Pesca exploratoria y experimental con red de cerco artesanal en la Región Tumbes.2005

Se evaluó la utilización de la malla de 50 mm (2”) en redes de cerco artesanal de la Región Tumbes en una pesquería multiespecífica. Se trabajó con una red control de tamaño de malla de 38 mm (1,5”) y la red experimental de 50 mm (2,0”), con un porcentaje de embande de 0,65 y 0,77, respectivamente. Se determinó diferencia entre las curvas de profundidad de calado del cuerpo central de las redes (tc= 46,670, t*= 1,98, p= 0) la red experimental tuvo mayor profundidad de velado; entre las curvas de velocidad de caída del cuerpo central de las redes, hubo diferencia significativa (tc= 7,790, t*= 1,98, p = 0,000), debido al mayor lastre y filtrado de las mallas de la red experimental. El coeficiente abertura horizontal (μ1) de las mallas en la franja superior durante el máximo velado de la red y el gareteo fue en las mallas del cabecero o copo, parte central y ultimo cuerpo de la red, en promedio 0,71; 0,74 y 0,73 respectivamente; (valores cercanos al coeficiente de armado ideal para el escape de ciertos peces fusiformes). El promedio de μ1 obtenidos en la región de las mallas centrales en el cabecero, centro y ultimo cuerpo de la red fue 0,85; 0,85 y 0,84 respectivamente; lo que indicó una mayor abertura horizontal de las mallas por encima del valor del coeficiente de armado que no permitiría el escape de los peces. Se concluyó que por la condición de las mallas de la red de cerco experimental (tamaño de malla 50 mm) no es óptima para gran parte de la estructura de la red, esto no permitiría la selectividad por tamaños.

Reproductive biology of Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758) off Gran Canaria (Canary Islands): a preliminary study

[EN] Preliminary data of the length-weight relationship and reproduction of the bogue Boops boops off Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Central-east Atlantic) are provided. Two thousand and twenty-one individuals of bogue, ranging from 4 to 34 cm TL, were obtained from purse seine commercial landing. Reproduction parameters as sex determination, duration of spawning season, size at first maturity and GSI variation along time were determinated based on macroscopic evaluation of gonads. The results obtained suggest that bogue is a total spawner, with a long spawning season extending from January to May. Size at first maturity was 16.7 and 17.9 cm TL for males and females, respectively. The length-weight relationship obtained showed a positive allometry in both sexes

Preliminary interpretation of growth ring on the otolith of Boops boops off Gran Canaria (Canary Islands)

Máster en Gestión Sostenible de Recursos Pesqueros

Catch and by-catch analyses of tropical tuna fishery in the Gulf of Guinea from 2010 to 2012.

Canned tuna is one of the most widespread and recognizable fish commodities in the world. Over all oceans 80% of the total tuna catches are caught by purse seine fishery and in tropical waters their target species are: yellowfin (Thunnus albacares), bigeye (Thunnus obesus) and skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis). Even if this fishing gear is claimed to be very selective, there are high levels of by-catch especially when operating under Fish Aggregating Devices (FADs). The main problem is underestimation of by-catch data. In order to solve this problem the scientific community has developed many specific programs (e.g. Observe Program) to collect data about both target species and by-catch with observers onboard. The purposes of this study are to estimate the quantity and composition of target species and by-catch by tuna purse seiner fishery operating in tropical waters and to underline a possible seasonal variability in the by-catch ratio (tunas versus by-catch). Data were collected with the French scientific program ”Observe” on board of the French tuna purse seiner “Via Avenir” during a fishing trip in the Gulf of Guinea (C-E Atlantic) from August to September 2012. Furthermore some by-catch specimens have been sampled to obtain more information about size class composition. In order to achieve those purposes we have shared our data with the French Institute of Research for the Development (IRD), which has data collected by observers onboard in the same study area. Yellowfin tuna results to be the main specie caught in all trips considered (around 71% of the total catches) especially on free swimming schools (FSC) sets. Instead skipjack tuna is the main specie caught under FADs. Different percentages of by-catch with the two fishing modes are observed: the by-catch incidence is higher on FADs sets (96.5% of total by-catch) than on FSC sets (3.5%) and the main category of by-catch is little-tuna (73%). When pooling data for both fishing sets used in purse seine fishery the overall by-catch/catch ratio is 5%, a lower level than in other fishing gears like long-lining and trawling.

Effects of climate change on fisheries : from a global to a regional perspective

Tese de doutoramento, Biologia (Biologia Marinha e Aquacultura), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2016

Standardized geo-referenced catch, fishing effort and length-frequency data for the Indian Ocean Bigeye Tuna, Thunnus obesus (1952-2014)

Geo-referenced catch and fishing effort data of the bigeye tuna fisheries in the Indian Ocean over 1952-2014 were analysed and standardized to facilitate population dynamics modelling studies. During this sixty-two years historical period of exploitation, many changes occurred both in the fishing techniques and the monitoring of activity. This study includes a series of processing steps used for standardization of spatial resolution, conversion and standardization of catch and effort units, raising of geo-referenced catch into nominal catch level, screening and correction of outliers, and detection of major catchability changes over long time series of fishing data, i.e., the Japanese longline fleet operating in the tropical Indian Ocean. A total of thirty fisheries were finally determined from longline, purse seine and other-gears data sets, from which 10 longline and four purse seine fisheries represented 96% of the whole historical catch. The geo-referenced records consists of catch, fishing effort and associated length frequency samples of all fisheries.

Estimación del descarte y captura incidental en la pesquería industrial de cerco del stock norte-centro de la anchoveta peruana (Engraulis ringens)

Este estudio presenta la validación de las observaciones que realizó el programa de observación pesquera llamado Programa Bitácoras de Pesca (PBP) durante el periodo 2005 - 2011 en el área de distribución donde operan las embarcaciones industriales de cerco dedicadas a la pesca del stock norte-centro de la anchoveta peruana (Engraulis ringens). Además, durante ese mismo periodo y área de distribución, se estimó la magnitud del descarte por exceso de captura, descarte de juveniles y la captura incidental de dicha pesquera. Se observaron 3 768 viajes de un total de 302 859, representando un porcentaje de 1.2 %. Los datos del descarte por exceso de captura, descarte de juveniles y captura incidental registrados en los viajes observados, se caracterizaron por presentar un alta proporción de ceros. Para la validación de las observaciones, se realizó un estudio de simulación basado en la metodología de Monte Carlo usando un modelo de distribución binomial negativo. Esta permite inferir sobre el nivel de cobertura óptima y conocer si la información obtenida en el programa de observación es contable. De este análisis, se concluye que los niveles de observación actual se deberían incrementar hasta tener un nivel de cobertura de al menos el 10% del total de viajes que realicen en el año las embarcaciones industriales de cerco dedicadas a la pesca del stock norte-centro de la anchoveta peruana. La estimación del descarte por exceso de captura, descarte de juveniles y captura incidental se realizó mediante tres metodologías: Bootstrap, Modelo General Lineal (GLM) y Modelo Delta. Cada metodología estimó distintas magnitudes con tendencias similares. Las magnitudes estimadas fueron comparadas usando un ANOVA Bayesiano, la cual muestra que hubo escasa evidencia que las magnitudes estimadas del descarte por exceso de captura por metodología sean diferentes, lo mismo se presentó para el caso de la captura incidental, mientras que para el descarte de juveniles mostró que hubieron diferencias sustanciales de ser diferentes. La metodología que cumplió los supuestos y explico la mayor variabilidad de las variables modeladas fue el Modelo Delta, el cual parece ser una mejor alternativa para la estimación, debido a la alta proporción de ceros en los datos. Las estimaciones promedio del descarte por exceso de captura, descarte de juveniles y captura incidental aplicando el Modelo Delta, fueron 252 580, 41 772, 44 823 toneladas respectivamente, que en conjunto representaron el 5.74% de los desembarques. Además, con la magnitud de la estimación del descarte de juveniles, se realizó un ejercicio de proyección de biomasa bajo el escenario hipotético de no mortalidad por pesca y que los individuos juveniles descartados sólo presentaron tallas de 8 y 11 cm., en la cual se obtuvo que la biomasa que no estará disponible a la pesca está entre los 52 mil y 93 mil toneladas.

Environmental influence on commercial fishery landings of small pelagic fish in Portugal

Small pelagic fishes are particularly abundant in areas with high environmental variability (zones of coastal upwelling and areas of tidal mixing and river discharge), and because of this, their abundance suffers large inter-annual and inter-decadal fluctuations. In Portugal, the most important species in terms of landings are European sardine, Atlantic horse mackerel and Atlantic chub mackerel. Small pelagic fish landings account for 62.8 % of the total fish biomass and represent 32.7 % of the economical value of all catches. We have investigated trends in landings of these small pelagic fishes and detected the effects of environmental factors in this fishery. In order to explain the variability of landings of small pelagic fishes, we have used official landings (1965-2012) for trawling and purse seine fisheries and applied generalized linear models, using the North Atlantic Oscillation index (NAO) (annual and winter NAO index), sea surface temperature (SST), wind data (strength and North-South and East-West wind components) and rainfall, as explanatory variables. Regression analysis was used to describe the relationship between landings and SST. The models explained between 50.16 and 51.07 % of the variability of the LPUE, with the most important factors being winter NAO index, SST and wind strength. The LPUE of European sardine and Atlantic horse mackerel was negatively correlated with SST, and LPUE of Atlantic chub mackerel was positively correlated with SST. The use of landings of three important species of small pelagic fishes allowed the detection of variations in landings associated with changes in sea water temperature and NAO index.

Weight-length relationships for fish species discarded in commercial fisheries of the Algarve (southern Portugal)

Weight and length descriptive statistics are reported for 73 fish species discarded in the commercial fisheries from the south coast of Portugal. Parameters of the weight-length relationship were estimated for 57 of these species. These are the first weight-length parameters reported for 20 of these species. For an additional 16 species for which no weight-length parameters have been reported, the parameter a was estimated by setting b = 3.0. Samples were used from five gear types: crustacean trawler, fish trawler, pelagic purse seine, demersal purse seine and trammel net. Samples were obtained from depths ranging from <30 m to >500 m and included pelagic and demersal species.

Energy analysis of the ring seine operations, off Cochin, Kerala

Ring seines are lightly constructed purse seines adapted for operation in the traditional sector. Fish production and energy requirement in the ring seine operations, off Cochin, Kerala, India are discussed in this paper, based on data collected during 1997- 1998. The results reflect the Gross Energy Requirement (GER) situation that existed during 1997-1998. Mean catch per ring seiner per year worked out to be 211.9 t of which sardines (Sardinella spp.) constituted 44.3%, followed by Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) 29.7%, carangids 11.4%, penaeid prawns 2.2%, pomfrets 1.1% and miscellaneous fish 11.3%. Total energy inputs into the ring seine operations were estimated to be 1300.8 GJ. Output by way of fish production was determined to be 931.85 GJ. GER is the sum of all non-renewable energy resources consumed in making available a product or service and is a measure of intensity of non-renewable resource use. GER per tonne of fish landed by ring seiners was estimated to be 6.14. Among the operational inputs, kerosene constituted 73.4% of the GER, followed by petrol (12.7%), diesel (6.7%) and lubricating oil (2.4%). Fishing gear contributed 3.8%, engine 0.8% and fishing craft 0.3% of the GER. Energy ratio for ring seining was 0.72 and energy intensity 1.40.

Social Media Analytics : Ein interdisziplinärer Ansatz und seine Implikationen für die Wirtschaftsinformatik [Social Media Analytics - An Interdisciplinary Approach and Its Implications for Information Systems]

Social Media Analytics ist ein neuer Forschungsbereich, in dem interdisziplinäre Methoden kombiniert, erweitert und angepasst werden, um Social-Media-Daten auszuwerten. Neben der Beantwortung von Forschungsfragen ist es ebenfalls ein Ziel, Architekturentwürfe für die Entwicklung neuer Informationssysteme und Anwendungen bereitzustellen, die auf sozialen Medien basieren. Der Beitrag stellt die wichtigsten Aspekte des Bereichs Social Media Analytics vor und verweist auf die Notwendigkeit einer fächerübergreifenden Forschungsagenda, für deren Erstellung und Bearbeitung der Wirtschaftsinformatik eine wichtige Rolle zukommt.

Silk purse, sow’s ear : transforming second-Hand clothing into luxury fashion through craft practice

There is more apparel being created than ever before in history. The unsustainable production of materials and the clothing and textile waste that contributes annually to landfill, an estimated 500 000 tonnes of clothing per year in the UK (Gray, 2012) are significant issues inspiring the practice of Australian fashion designers, Carla van Lunn and Carla Binotto. While the contemporary fashion industry is built upon a production and consumption model that is younger than the industrial revolution, the traditions of costume, craft, and bodily adornment are ancient practices. Binotto and van Lunn believe that the potential for sustainable fashion practice lies outside the current industrial manufacturing model. This case study will discuss their fashion label, Maison Briz Vegas, and examine how recycling and traditional craft practices can be used to address the problem of clothing waste and offer an alternative idea of value in fashion and materials, addressing the indicative conference theme, Craft as Sustainability Activism in Practice. “Maison Briz Vegas”, a play on the notion of French luxury and the designers’ new world and sub-tropical home town, Brisbane, is an experimental and craft-based fashion label that uses second-hand cotton T-shirts and wool sweaters as primary materials to create designer fashion. The first collection, titled “The Wasteland”, was conceived and created in Paris in 2011, where designer Carla van Lunn had been living and working for several years. The collection was inspired by the precariousness of the global economy and concerns about climate change. The mountains of discarded clothing found at flea markets provided a textile resource from which van Lunn created a recycled hand-crafted fashion collection with an activist message and was shown to buyers and press during Paris Fashion Week. The label has since become a collaboration with fellow Australian designer Carla Binotto. The craft processes employed in Maison Briz Vegas’ up-cycled fashion collections include original hand block-printing, hand embroidery, quilting and patchwork. Taking an artisanal and slow approach, the designers work to create a hand touched imperfect style in a fashion market flooded with digital printing and fast mass-produced garments. The recycling extends to garment fastenings and embellishments, with discarded jar lids and bottle tops being used as buttons and within embroidery. This process transforms the material and aesthetic value of cheap and generic second-hand clothing and household waste. Maison Briz Vegas demonstrates the potential for craft and design to be an interface for environmental activism within the world of fashion. Presenting garments that are both high-design and thoughtfully recycled in a significant fashion context, such as Paris Fashion Week, Maison Briz Vegas has been able to engage a high-profile luxury fashion audience which has not traditionally considered sustainable or eco practices as relevant or desirable in themselves. The designers are studying how to apply their production model on a greater scale in order to fill commercial orders and reach a wider audience whilst maintaining the element of bespoke, limited edition, and slow hand-craft within their work.

Studio portrait of unidentified Levy brother (most likely Arthur or Hermann) in military uniform; Nogent-Sur-Seine, France.

Photographer's imprint lower left corner

Boris Guerrit being thanked in Jerusalem for having sheltered in his mother-in-law's home in Soisy-sur-Seine his cousin Sonia and her husband Jacob Judey-Barosin from September 1943 until the liberation of Paris in August 1944 Portraits Groups

Early in 1943 the Barosins were arrested and sent to the deportation camp in Gurs. They were freed by French authorities and went into hiding until their liberation in 1944 in Paris. In 1947 they emigrated to the United States.