Protagonistas impensáveis; muralha do quase; prestígio subalterno: uma trilogia inspirada por mulheres negras, visibilidades midiáticas, territórios do Rio

No presente estudo, proponho-me a mostrar narrativas de/sobre mulheres negras nascidas e/ou radicadas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro que, por se manifestarem publicamente por intermédio do exercício de práticas artístico-culturais, são contempladas pela visibilidade midiática. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa situada nos campos dos estudos pós-coloniais e dos estudos do cotidiano. Nega Gizza e Tati Quebra Barraco protagonizam a investigação. As narrativas foram coletadas em artefatos culturais midiatizados disponibilizados ao público em geral cotidianamente, ao longo do século XXI. Achados apontam que a cidade do Rio de Janeiro, o lugar do estudo, é um centro propulsor de narrativas, discursos e dispositivos atuantes nacionalmente sobre mulheres negras, os quais mantêm aspectos essencializantes e subalternizantes que sobrepujam supostos fatores positivos que seriam decorrentes de visibilidades, bem como limitam processos de ressignificações identitárias e processos empoderadores. Destacam-se: 1) o discurso sobre a feiura, que se contrapõe ao discurso estético corporal hegemônico; 2) o discurso do corpo negro suspeito. Sendo assim, o dispositivo de transformar negra/o em branca/o embranquecimento continua operando com muita potência na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, em especial tendo em vista aquilo que se espera das mulheres. Tais achados inspiraram a construção da seguinte trilogia: protagonistas impensáveis; muralha do quase; prestígio subalterno. O prestígio subalterno se manifesta por intermédio da mobilidade social restrita a lugares marcados racializados. A muralha do quase é a responsável pela ausência de redes de poder com as quais a população negra possa contar para galgar a mobilidade social. As protagonistas impensáveis são as sujeitas que, por não disporem de atributos ditados pelo discurso da legitimidade estética que merece ser representada, estão interditadas para ocupar o papel principal do espetáculo. Paradoxalmente, no entanto, em algum momento inusitado, elas levantam e falam.

Estudar à noite e trabalhar de dia: desafios de quem deseja prosseguir com os estudos no Instituto Multidisciplinar da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro em Nova Iguaçu.

É urgente a necessidade da maior inclusão social dos estudantes que articulam a rotina de trabalho diurno e a educação formal noturna, objetivando melhorar as condições de vida através de aumentar oportunidades no mercado de trabalho. Por ser tema de extrema relevância social, a presente pesquisa busca compreender os desafios de alunos matriculados em cursos de Ensino Superior noturno no Instituto Multidisciplinar da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, destacando o processo de democratização do acesso e a permanência de jovens de camadas populares em quatro cursos de graduação. Descrevemos políticas públicas de acesso e de permanência dos estudantes nos cursos superiores noturnos de Pedagogia, História, Matemática e Administração, tendo em vista contribuir com a discussão da real efetividade destes cursos para a democratização da educação superior. O procedimento metodológico é a investigação qualitativa em estudo de caso. Nesta pesquisa, foram contatadas pessoas chave da universidade, aplicados 361 questionários e entrevistados 39 alunos de quatro cursos escolhidos. Os resultados relacionados aos fatores sociais que impõem o caráter compulsório do trabalho ao estudante universitário confirmaram que o jovem, dos cursos noturnos estudados deste Instituto Multidisciplinar, em geral, tem dificuldades de gerenciar sua vida para contemplar as diversas demandas, isto é, as sociais, familiares, educacionais e laborais. O jovem estudado costuma ter um perfil de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica. Os resultados também mostram em alguns discursos dos entrevistados alguns desafios de conciliar o curso noturno com a vida de trabalho. Assim, os resultados também revelam a necessidade de que mais recursos sejam destinados a programas com alunos com o perfil de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica. Apesar do perfil heterogêneo dos alunos desta pesquisa, os resultados apontam também que muitos aproveitam a oportunidade de continuidade de escolarização conciliando o trabalho diurno com a educação noturna. A opção destes por cursos de licenciaturas, como os de Matemática, História e Pedagogia, é atrativa pela maior facilidade de acesso devido a serem carreiras menos disputadas no ingresso à universidade pública. Embora a profissão docente em nossa sociedade não ofereça elevado prestígio social, ter a formação e o diploma de Ensino Superior ainda é para muitos jovens, uma possível trajetória que pode levar a mobilidade social. Assim, as políticas públicas precisam melhor atender os jovens deste segmento populacional que deseja estudar e trabalhar com educação.

O novo por escrito: cinema, crítica, nacionalismo (196064)

Este trabalho teve dois objetivos fundamentais: definir a arquitetura conceitual do que chamamos discurso do Cinema Novo; e analisar as formas como o movimento foi recebido pela crítica, com o objetivo de compreender o que o Cinema Novo deve, em termos discursivos e de prestígio, a esse diálogo. Partindo do conceito de campo cultural tal como pensado pelo sociólogo Pierre Bourdieu, ou seja, como espaço de lutas simbólicas pelo controle de lugares de poder e dos índices de valor que definem uma determinada atividade cultural, conclui-se que o prestígio alcançado pelo Cinema Novo já em seus primeiros anos se deve fundamentalmente à capacidade do grupo em responder a demanda dos setores simbolicamente dominantes da crítica por um cinema que fosse ao mesmo tempo autêntico, com toda ambiguidade que guarda o termo, e moderno, segundo as convenções estabelecidas pelas cinematografias europeias, como o neorrealismo e a Nouvelle Vague. Assim, tal como compreendemos, o Cinema Novo foi uma estratégia de comunicação e de inserção no campo cinematográfico brasileiro. Nesse trabalho, não nos propusemos analisar os filmes, cuja descrição foi feita apenas quando acreditamos fundamental para a compreensão do discurso crítico. Nossas fontes foram fundamentalmente artigos da crítica cinematográfica publicados na imprensa cultural da época. Para análise desses artigos, nos valemos das reflexões teóricas de Mikhail Bakhtin sobre a linguagem e das ferramentas teóricas da análise do discurso tal como apresentada por Michel Pêcheux e alguns comentadores de sua obra, como Eni Orlandi e José Luiz Fiorin

Understanding luxury in the premium automotive industry

This paper summarises the findings of investigations to date in understanding what luxury and premiumness mean to the high-end automotive consumer. Existing writings on luxury and premiumness are considered. An exploratory study was carried out in two countries using 309 respondents and 18 prestige cars. A "stream of consciousness" approach was used to capture respondent's views on a selection of vehicles. The codified transcripts were used to identify key differences between the top and bottom rated vehicles, in terms of the nature and quantity of emotional responses elicited. This paper describes some of these key product differences that were self-reported to impact upon a luxury response. Finally, suggestions are made as to the next steps required for this research. © 2007 ACM.

Discussion: Widening engineering horizons: Addressing the complexity of sustainable development

The following discussion is from an Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) prestige lecture based on the original paper and delivered by the authors at the ICE in London on 24 September 2008.1 The event was chaired by Engineering Sustainability editorial panel chair, Professor Chris Rogers from Birmingham University. It was attended by an audience of 130 people as well as being watched by a similar number over a live web-cast. The web-cast can be accessed from the ICE archive for online viewing at http://scenta. interwise.com/etechb/ OnDemand/TH6509.

?A Certain Idea of Britain': British Cultural Diplomacy in the Middle East, 1945-1957?

Vaughan, J. (2005). ?A Certain Idea of Britain': British Cultural Diplomacy in the Middle East, 1945-1957. Contemporary British History. 19 (2), pp.151-168 RAE2008

Propozycja rozróżnienia teoretycznego kategorii estymy i szacunku

Poniższy tekst odnosi się do debat dotyczących sporów teoretycznych i definicyjnych o znaczenie kategorii szacunku i estymy. Autor porównuje koncepcję prestiżu Henryka Domańskiego i teorie uznania Axela Honnetha zarówno w wymiarze normatywnym, jak i tym dotyczącym badań empirycznych. Autor konkluduje, że założenia normatywne i definicje teoretyczne kategorii estymy i szacunku są bardziej przekonujące i wyszukane pod względem teoretycznym w teorii uznania Axela Honnetha.

Unia Europejska wobec nowych tworów państwowych (casus Kosowa, Abchazji i Osetii południowej)

W przypadku niejednolitego stanowiska państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej wobec Kosowa, osłabieniu ulega prestiż i siła oddziaływania Unii na arenie międzynarodowej. W odniesieniu do problemu Abchazji i Osetii Południowej natomiast, działania UE obrazują, że samo wyrażenie zainteresowania określonym problemem oraz udzielanie ‘apolitycznej’ pomocy finansowej, którym nie towarzyszą wyraźnie i precyzyjnie zdefiniowane cele polityczne, działalność instytucji wyposażonych w silny mandat oraz proces aktywnych negocjacji, nie przyczynia się do rozwiązania palącego problemu międzynarodowego, narażając na szwank pozycję międzynarodową Unii Europejskiej. Po raz kolejny państwa członkowskie pokazują, iż koncepcja Wspólnej Polityki Zagranicznej i Bezpieczeństwa, wspierana między innymi przez Europejską Politykę Sąsiedztwa, jest pozbawiona stabilnych podstaw.

Małżeństwa wiejskie w Polsce lat osiemdziesiątych. Szkic historyczny

In the article I present the structure of rural marriage in Poland of the 80-ies. I analyse basic factors of marriage mating, especially the reasons for getting married. Among the most important reasons are: love, material reasons, friendship, prestige, social position, sex. The article includes also the results of the research on marriage durability (stability), and also on factors influencing the marriage success or failure.

O naruszaniu podstawowych zasad postępowania naukowego. “Wzgórze przeznaczenia archeologii” górą skandalu

„We are paying a high price for the increasingly unequivocal equation drawn between knowledge and science and ordinary market product. The ideal of perfectly unrestrained cognition, the true mother of science, is threatened by the mass drive towards practical use and application of knowledge, a looming departure into nothingness. Politicians and managers of scientific life are guilty of considerable contribution in corrupting respectable university structures, and thus undermining culture of science and scholarly ethics. (…). Acquisition of funds, sponsorship, media presence, popularisation or even striving for commercial gain are recognised by politicians and scientific consultants, but most of all they are accepted by the university management as objectives worthy of effort, not to say the foremost goals of science. University rectors are nowadays interested primarily in the amounts of acquired moneys. The outcomes of research thus financed is subject to virtually no control, nor does it arouse any interest, unless it turns out to be fit to be announced in the media as a sensation, thereby serving the ‘prestige’ of the university”.

The Ford administration, Angola and the perception of Post-Vietnam US credibility, 1974-1976

This thesis is a study of how the Gerald Ford administration struggled to address a perceived loss of US credibility after the collapse of Vietnam, with a focus on the role of Secretary of State Henry Kissinger in the formulation, implementation and subsequent defence of US Angolan policy. By examining the immediate post-Vietnam period, this thesis shows that Vietnam had a significant impact on Kissinger’s actions on Angola, which resulted in an ill conceived covert operation in another third world conflict. In 1974, Africa was a neglected region in Cold War US foreign policy, yet the effects of the Portuguese revolution led to a rapid decolonization of its African territories, of which Angola was to become the focus of superpower competition. After South Vietnam collapsed in April 1975, Kissinger became fixated on restoring the perceived loss of US prestige, Angola provided the first opportunity to address this. Despite objections from his advisors, Kissinger methodically engineered a covert program to assist two anti-Marxist guerrilla groups in Angola. As the crisis escalated, the media discovered the operation and the Congress decided to cease all funding. A period of heated tensions ensued, resulting in Kissinger creating a new African policy to outmanoeuvre his critics publicly, while privately castigating them to foreign leaders. This thesis argues that Kissinger’s dismissal of internal dissent and opposition from the Congress was influenced by what he perceived as bureaucrats being affected by the Vietnam syndrome, and his obsession with restoring US credibility. By looking at the private and public records – as expressed in government meetings and official reports, US newspaper and television coverage and diplomatic cables – this thesis addresses the question of how the lessons of Vietnam failed to influence Kissinger’s actions in Angola, but the lessons of Angola were heavily influential in the construction of a new US-African policy.

A history of the Irish Red Cross Society, 1939-1971

This research is concerned with assessing from a national perspective the role, work and historical impact of the Irish Red Cross Society (IRCS) between 1939 and 1971. During this period the IRCS discharged three primary functions: it provided first aid services both in war-time and peace-time; it pioneered public health and social care services; and acted as the State’s main agency for international humanitarian relief measures. Although primarily a national organisational history of the Society, it is not a history in isolation. A broader perspective demonstrates that the work undertaken by the IRCS has relevance to the medical, social, religious, cultural, political and diplomatic history of twentieth century Ireland. This study assesses the impact of a number of significant public health and social care initiatives which the IRCS implemented and developed since its inception and how most of these were subsequently developed independently by the State. During the early 1940s, the Society’s formation of a national blood transfusion service ultimately laid the foundations for the establishment of a national blood transfusion service. The Society’s steering of a national anti-tuberculosis campaign in the 1940s brought the issue of the eradication of TB to the fore and helped to change public attitudes towards the disease. The concept of caring for the needs of the elderly in Ireland was largely unknown until the IRCS began addressing the issue in the 1950s and, for more than two decades, was effectively the only organisation in the State that campaigned and introduced innovative services for the aged. The IRCS made a significant impact in terms of its commitment to the needs of refugees and the provision of international humanitarian relief from Ireland. The Society’s donation in 1945 of a fully equipped hospital to the population of Saint-Lo in France, its war-time overseas relief efforts and its post-war work for child refugees earned Ireland significant international recognition and prestige and, more importantly, justified Ireland’s war-time policy of neutrality. With Ireland’s admission to the UN, the government became more dependent on the IRCS to consolidate that position.

Reading Lydgate's Troy Book: patronage, politics, and history in Lancastrian England

This thesis, Reading Lydgate's Troy Book: Patronage, Politics and History in Lancastrian England, discusses the relationship between John Lydgate as a court poet to his patron Henry V. I contend that the Troy Book is explored as a vehicle to propagate the idea that the House of Lancaster is the legitimate successor to King Richard II in order to smooth over the usurpation of 1399. Paul Strohm's England's Empty Throne was a key influence to the approach of this thesis' topic. I examine that although Chaucer had a definitive impact on Lydgate's writing, Lydgate is able to manipulate this influence for his own ambitions. In order to enhance his own fame, Lydgate works to promote Chaucer's canon so that as Chaucer's successor, he will inherit more prestige. The Trojan war is seen in context with the Hundred Years War, and can be applied contextually to political events. Lydgate presents characters that are vulnerable to human failings, and their assorted, complicated relationships. Lydgate modernises the Troy Book to reflect and enhance his Lancastrian society, and the thesis gives a contextual view of Lydgate's writing of the Troy Book. Lydgate writes for a more varied target audience than his thirteenth-century source, Guido delle Colonne, and there is a deliberation on the female characters of the Troy Book which promulgates the theory that Lydgate takes a proactive and empathetic interest in women's roles in society. Furthermore Lydgate has never really been accepted as a humanist, and I look at Lydgate's work from a different angle; he is a self-germinating humanist. Lydgate revives antiquity to educate his fifteenth-century audience, and his ambition is to create a memorial for his patron in the vernacular, and enhance his own fame as a poet separate from Chaucer's shadow.

Investigating antecedents and consequences of brand identification

Purpose – This study aims to analyse the influences of prestige, satisfaction, and communication on brand identification and to show how brand identification influences word-of-mouth and brand repurchase. Design/methodology/approach – A theoretical model is developed and tested with a sample of car owners in the UK of two global car brands. Structural equation modelling was used with LISREL 8.54 and the maximum likelihood (ML) method. Findings – This paper draws mainly on the theory of social identity to provide a comprehensive understanding of conditions under which brand owners are likely to identify with their brand and the bases and consequences of such identification. It was shown that prestige, satisfaction, and communication effect brand identification. The study confirms that consumers' development of relationships via brand identification results in word of mouth about the brand and intentions to repurchase the brand. Furthermore, it was found that brand identification fully mediates the influences of prestige, satisfaction, and communication on word of mouth and brand repurchase. Research limitations/implications – The focus was on one country and one industry. Practical implications – Managers are provided with strategies that enhance the identification of their customers with their brand so that they can strengthen the customers' brand identification. Areas for future research are suggested. For instance, it could be interesting to test the model in a different industry and/or cultural context. Originality/value – Very few previous studies have looked at brand identification which is surprising considering it is such an important variable to influence word-of-mouth and brand repurchase. The study tests three antecedents to brand identification and two outcomes that have not been investigated previously. Overall, the study adds knowledge in this somewhat neglected area.

The evolution of authoritarian processes: Fostering cooperation in large-scale groups

Authoritarianism, comprising conventionalism, authoritarian submission, and authoritarian aggression, is an important factor underlying prejudice and social discrimination and therefore is typically perceived as socially problematic. In contrast, our work examines adaptive features of authoritarianism. Evolutionary game theoretical considerations (e.g., biased social learning) point to authoritarian psychological processes that establish and foster group life (e.g., high levels of ingroup cooperation). First, the evolution of social learning (particularly conformist and prestige biases) leads to the establishment of local and distinct cultural groups (conventionalism). Second, local cultural rules solve coordination dilemmas by transforming these rules into normative standards against which others are evaluated (authoritarian submission). Third, the common rules within a particular culture or group are reinforced by a tendency to reward norm compliance and punish norm deviations (authoritarian aggression). Implications regarding the deduction of novel research questions as well as dealing with authoritarianism as a social problem are discussed.