Grundlage der Vorlesung und des Skripts ist das ausgezeichnete Buch von John Shapley Gray „Interprocess Communications in UNIX“ aus dem Jahr 1998 bzw. die auf Linux angepasste Auflage desselben Buches „Interprocess Communications in LINUX“ aus dem Jahr 2003.

Comparison of white metal and resin socket terminations for wire ropes

Previously the authors have presented both theoretical and experimental work discussing the operating mechanism of a wire rope held in a tapered socket by means of a cast resin cone. The work reported here extends the investigation to address the question of whether the same socket fabricated with white metal operates in the same manner. To date, previous investigations have compared the operational efficiency of resin and white metal in terms of both strength and/or fatigue endurance. Some other work has analysed the operation of resin sockets or specific cast metal terminations. This paper seeks to draw the results from this work together, and, in addition to a theoretical analysis, presents experimental data obtained from a direct comparison of the operation mechanism for the same sockets filled with resin or white metal. Results show that white metal terminations have a very different distribution of stresses along the length of the socket basket from resin terminations, and a smaller but still significant amount of socket draw. For both types of termination the socket draw develops high frictional gripping forces which can transfer the load from the rope to the socket. The different stress distributions mean that the consequences of termination fabrication defects may not be the same for resin and white metal terminations.

Collagen membranes at immediate implants: a histomorphometric study in dogs

Aim To evaluate the influence of resorbable membranes on hard tissue alterations and osseointegration at implants placed into extraction sockets in a dog model. Material and methods In the mandibular premolar region, implants were installed immediately into the extraction sockets of six Labrador dogs. Collagen-resorbable membranes were placed at the test sites, while the control sites were left uncovered. Implants were intended to heal in a submerged mode. After 4 months of healing, the animals were sacrificed, and ground sections were obtained for histomorphometric evaluation. Results After 4 months of healing, a control implant was not integrated (n=5). Both at the test and at the control sites, bone resorption occurred. While the most coronal bone-to-implant contact was similar between the test and the control sites, the alveolar bone crest outline was maintained to a higher degree at the buccal aspect of the test sites (loss: 1.7 mm) compared with the control sites (loss: 2.2 mm). Conclusions The use of collagen-resorbable membranes at implants immediately placed into extraction sockets contributed to a partial (23%) preservation of the buccal outline of the alveolar process. To cite this article:Caneva M, Botticelli D, Salata LA, Souza SLS, Carvalho Cardoso L, Lang NP. Collagen membranes at immediate implants: a histomorphometric study in dogs.Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 891-897.doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.01946.x.

Magnesium-enriched hydroxyapatite at immediate implants: a histomorphometric study in dogs

Aim To evaluate the influence of magnesium-enriched hydroxyapatite (MHA) (SintLife (R)) on bone contour preservation and osseointegration at implants placed immediately into extraction sockets. Material and methods In the mandibular pre-molar region, implants were installed immediately into extraction sockets of six Labrador dogs. MHA was placed at test sites, while the control sites did not receive augmentation materials. Implants were intended to heal in a submerged mode. After 4 months of healing, the animals were sacrificed, and ground sections were obtained for histomorphometric evaluation. Results After 4 months of healing, one control implant was not integrated leaving n=5 test and control implants for evaluation. Both at the test and the control sites, bone resorption occurred. While the most coronal bone-to-implant contact was similar between test and control sites, the alveolar bony crest outline was maintained to a higher degree at the buccal aspect of the test sites (loss: 0.7 mm) compared with the control sites (loss: 1.2 mm), even though this difference did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions The use of MHA to fill the defect around implants placed into the alveolus immediately after tooth extraction did not contribute significantly to the maintenance of the contours of the buccal alveolar bone crest. To cite this article:Caneva M, Botticelli D, Stellini E, Souza SLS, Salata LA, Lang NP. Magnesium-enriched hydroxyapatite at immediate implants: a histomorphometric study in dogs.Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 22, 2011; 512-517doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.02040.x.

Ridge Preservation With Acellular Dermal Matrix and Anorganic Bone Matrix Cell-Binding Peptide P-15 After Tooth Extraction in Humans

Background: Preventing ridge collapse with the extraction of maxillary anterior teeth is vital to an esthetic restorative result. Several regenerative techniques are available and are used for socket preservation. The aim of this study is to analyze by clinical parameters the use of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) and anorganic bovine bone matrix (ABM) with synthetic cell-binding peptide P-15 to preserve alveolar bone after tooth extraction. Methods: Eighteen patients in need of extraction of maxillary anterior teeth were selected and randomly assigned to the test group (ADM plus ABM/P-15) or the control group (ADM only). Clinical measurements were recorded initially and at 6 months after ridge-preservation procedures. Results: In the clinical measurements (external vertical palatal measurement [EVPM], external vertical buccal measurement [EVBM], and alveolar horizontal measurement [AHM]) the statistical analysis showed no difference between test and control groups initially and at 6 months. The intragroup analysis, after 6 months, showed a statistically significant reduction in the measurements for both groups. In the comparison between the two groups, the differences in the test group were as follows: EVPM = 0.83 +/- 1.53 mm; EVBM = 1.20 +/- 2.02 mm; and AHM = 2.53 +/- 1.81 mm. The differences in the control group were as follows: EVPM = 0.87 +/- 1.13 mm; EVBM = 1.50 +/- 1.15 mm; and AHM = 3.40 +/- 1.39 mm. The differences in EVPM and EVBM were not statistically significant; however, in horizontal measurement (AHM), there was a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study show that ADM used as membrane associated with ABM/P-15 can be used to reduce buccal-palatal dimensions compared to ADM alone for preservation of the alveolar ridge after extraction of anterior maxillary teeth. J Periodontol 2011;82:72-79.

Flap vs. ""flapless"" surgical approach at immediate implants: a histomorphometric study in dogs

Aim To compare the remodeling of the alveolar process at implants installed immediately into extraction sockets by applying a flap or a ""flapless"" surgical approach in a dog model. Material and methods Implants were installed immediately into the distal alveoli of the second mandibular premolars of six Labrador dogs. In one side of the mandible, a full-thickness mucoperiosteal flap was elevated (control site), while contra-laterally, the mucosa was gently dislocated, but not elevated (test site) to disclose the alveolar crest. After 4 months of healing, the animals were sacrificed, ground sections were obtained and a histomorphometric analysis was performed. Results After 4 months of healing, all implants were integrated (n=6). Both at the test and at the control sites, bone resorption occurred with similar outcomes. The buccal bony crest resorption was 1.7 and 1.5 mm at the control and the test sites, respectively. Conclusions ""Flapless"" implant placement into extraction sockets did not result in the prevention of alveolar bone resorption and did not affect the dimensional changes of the alveolar process following tooth extraction when compared with the usual placement of implants raising mucoperiosteal flaps. To cite this article:Caneva M, Botticelli D, Salata LA, Souza SLS, Bressan E, Lang NP. Flap vs. ""flapless"" surgical approach at immediate implants: a histomorphometric study in dogs.Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 1314-1319.doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2009.01959.x.

Histologic Evaluation of the Buccal and Lingual Bone Plates in Anterior Dog Teeth: Possible Influence on Implant Dentistry

Background: Recent studies in animals have shown pronounced resorption of buccal bone plate after immediate implantation. The sectioning of experimental material for histologic evaluation of the bone plates could provide valuable information about the possible effect of bone exposure in periodontal and implant surgeries. Methods: Twenty-four incisors were collected from dogs. After decalcification, the blocks were immersed in paraffin and bucco-lingual histologic sections were examined under light microscope. Some sections were reserved for immunohistochemical analysis. Results: The bone density, the width of the bone plates, and the percentage of vessels presented in the periodontal ligament and periosteum were analyzed in the buccal and lingual bone plates, which were divided corono-apically into thirds. The buccal bone plates showed statistically higher bone density compared to the lingual bone plates in the coronal thirds. The width of both bone plates increased from the coronal to the apical third, but all the buccal thirds were significantly thinner compared to the lingual thirds. No statistically significant differences were found between the bone plates for the percentage of area occupied by the blood vessels in the periodontal ligament or periosteum. Conclusion: It is reasonable to conclude that the higher bone density, represented by the lower number of marrow spaces, in association with the thinner aspect of the buccal bone plates made them more fragile to absorb compared to the lingual bone plates, especially during mucoperiosteal procedures. J Periodontol 2017;82:872-877.

Cladistic analysis of the Stygninae and description of a new species of Protimesius Roewer, 1913 (Opiliones: Stygnidae)

A new species of Stygnidae is described from the state of Bahia, Brazil. Protimesius bahiensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from the remaining species of the genus by the combination of: male femur IV unarmed and cylindrical; male patella IV with a row of large dorsal acute tubercles, increasing in size distally and male tibia IV with one mesodistal tubercle; ventral plate of the penis with three pairs of distal curved setae and one pair of intermediate setae, smaller than the rest. A cladistic analysis of the subfamily is presented. Stygninae is divided in two groups of genera: (Ricstygnus, Stygnus, Sickesia), with a wide distribution and (Pickeliana (Protimesius (Phareus (Stenophareus (Auranus (Verrucastygnus, Stenostygnoides)))))), associated to the Guiana Shield, Amazon basin and Northeastern Brazil. The monophyly of Protimesius is supported by the apex of pedipalpal tibia sockets bifid (homoplastically present in Verrucastygnus and Stenostygnoides) and by the presence of scopulae with non-spatulated hairs.

Avaliação de abordagens para captura de informações da aplicação

Numerosas pesquisas estão introduzindo o conceito de grupo em padrões abertos para programação distribuída. Nestas, o suporte a grupo de objetos por meio de middlewares, apresentam diferentes abordagens de interligação com a aplicação. Segundo princípios defendidos na tese de Felber, essas abordagens vão ao encontro do objetivo de facilitar o desenvolvimento e proporcionar confiabilidade e desempenho. Neste contexto, localizou-se três enfoques básicos para a interligação com a aplicação, denominados integração, serviço, e interceptação, que utilizam a captura de mensagens para obtenção de informações ou como meio para adicionar novas funcionalidades às aplicações. A utilização dessas informações pode auxiliar no ajuste de parâmetros funcionais de serviços relacionados, na escolha de mecanismos, influindo em aspectos como, desempenho e segurança. Ao longo do estudo dessas abordagens, sentiu-se a necessidade de estudar detalhes e testar aspectos de implementação, suas premissas de uso e as conseqüências advindas da incorporação de seus mecanismos junto à aplicação. Este trabalho visa apresentar uma análise do comportamento das referidas abordagens por meio da implementação de protótipos, possibilitando assim, investigar problemas relacionados ao emprego da técnica e suas conseqüências quando integradas à aplicação. Os objetivos específicos reúnem a busca de informações qualitativas, tais como: modularidade, transparência, facilidade de uso e portabilidade; e informações quantitativas, fundamentalmente traduzidas pelo grau de interferência no desempenho da aplicação. O desenvolvimento dos protótipos teve como início a busca por um ambiente que ofereceria suporte as condições necessárias para a implementação das diferentes abordagens. Percebeu-se que definir os mecanismos diretamente sobre uma linguagem de programação, como C ou C++, não era viável. As versões padrões dessas linguagens não oferecem mecanismos capazes de suportar algumas características de implementação como, por exemplo, a captura de mensagens na abordagem de interceptação. A possibilidade é introduzida apenas por extensões dessas linguagens. Assim, a investigação de um ambiente de implementação voltou-se para mecanismos disponíveis em sistemas operacionais. A opção pela utilização do Linux visou atender alguns requisitos importantes para o desenvolvimento dos protótipos tais como: facilidade de instalação, boa documentação e código aberto. Este último é um ponto essencial, pois a construção de parte dos protótipos explora a programação em nível do sistema operacional. A linguagem de programação C foi escolhida como base para a implementação, já que as diferentes abordagens exploram tanto o nível do kernel como o nível do usuário, e é compatível com o Linux. A etapa de desenvolvimento dos protótipos possibilitou a coleta de informações sobre aspectos qualitativos. As demais informações que fazem parte do perfil levantado por este trabalho sobre as abordagens, foram obtidas através da utilização dos protótipos em experimentos com duas aplicações distribuídas denominadas de “Ping-Pong” e “Escolha de Líderes”, que têm como característica geral à troca de mensagens, utilizando comunicação através de sockets. A realização de medidas em múltiplas execuções, avaliadas após o tratamento estatístico necessário, permitiu definir um perfil das diferentes abordagens.